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In this second paper, which follows on from the first one, published on a previous issue of this journal (n. 26, 2), David Bell responds to the various criticism he received. Here again he focusses on the dysfunction of the Tavistock clinic GIDS (Gender Identity Development Service) service. The author considers that a very large number of children have been seriously harmed through the penetration of the "trans" ideology into child and adolescent services leading to their complex problems (such as family histories, internalized homophobia, complex comorbidity problems) being seen only through the prism of gender, thus neglecting the complexities of the intrapsychic and interpsychic nature. The paper also looks at the broader socio-cultural processes that have contributed to this phenomenon. David Bell has continued to be deeply engaged in the understanding of disturbances in gender identity in children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents some insights derived from a four-session analysis with a young man. Through clinical observations and theoretical considerations, the author sheds light on the intricate processes that unfold on the path towards integration and psychological growth. The contribution delves into clinical experiences and theoretical inquiries centered around the early phases of psychic development, which profoundly shape one’s sense of self. A notable emphasis is placed on the primal communicative bond between mother and newborn, rooted in the melodic tones of the maternal language and the harmonious exchange that emerges in the initial interactions. As the reader navigates through the narrative, he/she encounter various themes: the challenges of integration, the anxieties of non-integration, the internal dynamics revolving around Oedipal issues, the interplay of aggressive and sexual impulses, and the intricate complexities of transference and countertransference. Ultimately, the author raises thought-provoking questions about the analyst’s role in tolerating and facilitating the process of psychic elaboration as the analysis nears its conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes as its focus the massive increase in children and young people (CYPs) seeking gender transition. It discusses the factors that have contributed to this both at the individual level and at the socio-cultural level. At the individual level there are many pathways to gender dysphoria (such as internalized homophobia, complex comorbid problems, histories of family trauma and so on). The author considers that a very large number of children have been seriously harmed through the penetration of the "trans" ideology into child and adolescent services leading to their complex problems being seen only through the prism of gender, thus leading to these problems being neglected. The paper also looks at the broader socio-cultural processes that have contributed to this phenomenon - such as the commodification of health care, misogyny, relativization of truth, all contributing to what the author terms "a peculiar mode of thinking" that has come to dominate this debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A lecture given by Erich Fromm on May 28, 1957, at The New School for Social Research of New York is translated here in Italian for the first time. This lecture was the last in a series about the main concepts of Freud's psychoanalysis (most of these lectures were not recorded, while this one was recorded and transcribed). Fromm discusses the following topics: Freud's physiological concept of sexuality and the biological concept of sexuality suggested by Fromm; the role of masculinity and femininity; the Freudian concept of the libido; Fromm's theory of human nature, in which he conceptualizes various needs as described in his 1955 book The Sane Society (the need for relatedness, the need for rootedness, the need for a sense of identity, the need for transcendence, the need for a frame of orientation and an object of devotion); impacts for the understanding of patients; Freud's technique of free association; the relationship between the analyst and the patient; the importance of dreams; the present situation in psychoanalysis and its future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the most frequent form of cancer and, even today, although there has been an improvement in prognosis, it remains the leading cause of cancer death in women. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and investigate the psychological, sexological and affective aspects in women with breast cancer, comparing them with a control group and identifying possible differences. The protocol, consisting of self-report tools, was administered to 97 women divided into two groups: the clinical group (n = 44 women with breast cancer) and the control group (n = 53 postmenopausal women). The analyzes sought to investigate which domains determined the significance in the comparison between the two groups. Sexual (FSFI) and distress (FSDS) functioning, psychological (SCL-90-R) and emotional (PANAS) functioning were assessed. Women with iatrogenic menopausal breast cancer showed greater sexual difficulties than women in natural menopause. Similarly, symptoms such as anxiety and depression are present to a greater or lesser extent in women in natural menopause, while they acquire greater value in those in which menopause has been induced early. The data that emerge from the study have significant implications both for future research and for the clinic, underlining how the biopsychosocial perspective is fundamental to fully understand the personal and relational experience connected to the pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims to offer a general picture of sexuality during the perinatal period (from gestation to the first years of the child's life). The physical and psychological changes associated with pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum can influence both the woman's sex life and the couple's sexual health. It is essential to investigate these topics that are often overlooked, considered separately and still surrounded by too many taboos and prejudices. This article reviews existing studies dealing with these topics to offer a general overview and to deepen and discuss their limits for wider considerations. The literature highlights a decline in sexual functions during pregnancy, which then continues to experience in the postpartum period. Most of the studies address the issue of sexuality in pregnancy by examining above all the female experience and highlighting the physical, hormonal and psychological differences during the three trimesters of pregnancy (endogestation) but unfortunately no research deals with the analysis of the post-partum (exogestation). Furthermore, the analysis of the experience of the male partner is almost completely omitted both during pregnancy and during postpartum. The sexuality between the two partners, which in this period undergoes a reduction or even an interruption, is the main theme of this study. There are still too many specialists who recommend abstinence in pregnancy, in any case, without this being supported by scientific evidence. This generates an atmosphere of unfounded fears and anxieties, which undermine the unity of the couple, in a such delicate and special moment, in which a healthy sexual activity