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Loess is a kind of Quaternary loose deposits. There are many primary and secondary pores and cracks in the loess, which provide preferential channels for water to enter the soil and form preferential infiltration phenomenon. This water movement mode is called preferential flow. The existence of preferential infiltration and preferential flow is one of the main causes of landslide and other loess geological disasters, so it is necessary to study the phenomenon of preferential infiltration. Based on the discussion of the classification of loess dominant structural planes by previous scholars, this paper puts forward the classification method of loess preferential channels, then discusses the preferential flow classification of domestic and foreign scholars and the main research methods, and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages. This paper summarizes the main infiltration models of the current preferential flow and the characteristics of the governing equations representing the models, analyzes and discusses the deficiency of present research and the development direction in the future at the end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]