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BackgroundCervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Radical hysterectomy is the first choice for patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Studies have suggested that acupuncture may be a more effective therapy for the prevention and treatment of urinary retention after radical hysterectomy.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture in the prevention and treatment of urinary retention after radical hysterectomy.MethodsWe searched the Cochrane library, Web of science, PubMed, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang database, Wipu database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database and ClinicalTrials.gov with the time from inception until December 2023, to collect randomized controlled studies on the clinical efficacy of acupuncture for prevention and treatment of urinary retention after radical hysterectomy. Literature meeting criteria was screened for data extraction. Quality evaluation was performed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. And meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.3 and stata14.0 software.Results22 Randomized controlled trials with 1,563 patients, 854 in treatment group and 709 in control group, were included totally. Meta-analysis results showed that: the total effective rate in acupuncture group was higher than that in control group, with a statistically significant difference [relative risk (RR)] = 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI 1.22, 1.68), p

The objectives of this study was to evaluate the effects of background color and restoration depth on color adjustment potential of a new single-shade resin composite versus multi-shade resin composites. Two multi-shade resin composites (Spectrum TPH3 and Clearfil AP-X) marked A2 shade and a new single-shade resin composite (Charisma Diamond One) were tested. Four base shades (A1, A2, A3, and A3.5) of the same resin composite (Filtek Z250) were selected as different background colors. Dual specimens with 1-, 2-, and 3-mm restoration depth and single specimens of all materials were fabricated. CIE color coordinates were measured using a spectrophotometer, then color differences (∆E00) and translucency parameter (TP00) were calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula. Independent observers performed visual scoring. CAP-I and CAP-V values were calculated according to ΔE00 and visual scoring. The results revealed that CAP-I and CAP-V were significantly affected by resin composite type, background color, and restoration depth. CAP-I and CAP-V decreased as restoration depth increased at the same background color for all materials. Charisma Diamond One had the highest CAP-I and CAP-V values at all background colors and restoration depths, with the highest TP00 value. These findings demonstrated that color adjustment potential was dependent on resin composite type, background color, and restoration depth, so shade selection is indispensable for multi-shade resin composites. Charisma Diamond One exhibited the highest color adjustment potential and the most pronounced color shifting, contributing to simplifying the process of shade selection and improving the efficiency of clinical work.

ObjectiveTo improve the bioavailability of active substances and reduce the toxic and side effects on the human body, natural biological macromolecules are used to load active substances and control their release speed in different environments of the human body. In this study, mesoporous silica (MSN) was combined with konjac glucomannan (KGM) and sodium alginate (AC) to prepare pH-sensitive konjac glucomannan/sodium alginate–mesoporous silica loaded naringin gel spheres (KS/MSN). On this basis, the structure, morphology, and release properties of the composite gel spheres were characterized. The results showed that the cumulative release rates of both simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and Simulated colonic fluid (SCF) were lower than that of simulated small intestinal fluid (SIF), which indicated that the prepared composite gel spheres were pH-sensitive to SIF and obtained the best release rate of about 70% under SIF environment.MethodsThe pH-sensitive konjac glucomannan/sodium alginate composite gel spheres (KGM/SA) were prepared by combining inorganic nano-materials mesoporous silica (MSN) with natural macromolecular polysaccharides konjac glucomannan (KGM) and sodium alginate (SA) and characterized.ResultsThe results showed that there was a process of ionic crosslinking and entanglement between konjac glucomannan (KGM) and sodium alginate (SA). Naringin (NG) and mesoporous silica (MSN) were successfully compounded and had good compatibility. The gel microstructure diagram showed that the addition of MSN improved the gel properties of KGM, and KGM and SA gel spheres (KGM/SA) had good compatibility with mesoporous silica/naringenin nanoparticles (NG/MSN). The study of the simulated digestive environment of the gastrointestinal release medium showed that Konjac glucomannan/sodium alginate-mesoporous silica loaded naringin gel spheres (KS/NM) composite gel spheres had the best slow-release effect and the highest final-release completion degree in SIF. The release of NG from KS/NM composite gel spheres showed a slow upward trend. The results showed that KS/NM composite gel spheres were pH-sensitive.ConclusionThe KS/NM composite gel spheres showed obvious pH sensitivity to the release of NG, and the gel spheres had a good sustained release effect on NG.

BackgroundTo explore the relationship between unexplained chest pain in children and head-up tilt test (HUTT).Materials and MethodsA total of 825 children with the main symptom of unexplained chest pain were admitted to the Specialist Outpatient Clinic of Children’s Cardiovascular Disease from October 2000 to November 2021 at The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University. Among them, 473 were male and 352 were female, with a mean age of 10.61 ± 2.21 years. The control group included 58 cases, comprising 35 males and 23 females, with a mean age of 10.26 ± 2.66 years. The detailed history, physical examinations, conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, echocardiography, myocardial enzymes, electroencephalogram, and blood series were all examined. Disorders of the chest wall, lung, heart, mediastinum, and esophageal reflux, as well as drug effects, were ruled out. All the children underwent HUTT. Demographic description, univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the possible linear or non-linear relationships between the children’s unexplained chest pain and HUTT.ResultsAmong the 825 chest pain cases, 301 (36.48%) were HUTT positive and 524 (63.52%) were HUTT negative. HUTT-positive patients were older than HUTT-negative patients (11.04 ± 2.03 vs. 10.34 ± 2.31 years, P < 0.001). The logistic regression results showed that each year of age increased the probability of being HUTT positive by 17.90% (P < 0.000), and females were 91.30% more likely to be HUTT positive than males (P < 0.000).ConclusionClinically unexplained chest pain in children is mainly caused by unbalanced autonomic nervous function. HUTT can help clear the cause of unexplained chest pain.

