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Objective: To investigate the effect of obturator nerve blockade on oncological outcomes of patients with a diagnosis of lateral wall localized non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: One hundred six patients diagnosed with lateral wall localized non-invasive bladder cancer were evaluated between January 2015 and March 2020 in this retrospective, cross-sectional observational study. The patients were divided into two groups: patients receiving only spinal anesthesia and those receiving spinal anesthesia combined with ultrasound-guided obturator nerve blockade. Oncological outcomes of the groups were compared statistically. Results: We observed recurrent tumors in 25 patients (45.5%) in Group 1 and 11 patients (21.6%) in Group 2. Additionally, we observed tumor progression in eight patients (14.5%) in Group 1 and two patients (3.9%) in Group 2. We observed statistical significance in differences between groups regarding tumor size, recurrence rate, adequate muscle tissue sampling, ability for complete resection, and persistent obturator reflex. The efficacy rate of obturator blockade was 92.1% in Group 2. One-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) was 98.0% and 5-year RFS was 23.5% for Group 1, while for Group 2, they were 97.4% and 57.2%, respectively. Conclusion: The obturator reflex is a common and challenging reflex that may cause major complications and result in unintended consequences, such as incomplete resection or tumor recurrence with transurethral resection of bladder tumors. In this study, we demonstrated that combining spinal anesthesia with obturator nerve blockade for lateral wall localized non-muscle invasive bladder cancer may prevent tumor recurrence and reduce peroperative complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We planned to investigate the value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting prostate cancer (PCa). Materials and Methods: We enrolled 302 male patients who underwent prostate biopsy between January 2013 and June 2018. We recorded anthropometric indices, demographic parameters, physical examination, laboratory values, in addition to results of radiologic imaging and pathological examination. The patients were divided into two groups as patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and those with PCa. We investigated the association of NLR and PLR with histopathology. Results: The mean age of the patients was 66.2±8.2 years. Patients with prostate adenocarcinoma were older, had higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations, neutrophil count, and had lower hemoglobin, platelet count and prostate volume (PV) compared to patients with BPH. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified that NLR values above 2.43 indicated 1.68 fold (95% CI: 1.06-2.66; p=0.028) higher risk for prostate adenocarcinoma. NLR correlated positively with age, and PSA, negatively with hemoglobin and platelet count. NLR and PV were the independent predictors of biopsy histopathology. Conclusion: We demonstrated that NLR is independently associated with PCa in patients undergoing prostatic biopsy due to high PSA levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]