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Introduction Recently, some centers have used extubation during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to eliminate barotrauma and volutrauma as a lung rest strategy. This study aims to demonstrate the use of extubation during ECMO in children. Methods This retrospective study was conducted from January 1, 2015, to April 1, 2023, in our pediatric intensive care unit. Results In this study, we presented six cases that were extubated during ECMO support. In addition, we followed 130 pediatric patients on ECMO in the same period. Two patients were primarily diagnosed with cardiomyopathy, one with myocarditis, two with congenital heart defect, and one with necrotizing pneumonia. The median age of patients was 99 (interquartile range 25-75) (16.5-192) months, and all were male. Venoarterial ECMO was connected to 4 patients, and venovenous ECMO was connected to 2 patients. Six patients were extubated during ECMO on the 5th, 12th, 3rd, 4th, 3rd and 14th days of their treatment, respectively. While the patients were extubated, three of them were supported by biphasic positive airway pressure, one was supported by nasal continuous positive airway pressure, and two were provided with supplementary oxygen. Three patients were extubated under ECMO and discharged. Conclusion The risk of mechanical ventilation related complications such as volutrauma and barotrauma could minimized in patients extubated under ECMO. In addition, sedatives, analgesics, and muscle relaxant related complications such as delirium, muscle weakness, or prolonged ventilation could reduced via awake ECMO. Keywords:Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, extubation, mechanical ventilation, child: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate respiratory parameters during percutaneous internal ring suturing (PIRS) for inguinal hernia repair in two different-aged pediatric patients in whom the airway is provided with a laryngeal mask or endotracheal tube for general anaesthesia. Methods: After local ethics committee and parental consent, 180 ASAI-II children were randomly allocated to 4 groups; according to their age (0-24 months / 25-144 months) and airway device laryngeal mask (LMA) / endotracheal tube (ETT) used for general anaesthesia (45 children each) for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Standard anaesthesia induction was done with lidocaine, propofol, and fentanyl, and 0.6 mg kg-1 rocuronium was added to the ETT groups. Sevoflurane is used for maintenance. Hemodynamic parameters, peak airway pressure, end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2), and peripheric oxygen saturation (SpO2) values were recorded after induction, before, and during pneumoperitoneum. The duration of anaesthesia, surgery, recovery time, and surgical satisfaction was recorded. Airway complications (cough, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, desaturation, and aspiration) were recorded. Results: Hundred and eighty patients (45 in each group) were analyzed. Duration of surgery and surgical satisfaction were similar in all groups. Duration of anaesthesia and recovery times were significantly shorter in the LMA groups. Peak airway pressure and EtCO2 levels were significantly lower in the LMA groups. Rare airway complications were observed without significance. Conclusion: In laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with the PIRS technique, LMA offered comparable operating conditions and surgical satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: As the application of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) has a high risk for infection transmission, it is recommended to postpone elective FB procedures during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected pediatric FB implementation. Materials and Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent FB from March 11, 2015, to September 11, 2020, were examined retrospectively. Records of the post-COVID-19 period (March 11, 2020, to September 11, 2020) were compared with records of pre-COVID-19 (consists of each six-month time window from March 11 to September 11 of each year from 2015 to 2019) period in terms of hospitalization status of the patients, with numbers and indications of FB. Some additional measures were taken during the FB procedure in the post-COVID-19 period. A number of health workers infected during FB procedures in the post-COVID-19 period were reviewed. Results: Of the total of 182 procedures, the least FB was performed in the post-COVID-19 period (34, 30, 36, 36, 25, and 21 procedures respectively from 2015 to 2020). While microbiological sampling with bronchoalveolar lavage was the most common indication in the post-COVID-19 period, atelectasis was leading in the pre-COVID-19 period (p<0.001). In the post-COVID-19 period, most of the patients were inpatients while outpatient predominance was determined in the pre-COVID-19 period (p<0.001). None of the health workers was infected during the FB procedure. Conclusion: Postponing elective FB procedures decreased the numbers and affected the indications of procedures during the COVID-19 era. Taking additional measures is of great importance and effective to prevent transmission of infection during FB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine / Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine / Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine / Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine / Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)