Objective: Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. This study aimed to analyze the burden and 30-year trends of ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in China.Methods: Data that include incidence and mortality of stroke in China from January 1, 1990 to December 31, 2019 were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. The absolute numbers of incident cases and deaths over the time, and age-standardized rates per 100,000, such as age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), were analyzed.Results: In 2019, there were 3.9 (95% uncertainty intervals (UI) 3.4–4.5) million incident cases and 2.1 (3.4–4.5) million deaths related to stroke in China. The ASIR and ASMR of stroke in China was 200 (176–230) and 127 (110–144). From 1990 to 2019, the ASIR of ischemic stroke had increased by 35.0% (29.0–40.0) while the ASIR of ICH and SAH had decreased by −53.0% (−56.0 to −50.0) and by −39.0% (−44.0 to −35.0), respectively. The ASMR of ischemic stroke had increased by 3.0% (−26.0 to 16.0) while the ASMR of ICH and SAH had decreased by −48.0% (−59.0 to −38.0) and by −84.0% (−89.0 to −69.0), respectively.Conclusion: Although the incidence and mortality rates of stroke in China were decreased from 1990 to 2019, the number of incident cases and deaths nearly doubled. A sharp increase in the incidence rate of ischemic stroke was observed. A higher incidence rate of ischemic stroke in the women was also observed.

Background: Early shunt obstruction (SO) remains the most common cause of lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) failure. Although there is anecdotal evidence that the level of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters might affect shunt performance, its association with early LPS obstruction in adults with post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) is unclear.Methods: The retrospective study was performed by reviewing the adults with PHH treated by LPS from years 2014 to 2018. We included patients with CSF samples analyzed within 1 week prior to shunt insertion or at the time of shunt insertion. Baseline characteristics of each patient were collected. The primary outcomes were the incidence rate and associated factors of SO occurring within 3 months of shunt placement. The secondary outcomes included scores on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Evans Index at discharge.Results: A total of 76 eligible patients were analyzed, of whom 61 were obstruction-free and 15 were early SO. The overall rate of early SO was 15.6%. The RBCs count and nucleated cells count in preoperative CSF were actually higher in patients with early SO, compared to patients in the control group. Multivariate analysis identified RBC elevation (>0 × 106/L; OR: 10.629, 95% CI: 1.238–91.224, p = 0.031) as a dependent risk factor for early SO. NIHSS dramatically decreased at discharge while the alteration of ventricular size was not observed.Conclusions: This study suggested that the presence of RBCs in preoperative CSF was associated with early SO in patients with PHH treated by LPS.

NKT cells are CD1d-restricted innate-like T cells expressing both T cell receptor and NK cell markers. The major group of NKT cells in both human and mice is the invariant NKT (iNKT) cells and the best-known function of iNKT cells is their potent anti-tumor function in mice. Since its discovery 25 years ago, the prototype ligand of iNKT cells, α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) has been used in over 30 anti-tumor clinical trials with mostly suboptimal outcomes. To realize its therapeutic potential, numerous preclinical models have been developed to optimize the scheme and strategies for α-GalCer-based cancer immunotherapies. Nevertheless, since there is no standard protocol for α-GalCer delivery, we reviewed the preclinical studies with a focus on B16 melanoma model in the goal of identifying the best treatment schemes for α-GalCer treatment. We then reviewed the current progress in developing more clinically relevant mouse models for these preclinical studies, most notably the generation of new mouse models with a humanized CD1d/iNKT cell system. With ever-emerging novel iNKT cell ligands, invention of novel α-GalCer delivery strategies and significantly improved preclinical models for optimizing these new strategies, one can be hopeful that the full potential of anti-tumor potential for α-GalCer will be realized in the not too distant future.

The right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) has been thought to be associated with the difference in self-other decision making. In the present study, using noninvasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), we examined whether stimulating the rTPJ could modulate the self-other decision-making difference. We found that after receiving anodal stimulation of the rTPJ, participants were more likely to choose a high-value item for others than for themselves in the situations where the win probability of the high-value item was equal to or greater than that of a low-value item, indicating that elevating the cortical excitability of the rTPJ might increase the self-other decision-making difference in certain decision contexts. Our results suggest that decision making for others depends on neural activity in the rTPJ and regulation of the excitability of the rTPJ can influence the self-other decision-making difference.

The intelligent wearable sensors promote the transformation of the health care from a traditional hospital-centered model to a personal portable device-centered model. There is an urgent need of real-time, multi-functional, and personalized monitoring of various biochemical target substances and signals based on the intelligent wearable sensors for health monitoring, especially wound healing. Under this background, this review article first reviews the outstanding progress in the development of intelligent, wearable sensors designed for continuous, real-time analysis, and monitoring of sweat, blood, interstitial fluid, tears, wound fluid, etc. Second, this paper reports the advanced status of intelligent wound monitoring sensors designed for wound diagnosis and treatment. The paper highlights some smart sensors to monitor target analytes in various wounds. Finally, this paper makes conservative recommendations regarding future development of intelligent wearable sensors.