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PurposeHaemodynamic management is essential in sepsis management. Invasive blood pressure (IBP) monitoring is the gold standard for blood pressure (BP) assessment. Here, we identified the most advantageous time frame for IBP monitoring to mitigate adverse outcomes in patients with sepsis.MethodsWe included data on patients with sepsis from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. The primary endpoints comprised 28-and 90-day mortality rates, whereas secondary endpoints were acute kidney injury (AKI) rates and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) requirement. To confirm our findings’ robustness, we performed multivariable Cox regression and logistic regression models, augmented by propensity score matching (PSM).ResultsOf 18,326 patients hospitalised for sepsis, 9,056 (49.42%) and 9,270 (50.58%) were included in the early and delayed IBP-monitoring groups, respectively. Our multivariable Cox regression models revealed 20 and 21% significant increases in 28-and 90-day mortality in the delayed IBP monitoring group, respectively [hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) = 1.20 (1.11–1.31) and 1.21 (1.12–1.31), respectively; both p

Diversifying cultivation management, including different crop rotation patterns and soil amendment, are effective strategies for alleviating the obstacles of continuous cropping in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). However, the peanut yield enhancement effect and temporal changes in soil chemical properties and microbial activities in response to differential multi-year crop rotation patterns and soil amendment remain unclear. In the present study, a multi-year localization experiment with the consecutive application of five different cultivation managements (including rotation with different crops under the presence or absence of external quicklime as soil amendment) was conducted to investigate the dynamic changes in peanut nutrient uptake and yield status, soil chemical property, microbial community composition and function. Peanut continuous cropping led to a reduction in peanut yield, while green manure-peanut rotation and wheat-maize-peanut rotation increased peanut yield by 40.59 and 81.95%, respectively. A combination of quicklime application increased yield by a further 28.76 and 24.34%. Alterations in cultivation management also strongly affected the soil pH, nutrient content, and composition and function of the microbial community. The fungal community was more sensitive than the bacterial community to cultivation pattern shift. Variation in bacterial community was mainly attributed to soil organic carbon, pH and calcium content, while variation in fungal community was more closely related to soil phosphorus content. Wheat-maize-peanut rotation combined with quicklime application effectively modifies the soil acidification environment, improves the soil fertility, reshapes the composition of beneficial and harmful microbial communities, thereby improving soil health, promoting peanut development, and alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacles. We concluded that wheat-maize-peanut rotation in combination with quicklime application was the effective practice to improve the soil fertility and change the composition of potentially beneficial and pathogenic microbial communities in the soil, which is strongly beneficial for building a healthy soil micro-ecology, promoting the growth and development of peanut, and reducing the harm caused by continuous cropping obstacles to peanut.

The exploration of the next-generation small diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) will never stop until they possess high biocompatibility and patency comparable to autologous native blood vessels. Integrating biocompatible electrospinning (ES) matrices with highly bioactive stem cells (SCs) provides a rational and promising solution. ES is a simple, fast, flexible and universal technology to prepare extracellular matrix-like fibrous scaffolds in large scale, while SCs are valuable, multifunctional and favorable seed cells with special characteristics for the emerging field of cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Both ES matrices and SCs are advanced resources with medical application prospects, and the combination may share their advantages to drive the overcoming of the long-lasting hurdles in SDVG field. In this review, the advances on SDVGs based on ES matrices and SCs (including pluripotent SCs, multipotent SCs, and unipotent SCs) are sorted out, and current challenges and future prospects are discussed.

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil crop globally because of its high edible and economic value. However, its yield and quality are often restricted by certain soil factors, especially nitrogen (N) deficiency, and soil compaction. To explore the molecular mechanisms and metabolic basis behind the peanut response to N deficiency and soil compaction stresses, transcriptome and metabolome analyses of peanut root were carried out. The results showed that N deficiency and soil compaction stresses clearly impaired the growth and development of peanut's aboveground and underground parts, as well as its root nodulation. A total of 18645 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 875 known differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified in peanut root under differing soil compaction and N conditions. The transcriptome analysis revealed that DEGs related to N deficiency were mainly enriched in “amino acid metabolism”, “starch and sucrose metabolism”, and “TCA cycle” pathways, while DEGs related to soil compaction were mainly enriched in “oxidoreductase activity”, “lipids metabolism”, and “isoflavonoid biosynthesis” pathways. The metabolome analysis also showed significant differences in the accumulation of metabolisms in these pathways under different stress conditions. Then the involvement of genes and metabolites in pathways of “amino acid metabolism”, “TCA cycle”, “lipids metabolism”, and “isoflavonoid biosynthesis” under different soil compaction and N deficiency stresses were well discussed. This integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis study enhances our mechanistic knowledge of how peanut plants respond to N deficiency and soil compaction stresses. Moreover, it provides new leads to further investigate candidate functional genes and metabolic pathways for use in improving the adaptability of peanut to abiotic stress and accelerating its breeding process of new stress-resistant varieties.

This paper discusses the impact of air pollution on medical expenditure in eastern, central, and western China by applying the fixed-effect model, random-effect model, and panel threshold regression model. According to theoretical and empirical analyses, there are different relationships between the two indexes in different regions of China. For eastern and central regions, it is obvious that the more serious the air pollution is, the more medical expenses there are. However, there is a non-linear single threshold effect between air pollution and health care expenditure in the western region. When air pollution is lower than this value, there is a negative correlation between them. Conversely, the health care expenditure increases with the aggravation of air pollution, but the added value is not enough to make up for the health problems caused by air pollution. The empirical results are basically consistent with the theoretical analysis, which can provide enlightenment for the government to consider the role of air pollution in medical expenditure. Policymakers should arrange the medical budget reasonably, according to its situation, to make up for the loss caused by air pollution.

Inflammasomes are large multimolecular complexes best recognized because of their ability to control activation of caspase-1, which in turn regulates the maturation of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-1 β (IL-1β). IL-1β was originally identified as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, capable of inducing local and systemic inflammation as well as a fever response reaction in response to infection or injury. Excessive production of IL-1β is related to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Both coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) are characterized by excessive inflammatory response. For SARS, there is no correlation between viral load and worsening symptoms. However, there is no specific medicine which is available to treat the disease. As an important part of medical practice, TCM showed an obvious therapeutic effect in SARS-CoV-infected patients. In this article, we summarize the current applications of TCM in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Herein, we also offer an insight into the underlying mechanisms of the therapeutic effects of TCM, as well as introduce new naturally occurring compounds with anti-coronavirus activity, in order to provide a new and potential drug development strategy for the treatment of COVID-19.