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In einer Verzehrsbeobachtung wurden die Wirkeigenschaften einer bilanzierten Diat, einem Sirup aus dem eingedickten Saft der Manna-Esche (Fraxinus ornus L.) und den wasserloslichen Bestandteilen getrockneter Feigen (Ficus carica L.) bei 40 Patienten mit Obstipation bzw. Darmtragheit untersucht. Die tagliche Einnahme des Sirups (60–120 ml pro Tag) uber eine Dauer von 2 Wochen fuhrte zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung ­typischer Beschwerden im klinischen Befund (ca. 47–64 %) und im Urteil der Patienten (ca. 50–77 %). Nebenwirkungen wurden nicht beobachtet; die Vertraglichkeit wurde von Patienten bzw. Arzten grostenteils mit „sehr gut“ beurteilt.

Wirkungen des pflanzlichen Kombinationsarzneimittels Canephron® N auf Risikofaktoren der idiopathischen Kalziumurolithiasis in einer offenen Studie Ziel der Studie war es, die Wirkungen von Canephron® N auf Risikofaktoren der Steinbildung zu untersuchen. Das bewahrte Praparat enthalt Auszuge aus Centaurii herba, Levistici radix und Rosmarini folium. Patienten mit umkomplizierter Kalziumurolithiasis wurden uber 2 (n = 32) bzw. 4 Monate (n = 18) mit Canephron® N behandelt. Es resultierte ein nahezu kontinuierlicher Ruckgang der Marker im Harn fur die Steinbildung wie das Aktivitatsprodukt Ap[CaOx] und die Rate der Kristallurie; parallel nahmen Diurese und pH-Wert des Harns zu. Diese Parameter waren nach der 4-monatigen Therapie starker verbessert als nach der 2-monatigen. Unerwunschte Wirkungen wurden nicht beobachtet. Wir bewerten das pflanzliche Kombinationsarzneimittel als vielversprechenden Wirkstoff fur Patienten mit Risikofaktoren der idiopathischen Kalziumurolithiasis. Die Ergebnisse rechtfertigen weitere klinische Forschung.

EFFICACY OF ARTICHOKE BUD SAP IN TREATING DYSPEPTIC COMPLAINTS. RESULTS OF AN OPEN OBSERVATIONAL STUDYFor the first time the efficacy of a sap made from the fresh head buds of artichoke ( CYNARA SCOLYMUS L.) was investigated in an open study in 110 patients with dyspeptic complaints. An improvement of typical symptoms was rated by both physicians and patients following the intake of 20 or 30 ml of the sap daily for up to 12 weeks. The improvement was in the range of 40 to 60% after 6 weeks and was roughly 80% after 12 weeks of therapy. Moreover, positive effects were noted on serum lipids as known for other artichoke products. These results support the therapeutic efficacy of the investigated sap of artichoke head buds as has been shown for the established extract preparations made from artichoke leaf.

Fragestellung Die Critical-Illness-Polyneuropathie (CIP) stellt eine haufige Komplikation im Rahmen der intensivmedizinischen Behandlung kritisch kranker Patienten dar. Im Gegensatz zu vielen anderen Krankheitsbildern gibt es kaum Untersuchungen zur Haufigkeit der CIP bei Patienten mit neurologisch-neurochirurgischen Grunderkrankungen. Ziel der durchgefuhrten Untersuchung war es daher, die Inzidenz der CIP bei Patienten nach schweren neurologischen und neurochirurgischen Erkrankungen und ihre Auswirkung auf die Dauer der Beatmungspflichtigkeit zu untersuchen. Ergebnis Bei 154 von 254 (60,6 %) untersuchten Patienten konnte eine CIP elektrophysiologisch gesichert werden. Die Beatmungsdauer der Patienten mit CIP war mit durchschnittlich 38 Tagen gegenuber durchschnittlich 22,3 Tagen bei Patienten ohne CIP hochsignifikant (p

In a prospective open study 21 patients with upper abdominal complaints and chronic active gastritis as well as endoscopically proven erosions were treated with bismuth subsalicylate (4 X 30 ml/day, corresponding to 4 X 314 mg Bi3+) for three weeks. In 20 patients (95%) Campylobacter pylori (CP) was found in at least two of three examinations (culture, CLO quick-test, special histology). After the treatment 17 of 21 patients (81%) were CP negative, and the clinical symptoms had gradually disappeared. The histologically demonstrated degree of activity had regressed significantly after the three-week treatment; in 90% of patients the inflammatory process had completely abated. These results demonstrate that bismuth subsalicylate is highly effective in the acute treatment of CP-associated chronic erosive gastritis.

In 1987 an open study was conducted in an ophthalmological practice to test Circo-Maren tablets. Examinations using a computerized perimeter revealed that therapy with Circo-Maren can lead to a reduction in visual field defects in patients with senile macular edema and retinal angiosclerosis. In cases with severe defects, favorable results were achieved which were statistically significant (duration of treatment: 4-12 weeks). Considerable fluctuations in the number and intensity of the defects were seen in the various intermediate examinations.

This is an open study of 81 cases of asthma in various paediatric age groups who received only homeopathic treatment for two years. The remedies were prescribed by individualising each case. The study showed that asthmatic attacks due to a variety of causes, like exercise, infection and allergy, could be treated successfully with homeopathy. Exacerbations and the use of nebulizers were reduced, and the asymptomatic period prolonged.

37 patients with prostatic adenomas were treated with homœopathy for 6–9 months in an open study. Most showed subjective improvement in urinary and sexual function and improved objective measures of urinary function. Testosterone levels rose, but there was no reduction in size of the prostate on ultrasound. Possible modes of action are discussed.

SummaryThe severity of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and the effect of Folliculinum 9 cH in 32 patients was analyzed using a questionnaire. Symptoms of PMS were troublesome in 84% of patients prescribed Folliculinum, 88% of patients showed a satisfactory response to treatment.

In an open study the cholinolytic biperiden was administered to 10 severely depressed inpatients in an average dose of 12 mg per day for 30 days. Patients were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases, the research Diagnostic Criteria and the Newcastle Scale. A significant improvement was demonstrated in the global score of the Hamilton Depression Scale (p less than 0.001). Especially the factors retardation (p less than 0.001) and agitation (p less than 0.001) and the items depressed mood (p less than 0.001), initial insomnia (p less than 0.05), work and interest (p less than 0.001) and gastrointestinal symptoms (p less than 0.001) could favorably be influenced. Nevertheless, biperiden treatment had to be discontinued after three weeks in two patients because of a paranoid syndrome in one case and symptoms of inner restlessness and disturbances of vital feelings in the other case. There was a positive correlation between the clinical response and the cortisol non-suppressability to dexamethasone prior to the study (p less than 0.03). These results taken together with other findings from the literature suggest that cholinergic mechanisms may have an important impact on the pathogenesis of certain forms of depression.

In an open study three chronically schizophrenic patients with normal kidney function were treated by hemodialysis in an attempt to ameliorate their psychotic symptoms. Neuroleptic treatment was stopped at least four weeks prior to hemodialysis. The patients were dialysed once weekly for twelve (in one case eleven) weeks. Psychopathology was evaluated using the IMPS, BPRS and NOSIE. No patient showed any improvement during the course of dialysis, one patient showed a marked detrioration. These observations raise doubts about whether schizophrenic psychoses can be improved by means of hemodialysis as previously published by Wagemaker (1977).

