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5. Editorial: The Mechanisms Underlying the Human Minimal Self

Author

Hafner, Verena, Hommel, Bernhard, Kayhan, Ezgi, Lee, Dongheui, Paulus, Markus, and Verschoor, Stephan

Subjects
minimal self, robotics, cognition, self, humanoids, Psychology, agents, ddc:004, 004 Informatik, General Psychology, ddc
Published
2022

15. The joint Simon effect depends on perceived agency, but not intentionality, of the alternative action

Author

Stenzel, Anna, Dolk, Thomas, Colzato, Lorenza S., Sellaro, Roberta, Hommel, Bernhard, Liepelt, Roman, and Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster

Subjects
Institut für Psychologie, joint action, education, social interaction, joint Simon effect, stimulus-response compatibility, agency, social sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Mental health, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, ddc:150, Neurology, behavior and behavior mechanisms, Psychology, Original Research Article, health care economics and organizations, Biological Psychiatry, Neuroscience
Abstract

A co-actor’s intentionality has been suggested to be a key modulating factor for joint action effects like the joint Simon effect (JSE). However, in previous studies intentionality has often been confounded with agency defined as perceiving the initiator of an action as being the causal source of the action. The aim of the present study was to disentangle the role of agency and intentionality as modulating factors of the JSE. In Experiment 1, participants performed a joint go/nogo Simon task next to a co-actor who either intentionally controlled a response button with own finger movements (agency+/intentionality+) or who passively placed the hand on a response button that moved up and down on its own as triggered by computer signals (agency-/intentionality-). In Experiment 2, we included a condition in which participants believed that the co-actor intentionally controlled the response button with a Brain-Computer Interface while placing the response finger clearly besides the response button, so that the causal relationship between agent and action effect was perceptually disrupted (agency-/intentionality+). As a control condition, the response button was computer controlled while the co-actor placed the response finger besides the response button (agency-/intentionality-). We observed a JSE when the co-actor responded intentionally and the causal relationship between co-actor and action effect could be perceived, but not when the co-actor did not respond intentionally and the causal relationship was disrupted (Experiment 1). When the intentionality of the co-actor was maintained but the perception of the causal relationship between co-actor and action effect destroyed, the JSE was absent (Experiment 2). Our findings clearly indicate a vital role of a co-actor’s agency for the JSE and suggest that the ascription of agency is strongly perceptually grounded.

Published
2014
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