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BackgroundThe impact of dietary trace elements intake on ovarian cancer (OC) severity is unknown.ObjectiveWe firstly explore the relationship between dietary copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and copper-to-zinc (Cu/Zn) ratio and severity of OC.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 701 women from the OC follow-up study between 2015 and 2020. Dietary information was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The severity information of OC including age at diagnosis, histological type, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, and histopathologic grade was ascertained from medical records. Logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of aforementioned associations.ResultsAmong 701 participants, the number of patients age at diagnosis older than 50 were 443 (63.2%). The number of patients diagnosed as serous, III–IV stage, and poorly differentiation OC were 477 (68.05%), 336 (47.93%), and 597 (85.16%), respectively. In addition, compared with the lowest tertile intake, higher possibility of non-serous OC was associated with the pre-diagnosis dietary Cu (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.28–4.47, p trend < 0.05) and Cu/Zn ratio (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.26–3.39, P trend < 0.05) in the highest tertile intake. The risk of poorly differentiation OC at diagnosis was significant inversely related to dietary Cu intake (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.18–0.88, P trend < 0.05). Besides, the results of subgroup analyses were consistent with the main findings but not all of them showed statistical significance.ConclusionPre-diagnostic dietary Cu and Cu/Zn ratio were contributed to reducing the severity of OC at diagnosis, especially for the risk of serous OC and poorly differentiation OC.

BackgroundEpidemiological studies have provided inconsistent evidence of the association between parity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk. We conducted this first systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively and precisely quantify this topic.MethodsComprehensive searches of PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science databases were conducted to identify observational studies of the association between parity and MetS risk up to 30 January 2022. Study inclusion, data extraction, and quality assessment were checked and reviewed by two investigators independently. Random-effects models were applied to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. This study has been registered with PROSPERO.ResultsTwo high-quality cohorts and thirteen medium-quality cross-sectional studies involving 62,095 women were finally included. Compared with the nulliparous, the pooled OR of MetS for the ever parity was 1.31 (95% CI = 0.91–1.88, I2 = 72.6%, n = 3). Compared with the lowest parity number, the pooled OR of MetS for the highest parity number was 1.38 (95% CI = 1.22–1.57, I2 = 60.7%, n = 12). For the dose-response analysis, the pooled OR of MetS for each increment of one live birth was 1.12 (95% CI = 1.05–1.19, I2 = 78.6%, n = 6). These findings were robust across subgroups and sensitivity analyses. No evidence of heterogeneity between subgroups was indicated by meta-regression analyses.ConclusionThe findings suggested that parity was associated with an increased risk of MetS. A sufficient number of large prospective cohort studies are required to fully verify our findings.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42022307703].