In an initial clinical trial we examined the tolerance and the influence exercised on signals in nuclear magnetic resonance tomography by gadolinium-DTPA. In an open study, 4 dosages between 0.005 and 0.25 mmol Gd-DTPA/kg body-weight were tested on 5 healthy volunteers each. To ensure renal elimination of Gd-DTPA, NMR images were produced (0.35 T Magnetom) visualising the kidneys and urinary bladder before and more than 60 minutes after application of the contrast medium. The article shows in what manner the image is influenced by the dosage of the contrast medium and also by the time interval elapsing between injection of the contrast medium and production of the NMR tomogram. - Finally, first clinical results of NMR tomography contrast medium application are demonstrated in the case of 5 patients with cerebral tumours.

The prolactin-inhibitor Bromocriptin was examined in an open study in comparison with Hexoestrol, a synthetic estrogen compound, in 31 patients with severe postpartal breast engorgement and in 38 patients with acute puerperal mastitis. In both indications a significantly faster clinical improvement was achieved with Bromocriptin. Also the incision-rate in cases of breast abscess was significantly lower in the Bromocriptin group. The inhibition of prolactin is considered the method of choice, as well in the prophylaxis as in the treatment of puerperal mastitis.

The paper reports on an open study of flupirilene administration in ten previously untreated female outpatients with paranoid symptomatology who were of advanced age. In eight of the ten patients who had been included in the 12-week study the authors observed a remission particularly of delusion dynamics, delusional intuitions, delusional perceptions, and restlessness as well as excitment. The therapy failed in two patients. Preexisting cerebro-organic impairments deteriorated partly, whereas vegetative and extrapyramidal side effects were of only moderate intensity. Hence, fluspirilene proved to be a depot neuroleptic with good antipsychotic effect in outpatient treatment of paranoid psychoses of patients of advanced age. However, especially in patients of advanced age. However, especially patients with preorganic brain syndrome, the obviously sedating and retarding effects of this drug must be taken into account, since they may contribute to further disturbance of the impaired cerebral function.

In an open study 30 patients with the symptom of tinnitus were treated for 12 weeks with nimodipin (Bay e 9736) 3 X 30 mg/die. 12 patients showed sudden deafness with a history of one day up to more than 20 years. In six cases we observed complete remission, in two cases remission up to 70-80%, in two cases slight improvement. Four patients showed no side reaction to the treatment of nimodipin. Ten patients suffered from so-called degenerative inner ear deafness. 3 (n = 10) showed complete remission, one nearly 90% improvement, another patient showed 60% improvement, one slight improvement, in 4 patients tinnitus persisted. Vertigo-Morbus Meniere: 4 out of 30 patients were included with the diagnosis of Morbus Meniere with tinnitus. 3 (n = 4) showed complete remission of tinnitus, normal hearing level and no more symptoms of vertigo after 12 or less weeks of treatment with nimodipin. In one case with an history over more than 20 years only the vertigo could be cured. Traumatic inner ear deafness is not apt to be treated with an agent such as nimodipin.

In an open study involving 30 schizophrenic patients the neuroleptic threshold dose (measured via Haase's graphopathological test), the maximum dose, and the maintenance dose were determined. The neuroleptic threshold dose was 5.6 mg/day (0.08 mg/kg body weight); the maximum dose was 11 mg/day (0.16 mg/kg body weight); and the maintenance dose was 6 mg/day (0.09 mg/kg body weight). With reference to the effectiveness, good to very good results were obtained in 19 cases. Regarding side effects 15 patients complained of extrapyramidal disturbances, this was to be expected in view of the study design aiming at the determination of the maximum dose level. When administered in one single dose in the evening, bromperidol influenced the night sleep positively, so that sleep-inducing drugs could be reduced, and, in some cases, even dispensed with.

The results of a one year treatment with Melperone are reported. 18 mentally retarded female patients with severe aggressive and autoaggressive behaviour had been included in this open study. Six patients suffered from various epileptic seizures. A significant reduction of aggressive and autoaggressive behaviour, measured by the AFGB, was found. The activity of alkaline phosphatase showed a significant tendency towards normalisation. EEG-controls of patients with epileptic seizures showed no increase of epileptic activity in the EEG. No severe side effects were noticed.