Search

Objectives: To identify the prevalence of findings in optical coherence tomography (OCT) sections before intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), and to evaluate the relationship between these findings and final visual acuity and number of injections., Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 296 eyes of 191 patients (104 male, 87 female) who started intravitreal ranibizumab treatment after being diagnosed with DME in the retina unit between January 2013 and April 2017 were included the study. Spectral domain OCT findings at the time of presentation such as presence of serous macular detachment (SD), vitreomacular traction (VMT), and epiretinal membrane (ERM) were recorded. In addition, the regularity of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) and inner retinal layers was also studied., Results: The mean central retinal thickness measured in SD-OCT was 449±81 μm before treatment and 350±96 μm after treatment (p<0.001). SD was detected in 155 eyes (52.4%), ERM in 67 eyes (22.6%), and VMT in 9 eyes (3%). Thirty eyes (10.1%) had disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL) and 54 eyes (18.2%) had EZ deterioration. The presence of ERM, EZ irregularity, and DRIL were associated with significantly lower final visual acuity (p<0.0001), while there was no relationship between pre-treatment SD and final visual acuity (p=0.11). Injection number was higher in eyes with SD and ERM compared to those without, but this difference was statistically significant only in the presence of SD (p=0.01 and p=0.59, respectively). There was no difference in injection number according to EZ irregularity or presence of DRIL., Conclusion: The coexistence of SD with DME was associated with increased need for treatment but not with final visual acuity. EZ irregularities, DRIL, and ERM are findings that negatively affect visual acuity.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between optical coherence tomography (OCT) signal strength (SS) and visual acuity in patients with posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and evaluate the effect of PCO on retinal thickness measurements., Materials and Methods: Forty-one eyes of 35 patients who were diagnosed with PCO were included in the study. Patients with any anterior or posterior segment pathology other than PCO were excluded. After ophthalmologic examination, pupil dilation was induced using 0.5% tropicamide and OCT images were acquired. The assessment was repeated 1 month after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy and postoperative values were compared with baseline values., Results: The patients’ mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.28±0.13 preoperatively and 0.78±0.09 postoperatively (p<0.0001). Strong positive correlations were observed between BCVA and SS both pre- and postoperatively (p<0.0001 and p=0.01, respectively). Central retinal thickness (CRT) and SS increased significantly postoperatively (p<0.0001 for both). OCT SS and CRT were strongly correlated preoperatively (p=0.001) but not postoperatively (p=0.46)., Conclusion: OCT SS correlates with visual acuity in patients with PCO, and PCO can affect the accuracy of objective data obtained with OCT.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dry eye symptoms among lecturers., Materials and Methods: The study included 254 lecturers employed at Mersin University. The lecturers were selected by simple random sampling from lists obtained from the personnel department. Data were obtained between November 15 and December 15, 2017 using a questionnaire developed by the researchers and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, Student’s t-test, ANOVA, and correlation tests with the SPSS package program., Results: Of the lecturers who participated in the study, 52.8% were male and 47.2% were female, and the mean age was 39.29±9.41 years. According to OSDI scores, 20.5% of the participants had mild, 15% had moderate, and 36.5% had severe disease. There were significant differences in mean OSDI score based on sex (p<0.001), alcohol use (p=0.01), continuous drug use (p=0.03), wearing glasses (p=0.04), history of dry eye (p<0.001), and presence of dry eye symptoms (p<0.001). There were also significant differences between the OSDI score categories in terms of sex (p<0.001), smoking status (p=0.04), wearing glasses (p=0.03), history of dry eye (p<0.001), and presence of dry eye symptoms. The only factor significantly correlated with OSDI score was daily duration of computer usage (p=0.009)., Conclusion: Our study showed that a substantial proportion of lecturers experience dry eye symptoms, and OSDI scores were associated with daily duration of computer use. Determining the factors associated with dry eye is important for the planning of preventive interventions.

A three-year-old male patient was admitted to the clinic with proptosis in his right eye. He had a history of fever with an unknown etiology. In examination, right proptosis was observed and an immobile mass was palpated at the lateral wall of the right orbita. Eye movement was unrestricted in all directions and anterior and posterior segment examination was normal in both eyes. On computed tomography, diffuse bone destruction and expansion was observed in the right orbital lateral wall and other cranial bones. Langerhans cell histiocytosis was diagnosed by bone biopsy. Malignancy is an important cause of proptosis in childhood. Pediatric patients who are admitted to clinic with proptosis should be carefully examined and Langerhans cell histiocytosis should also be considered as an etiology., Competing Interests: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Financial Disclosure: The authors declared that this study received no financial support.

A 68-year-old woman with a history of multiple myeloma presented to the clinic with pain and vision loss in her right eye. Proptosis was observed in her right eye and eye movements were restricted in all directions. Best corrected visual acuity was 3/10 in her right eye. On biomicroscopic examination, hyperemia and subconjunctival hemorrhage were present. Fundus examination of the right eye revealed optic disc edema and choroidal folds. In magnetic resonance imaging two orbital masses were detected. Based on the patient's history and ocular examination, we evaluated the masses as orbital metastasis of multiple myeloma. Palliative radiotherapy was recommended., Competing Interests: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Financial Disclosure: The authors declared that this study received no financial support.

Three patients were admitted to our clinic with symptoms of conjunctivitis. On ocular examination, moving larvae were seen in the conjunctival sac. All of the larvae were immobilized by topical cyclopentolate and removed mechanically under topical anesthesia. The patients healed without any complications after the treatment. Physicians should consider ophthalmomyiasis externa in patients presenting with similar symptoms, especially in areas with high numbers of livestock. Otherwise the diagnosis can be missed., Competing Interests: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Financial Disclosure: The authors declared that this study received no financial support.