1. A longitudinal analysis of humoral, T cellular response and influencing factors in a cohort of healthcare workers: Implications for personalized SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies
- Author
-
Eleonora Sabetta, Maddalena Noviello, Clara Sciorati, Marco Viganò, Rebecca De Lorenzo, Valeria Beretta, Veronica Valtolina, Chiara Di Resta, Giuseppe Banfi, Davide Ferrari, Massimo Locatelli, Fabio Ciceri, Chiara Bonini, Patrizia Rovere-Querini, and Rossella Tomaiuolo
- Subjects
Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy - Abstract
IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations elicit both virus-specific humoral and T-cell responses, but a complex interplay of different influencing factors, such as natural immunity, gender, and age, guarantees host protection. The present study aims to assess the immune dynamics of humoral, T-cell response, and influencing factors to stratify individual immunization status up to 10 months after Comirnaty-vaccine administration.MethodsTo this aim, we longitudinally evaluated the magnitude and kinetics of both humoral and T-cell responses by serological tests and enzyme-linked immunospot assay at 5 time points. Furthermore, we compared the course over time of the two branches of adaptive immunity to establish an eventual correlation between adaptive responses. Lastly, we evaluated putative influencing factors collected by an anonymized survey administered to all participants through multiparametric analysis. Among 984 healthcare workers evaluated for humoral immunity, 107 individuals were further analyzed to describe SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses. Participants were divided into 4 age groups: ResultsThe disaggregated evaluation of humoral responses highlighted antibody levels decreased in older subjects. The humoral responses were higher in females than in males (p=0.002) and previously virus-exposed subjects compared to naïve subjects (pDiscussionThese findings suggest prospects for rescheduling vaccination strategies by considering individual immunization status, personal characteristics, and the appropriate laboratory tests to portray immunity against SARS-CoV-2 accurately. Deepening our knowledge about T and B cell dynamics might optimize the decision-making process in vaccination campaigns, tailoring it to each specific immune response.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF