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Copyright of Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gazi Medical Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, side-effects and continuation rate of the desogestrel-progestin-only-pill (POP) in postpartum and post-abortive Turkish women and its relation with breast-feeding. Material and Methods: In this prospective multicentric study women who delivered (or had surgical abortion) and wanted to receive POP for contraception were recruited to the study. The follow-up visits were scheduled at the third, sixth and ninth months. Results: Overall A total of 7,468 women (66.5% postpartum, 33.5% post-abortive) participated in the study. The number of women who attended follow-up visits in relation to the previous visit at the third, sixth and ninth months was 944/7,468 (12.6%), 406/944 (43%) and 121/406 (29.8%) respectively. The incidence of breastfeeding at all visits was between 54.8% and 68.4%. Out of the 7,468 women recruited only 6% continued with the method at the end of the ninth month. There was a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin level at the third month compared to initial values. Oligomenorrhea, spotting and headache were the three leading side-effects. There was no pregnancy among the patients who were followed up. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that POP was an effective postpartum and post-abortive contraceptive method that had no negative impact on breast-feeding. A change in bleeding patterns was the most common side-effect. However, the possible causes of low contraceptive maintenance rates need to be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are characterized by somatic and psychologic symptoms that arise at the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and subside with menstruation. For definitive diagnosis prospectively self-reported symptoms should demonstrate a cyclic pattern and other psychological pathologies and thyroid dysfunction, that may present with similar symptoms, should be excluded. Both entities affect millions of women at reproductive age as the prevalence of PMS is given as 10-98% while PMDD affects 2-8%. Sex steroids and neurotransmitters have a central role in the etiology. The role of vitamins and minerals in the etiology and treatment of PMS and PMDD is open to discussion. Drugs that suppress ovarian sex steroid production, such as combined oral contraceptives or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors enhancing central serotonin delivery are used for treatment. Life-style changes and regular exercise also have a positive effect in milder cases. Tricyclic antidepressants and gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues can be used in selected cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the effect of maternal body mass index (BMI) on the success of labor induction with a cervical ripening double-balloon catheter and maternal pain perception during the catheter insertion process. Methods: This observational study included 103 women with singleton pregnancies, who underwent labor induction with a double-balloon catheter at =39 weeks of gestation for obstetric indications. The study population was divided into two groups according to the BMI (group 1 <30 kg/m2 and group 2 =30 kg/m2). The two groups were compared in terms of their clinical characteristics, labor outcomes, cesarean delivery rate, delivery rate within 24 hours of insertion, and maternal pain perception during catheter insertion. Results: The two BMI groups showed no significant differences in the cesarean delivery rate (31.5% vs. 42.9%), the delivery rate within 24 hours of labor induction (85.2% vs. 81.6%), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score (4.8±2.9 vs. 4.6±2.5) (p>0.05). The cesarean delivery rate was 19.6% in multiparous women and 57.4% in nulliparous women (p<0.001). The median Bishop scores upon admission and at the time of balloon expulsion were higher in women who delivered vaginally than in those who underwent cesarean sections [4 (1-5) vs. 2 (1-5) and 7 (4- 11) vs. 6 (2-8), respectively, p<0.001]. The VAS scores recorded during double-balloon catheter insertion (4.8±2.9 vs. 4.6±2, p=0.772) were also similar in both groups. Conclusion: Maternal BMI did not affect the success of labor induction with a cervical ripening double-balloon catheter. Parity and Bishop scores were the factors influencing labor induction success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The prevalence of obesity and overweight are increasing and have become an epidemic worldwide. Obesity has detrimental influences on all systems, including reproductive health. The prevalence of obesity in infertile women is high, and it is well known that there is an association between obesity and infertility. The relationship between obesity and reproductive functions is still being explored. Overweight women have a higher incidence of menstrual dysfunction and anovulation. Overweight and obese women are at a high risk for reproductive health. The risk of subfecundity and infertility, conception rates, miscarriage rates, and pregnancy complications are increased in these women. They have poor reproductive outcomes in natural as well as assisted conception. These poor reproductive outcomes include assisted reproduction such as ovulation induction, in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI), and ovum donation cycles. Weight loss has beneficial effects on the reproductive outcomes in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine if body mass index has an effect on the outcome of in vitro fertilization in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Material and Methods: The study included 337 cycles. Patients were stratified into the following 3 groups: normal weight, overweight, and obese. The primary outcome measures were response to ovarian hyperstimulation, the fertilization rate, the implantation rate, and the clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates. Results: Total gonadotropin consumption increased, and the number of retrieved oocytes decreased as the body mass index increased. The implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were similar in all 3 groups. In response to the mid-luteal long protocol, the cycle cancellation rate was lower and the number of retrieved oocytes was higher in the overweight and obese groups, as compared to the antagonist protocol. Conclusion: The body mass index did not affect the outcome of in vitro fertilization in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Additional research is required to better understand the role of stimulation protocols on the cycle outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy of reproductive-aged women that manifests itself with a variety of features. For this reason, three different diagnostic criteria have been introduced. For adults, the National Institutes of Health Conference (NIH) criteria, which consists of hyperandrogenism and oligo-anovulation, is the most widely used. Symptoms of PCOS usually start with puberty and may overlap with normal pubertal development. Hormonal fluctuations during this period make the diagnosis of PCOS more difficult. Until now, there is no validated diagnostic criteria for PCOS in adolescents. Although menstrual disorders and cosmetic problems are the most common complaints of adolescents with PCOS, patients should also be evaluated for the potential risk for insulin resistance, obesity, subclinical atherosclerosis, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Obesity is the most prominent predictor of metabolic syndrome. As the incidence of obesity is increasing both in childhood and adolescence, governments will be faced with a social and economic burden in the future. Adolescents with PCOS are more obese than normal adolescents and have an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. It is suggested that abdominal adiposity increases the risk of metabolic syndrome by inducing various cytokine secretions. Although there is no consensus on metabolic syndrome criteria in the adolescent period, International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria may be used for children older than 10 years. Various clinical and metabolic markers are investigated for the prediction of metabolic syndrome in the literature. Waist circumference, serum triglycerides and androgens are the suspected predictors of metabolic syndrome. The prevention of abdominal adiposity and the early diagnosis of PCOS in adolescence should be the main target for the prevention of metabolic syndrome. Clinicians should investigate adolescents with PCOS for metabolic and cardiovascular risks and take preventive action. A Mediterranean diet, low in fat and high in fruits and vegetables, along with moderate-intensity exercise and smoking cessation are the recommended interventions for especially obese adolescents with PCOS. Metformin may be the treatment of choice when lifestyle modifications are ineffective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and health quality profile differences between infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes and women with unexplained infertility. Material and Methods: The WHOQOL-BREF were administered in a cross-sectional survey to 132 women diagnosed with PCOS (study group) and 32 women diagnosed with unexplained infertility (control group). Body mass index (BMI), duration of infertility (DOI), type of infertility (TOI) and Ferriman Gallwey scores (FG scores), were compared between the study and control groups and between different phenotype groups of PCOS: Group 1-Hyperandrogenemia (HA)- anovulation (N=34), Group 2-HA-PCO (ovulatory PCOS, (N=34), Group 3-PCO-anovulation (N=32), and Group 4-HA-PCO-anovulation (N=32) and the associations of these parameters with the health quality profile were analyzed. Results: Physical, Spiritual and Environmental scores were significantly lower (p<0.05) in Group 1 patients (HA-AO) in comparison to the other three PCOS groups and the control group, while the same difference was observed in the social scores with a near significance (p=0.05). Linear regeression analyses revealed significant associations between type of infertility (beta coefficient: -0.423, p=0.001), FG score (beta coefficient: -0.177, p=0.016), phenotype 1 (beta coefficient: -0.236, p=0.002) and physical scores. Psychological scores were associated with the type (beta coefficient: -0.641, p=0.001) and duration (beta coefficient: -0.149, p=0.009) of infertility. Scores in the social area were only associated with type of infertility (beta coefficient: -0.443, p=0.001). Scores of environmental area were significantly associated again with the type of infertility (beta coefficient: -0.499, p=0.001) and FG scores (beta coefficient: -0.195, p=0.008). Primary infertility was a risk factor for low physical (odds ratio: 8.100, 95% CI: 3.827-17.142), social (odds ratio: 9.183, 95% CI: 4.084-20.648) and environmental (odds ratio: 9.966, 95% CI: 4.623-21.468) scores determined according to the median level. Conclusion: FG scores, primary infertility and phenotype 1 PCOS were associated with lower health quality of life scores. Infertile women with Phenotype 1 (HA-AO) had the lowest scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]