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The article deals with the lithology and geochemistry of organic matter of Upper Devonian-Lower Carboniferous deposits (Carbonate Devonian) of the eastern part of the South Tatar arch. Rocks of this age have a high generative potential due to increased concentrations of organic matter (OM) and its phytogenic and zoophytogenic composition. They refer to non-traditional sources of hydrocarbons. The generative potential depends on the facial environment and the transformation of OM. The highest potential have carbonate-siliceous and siliceous-carbonate rhythmites domannic horizon.

In connection with the growth of oil reserves difficult to recover in the structure of reserves, the task of efficient development is becoming more complicated. The development of carbonate reservoirs having a complex structure and containing heavy oil is caused by the low rates of extraction and values of oil recovery factors. At present, there are no low-cost technologies that ensure high efficiency of development of such fields. The pilot site of the Bashkirian stage drilled with wells of various structure was considered, including the first in the Republic of Tatarstan experience of drilling complexly designed wells with two horizontal boreholes in complex carbonate reservoirs containing heavy oil and selective operation of each borehole using double elevator unit of dual completion. The average characteristics of wells with various designs are compared, and measures for improving efficiency of further exploitation of these wells are given.