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This study s main goal is to point out the obstacles with the transposition of Ethnobotanical discourse to social practice based on the transformations of political and legal environments in global and national scenarios. It presents the importance of popular participation in decision-making and environmental policymaking and focuses on the contribution of traditional people and their knowledge of actions in favor of environmental conservation. Using a qualitative research approach grounded in the theoretical context of the national and international emergence of Socioenvironmentalism, virtual database research (SciELO, Embrapa, Capes and BDTD) was used as a methodological tool to complete a comprehensive review of journal articles crossing the word Ethnobotany with terms such as environmental policy, public policy, environmental conservation, sustainable management, traditional knowledge and biodiversity. Through interpreting authors perspectives of Ethnobotany on environmental issues and the advancement of this field of knowledge toward its potential applicability of solutions to environmental problems, the findings of the study show the distance of the appropriation of ethnobotany as subsidy for developing public policies. Pointing out the difficulties in the approach to the practice of its discourse, we seek to study the barriers to implementation of Ethnobotany in the formulation of public policy.