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This paper gives an overview of landslide research and the activity of landslides located above the Koroška Bela settlement in Northwest Slovenia. There are several landslides in this area and they pose a direct threat to the settlement below. The settlement is very densely populated (about 2,100 inhabitants) and has well-developed industry and infrastructure. It is built on deposits from past debris flows, indicating that large slope mass movements have occurred in the past. In this regard, the hinterland of Koroška Bela has been investigated since 2006, within the framework of various research, technical and European projects. The most extensive geological and geotechnical investigations were carried out after April 2017, when part of the Čikla landslide collapsed and mobilised into a debris flow. All of the investigations which have been carried out over the years revealed that the hinterland of Koroška Bela is characterised by high landslide activity due to geological, hydrogeological and tectonic conditions. In order to protect people and their property, it is essential to implement a holistic mitigation measure which includes remediation works (drainage works, debris flow breaker, etc.) and non-structural measures (monitoring system, early warning system, risk management, etc.). Regular and continuous monitoring of all landslides is also crucial to observe the landslide dynamics and evaluate the effectiveness of structural mitigation measures. Članek predstavlja pregled raziskav in aktivnosti plazov, ki se nahajajo nad naseljem Koroška Bela v severozahodni Sloveniji. Obravnavano območje je podvrženo plazovom, ki predstavljajo neposredno nevarnost za spodaj ležeče naselje. Naselje je gosto poseljeno (s približno 2.100 prebivalci) in ima dobro razvito industrijo ter infrastrukturo. Zgrajeno je na sedimentih preteklih drobirskih tokov, kar tudi dokazuje, da so se obsežni pobočni masni premiki prožili tudi v preteklosti. Zaradi naštetih dejstev na tem območju potekajo raziskave že od leta 2006, ki so se izvajale v okviru različnih raziskovalnih, tehničnih in evropskih projektov. Najobsežnejše geološke in geotehnične preiskave so bile izvedene po aprilu 2017, in sicer po sprožitvi manjšega drobirskega toka na Čikli. Vse raziskave in študije, ki so bile izvedene v vseh teh letih, so pokazale, da je zaledje Koroške Bele podvrženo aktivnim plazovom, ki so se formirali predvsem zaradi danih geoloških, hidrogeoloških in tektonskih razmer. Za zaščito ljudi in njihovega imetja je nujna celostna izvedba varovalnih ukrepov, ki bodo vključevali tako preventivne (npr. sistem za opazovanje, opozorilni sistem, načrt obvladovanja ogroženosti, itd.), kot tudi gradbene ukrepe (npr. drenažni sistem, pregrade, itd.). Prav tako je nujno izvajanje rednega in kontinuiranega spremljanja vseh aktivnih plazov v zaledju, ki bo omogočal prepoznavanje dinamike plazov in meril učinkovitost izvedenih gradbenih ukrepov.

Slovenia is affected by extreme and intense rainfall that triggers numerous landslides every year, resulting in significant human impact and damage to infrastructure. Previous studies on landslides have shown how rainfall patterns can influence landslide occurrence, while in this paper, we present one of the first study in Slovenia to examine the impact of climate change on landslides in the mid-21st century. To do this, we used the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 climate scenario and future climatology simulated by six climate models that differed from each other as much as possible while representing measured values of past climate variables as closely as possible. Based on baseline period (1981-2010) we showed the number of days with exceedance of rainfall thresholds and the area where landslides may occur more frequently in the projection period (2041-2070). We found that extreme rainfall events are likely to occur more frequent in the future, which may lead to a higher frequency of landslides in some areas. Vsako leto Slovenijo prizadenejo ekstremne in močne padavine, ki sprožijo številne zemeljske plazove, kar povzroči znaten vpliv na človeka in škodo na infrastrukturi. Prejšnje študije plazov so pokazale, kako padavine vplivajo na pojav plazov, medtem ko v tem prispevku predstavljamo eno izmed prvih študij v Sloveniji, ki proučuje vpliv podnebnih sprememb na zemeljske plazove sredi 21. stoletja. V ta namen smo uporabili scenarij značilnih potekov vsebnosti toplogrednih plinov (RCP4.5) in uporabili simulacije šestih podnebnih modelov, ki so se med seboj čimbolj razlikovali, hkrati pa kar najbolj enako predstavljali izmerjene vrednosti podnebnih spremenljivk v obdobju meritev. Na podlagi referenčnega obdobja (1981-2010) prikazujemo število dni, ko padavine presežejo sprožilne količine padavin in območja, kjer se lahko plazovi v projekcijskem obdobju (2041-2070) pogosteje pojavljajo. Rezultati kažejo, da se bodo ekstremni padavinski dogodki v prihodnosti zelo verjetno pojavljali pogosteje kot danes, kar lahko na nekaterih območjih povzroči pogostejše pojavljanje zemeljskih plazov.