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This chapter considers the ILO’s Seafarers’ Identity Documents Convention (Revised), 2003 (No. 185), and the heightened political and border security agenda under which was rapidly developed and adopted. It also provides an overview of the Convention requirements and the potential areas and impact of proposals, to be considered in 2016, to update it to align the Seafarers’ Identity Documents (SID) more closely with current international standards for travel documents and passports. The chapter explores the question of why, more than decade after its enthusiastic adoption in 2003, Convention No .185 has not succeeded in its attracting widespread ratifications, particularly by port States. It is argued that, despite good intentions, the problems the Convention faces are to a large extent attributable to the dynamics of institutional fragmentation at the international and national levels. At the same time, despite enhanced security in border control practices, in most cases it appears that seafarers are still being granted facilities in foreign ports for shore leave and for transit for professional movements, without widespread implementation of Convention No. 185. This chapter argues that, while there may be a question as to whether, even if updated, the elaborate and costly system established under Convention No. 185 is, in fact, necessary, some form of reliable universally recognized seafarers’ identity card and the facilities accorded to its bearers by port States remains essential to the international shipping and, importantly, to seafarers’ well-being., Ce chapitre examine la Convention de l'OIT (révisée), (n° 185) de 2003, relative aux pièces d'identité des gens de mer, ainsi que le contexte politique et de sécurité frontalière en vertu duquel elle a été rapidement élaborée et adoptée. Il fournit également un aperçu des exigences de la Convention et son champ d'application et l'impact des propositions examinées en 2016, en vue de sa mise à jour, afin d'aligner la pièce d'identité des gens de mer (PIM) ou Seafarers' Identity Documents (SID) plus étroitement avec les normes internationales en vigueur pour les documents de voyage et passeports. Le chapitre explore la question de savoir pourquoi plus de dix ans après son adoption enthousiaste en 2003, la convention n° 185 n'a pas réussi à attirer plus de ratifications, notamment de la part des États du port. Malgré les bonnes intentions, les obstacles à l'application étendue de la Convention, sont dans une large mesure attribuables à la dynamique de la fragmentation institutionnelle au niveau international et national. Dans le même temps, malgré une sécurité renforcée dans les pratiques de contrôle des frontières, dans la plupart des cas, il semble que les marins se voient toujours accorder des facilités dans les ports étrangers en vue de leur débarquement et de leurs transits terrestres et aériens, en vue de leurs déplacements professionnels, sans mise en oeuvre généralisée de la convention n° 185. Une mise à jour du système complexe et coûteuxétabli en vertu de la convention n° 185 est nécessaire; une carte d’identité fiable des marins, universellement reconnue et les facilités accordées à ses porteurs par les États du port, demeure un élément essentiel de l’expédition internationale et, surtout, du bien-être des gens de mer.

International audience; Airport is both the starting and ending point of air traffic. The sharp increase in air traffic flow causes directly traffic congestion in Terminal Maneuvering Area (TMA) which affects the normal operation of the flights. Optimizing departure and arrival procedures is therefore crucial to regulate air traffic flow. This research focuses on generating 3D Standard Instrument Departure routes and Standard Terminal Arrival Routes in TMA at a strategic level. We propose an optimization approach to generate 3D routes avoiding obstacles and assuring a minimum separation between routes. The method combines Fast Marching Method and Simulated Annealing.

International audience; Networks are growing in complexity because of several factors, including number of user, applications, and different technologies. Indeed the management in this case is relativistic. The QoS management mechanisms proposed by 3GPP allow providing the IMS network entities controls and efficient service delivery; however the 3GPP approach focuses entirely on the step of providing the service without consideration the type of customer, which requires a monitoring architecture. Furthermore the TMForum groups within specification scenario type of monitoring based end to end business process oriented Assurance to a permanent monitoring of the services provided. However these scenarios are generic and haven’t specification for IMS networks. We propose in this paper a new approach to monitor IMS networks, which based specifications TMForum and use WS-Composite and XML Communication, and it provides a platform for continuous monitoring of services

Modifications of the ionosphere D layer density and/or altitude by solar UV or XR bursts are frequently observed. inducing phase and/or amplitude modifications on VLF transmissions propagation. A perturbation of the amplitude of french and german VLF transmissions received at Pic du Midi observatory during the Geminids 2010 meteor shower has been observed, which is triggered by a large meteor ionized trail

National audience; L'Autre Monde est un thème récurrent dans les littératures irlandaises et galloises. Ce lieu, accessible à quelques hommes privilégiés, est synonyme d'une vision idéale de l'existence, à travers abondance et immortalité.

International audience; Gráinne Ní Mháille (aka Gráinne Mhaol, or “Granuaile”) stands out as a unique figure in Irish History and national symbolism; her fame and remarkable popularity come from the exceptional life she led, in exceptional circumstances: she was not only a chieftain, with a political and military role to play in troubled times for Ireland, under the reign of Elizabeth I of England, whom she met on a very public occasion in London, at Greenwich Castle. She was also at the head of a fleet that raided forts and garrisons in the West of Ireland and plundered local kingdoms.As a result, she was soon perceived to be “larger than life” and gave rise to numerous myths and symbols. As she was the product of a period when nationalism was largely unknown, this article will analyse the conjunction of historical facts and the birth of a national legend, to be found in a vast reservoir of myths that are part and parcel of the Gaelic heritage. Then the avatars of those myths, largely shaped according to political and military circumstances, will be examined and put into perspective.Part one will focus on Granuaile’s biography in relation to the role women were given in Gaelic society, in the field of matrimony, lineage and political power. Against all odds, Grace O’Malley managed to get some political recognition, as illustrated by the numerous battles she wedged against the most powerful representatives of English authority and her meeting with the Queen of England in 1597.Part two will be devoted to the mythological features of female Sovereignty and warfare (with the figures of the mythical Queen Medb and the warlike Mórrígu) that were gradually associated with Granuaile and form the basis of the legend that took shape throughout Irish history and political poems and songs, particularly when Ireland was struggling to shake off England’s grip on its political destiny. Such phenomenon is clearly exemplified in the 18th century with the adhesion of the Irish aristocracy to the cause of the Stuarts in the war of succession to the English throne, followed by the revolutionary uprising of 1798 called ‘the Year of the French’, then in 1916 with the Easter Rising, and the preponderant role of streets ballads and songs of rebellion.

Axe de Recherche : Management; Le lien entre les structures d'organisation et le contrôle de gestion (ainsi que l'audit social) est largement assuré par la recherche opérationnelle (RO) et les systèmes d'information et de décision (SID). En effet, ces instruments interfèrent sur le choix des méthodes de coordination et préfigurent les capacités innovatrices réclamées par les parties prenantes afin de créer de la valeur. L'objectif d'optimisation et la quête de neutralité des instruments de gestion se heurtent aux hommes et à leurs contradictions. Les structures réticulaires, de nature complexe, modifient les comportements et suscitent des réactions d'adhésion des individus. Ainsi s'avère-t-il possible de réintroduire du sens dans le management des organisations.

Dans les littératures celtiques médiévales, le thème de l'Autre Monde est très fréquent. Situé en des lieux inaccessibles, il a une fonction importante pour la société humaine. C'est en effet l'Autre Monde qui est la source d'abondance et de légitimité pour le roi irlandais et gallois.