would be the cornerstone for maintaining a good relationship in the couple and to prevent and protect the future of the family. It is therefore essential that couples are accompanied by professionals prepared to answer their questions related to sexuality, in order to clarify, without taboos, the many perplexities on an such intimate and complex issue. It is essential to consider the modality of sexual intercourse of each specific couple before pregnancy, in order to be able to speak of decline, normality or pathology in postpartum. It is essential to encourage open and sincere communication between partners, rather than dictating general rules, based on false myths, which influence the frequency, spontaneity or even block sexuality during pregnancy and puerperium. In order to generate by default the natural rapprochement between the two partners, it is necessary to involve the father by structuring the birth accompaniment courses for couple, so that not only the psychological experiences of the mother are explained, but also those of the future father. Giving proper attention to both would represent a revolution that would help to prevent serious problems such as postpartum depression or the increase in divorces (a phenomenon most frequently encountered within the first three years of the child's birth). This contribution also wants to make clear the similarity between the sexual act and the childbirth, which are events influenced by the same identical hormones (oxytocin, endorphins, adrenaline, etc.), which are very sensitive to the context and the environment. In fact the more or less pleasant outcome of the sexual encounter or of the experience of childbirth derives from the hormonal combination. An unprocessed traumatic birth brings with it negative consequences on sexual intercourse in the postpartum. This is why adequate pre-birth training, combined with post-partum sexual counseling, are essential for the support of the two partners, so that they do not feel abandoned to themselves and lacking in communication tools. In conclusion, these are the services that should therefore be increased to resolve the current situation, which is contaminated by misinformation and false myths: refresher courses for health professionals, so that taboos of medical staff are broken; birth accompaniment courses for couples, to ensure that the mother feels supported, the father is informed and prepared and that effective communication develops between the two before the birth of the child; post-partum sexual counseling for couples who have difficulty resuming sexual understanding. Birth is a crucial moment for the development of the ability to love, so the commitment and willingness to know everything around it represents a fundamental help both for couples and for future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer represents the most common malignant cancer in the female population and it is the cancer with the highest mortality in the world's female population. It has been shown in the literature that women with breast cancer are more likely to develop sexual dysfunction than healthy women; women with breast cancer often develop difficulties in their body image and feminility, because cancer affects a secondary sex organ. The aim of current study was to explore the relationship between sexual dysfunction and cognitive or emotional factors in women with breast cancer, in particular we investigated the construct of alexithymia, cognitive schemas, automatic thoughts and sexual dysfunctional beliefs. The study was conducted on 156 women, divided in two groups: 60 women with breast cancer and 96 healthy women. The women of the clinical group have been recruited in the departments of senological oncology and integrated therapies of the Policlinico Agostino Gemelli in Rome and the women of the control group were randomly extrapolated from the database of the Clinical Sexology Institute (ISC) of Rome. All women completed 4 self-report questionnaire: Questionnaire of Cognitive Schema Activation in Sexual Context (QCSASC), Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire (SBDQ), Sexual Modes Questionnaire (SMQ) to explore cognitive factors and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) to assess emoctional aspects. MANCOVA statistical analysis was used to highlight statistically significant differences between the two groups; the covariates included were age, level of education and relational situation. Also it was used the Chi2 test for frequencies. Analysis of the data shows that women with breast cancer have higher levels of alexithymia and more dysfunctional beliefs in the sexual sphere than healthy women. Regarding to sexual beliefs, women in the clinical group perceive feelings as very important during sexual activity and consider the advancement of the chronological age a negative element for the sexual sphere. Previous research shows that also women with sexual dysfunction believe that aging negatively affects sexuality; therefore this beliefs seems to be common to women with breast cancer and women with sexual dysfunction. In women with breast cancer, this dysfunctional belief could be emphasized by the iatrogenic induction of menopause. Regarding to alexithymia, women with breast cancer show higher scores in the subscale "difficult to identifying feeling" and "externally-oriented thinking". These results are partly in line with current literature, infact some studies have shown that women with breast cancer have more difficult to identify their feelings than healthy women, while according to other research there aren't significant differences in the alexithymia construct between women with breast cancer and healthy women. Finally in the questionnaires assessing automatic thoughts and cognitive schema there aren't significant differences between clinical and control group. Future research could contribute to a better understanding of the role of cognitive and emotional aspects on the sexuality in women with breast cancer; prevention and treatment of sexual dysfunction and quality of life of women with breast cancer could be improved. The study has some limitation such as lack of previous scientific studies; this gap partially compromises the quality of the discussion of data emerged by the study and urges us to conduct further research, since this information could improve quality of life and health sex of women with cancer. Also the length of the protocol represents a limitation of the study, as it may have altered the reliability of the results; furthermore the research protocol is based exclusively on self-report questionnaires. Finally, there are significant differences related to age, educational level and relationship situation between two groups; however, to limit this problem, these variables have been included as covariates in MANCOVA statistical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Griffin Hansbury’s (2017) treatment of his patient follows a theoretical framework which differs from that of the discussant. Despite Hansbury’s criticism of gender binaries, he expands Freud’s (1922) theory of a “body ego” by introducing a new binary concept, the «capital- V Vaginal» as a «symbolic counterpart to the [capital-P] Phallic» (Hansbury, 2017 p. 20, p. 1010 of the original edition). Hansbury tries to drag into the 21st century a 19th century theory with roots in antiquated assumptions about gender. Greenberg & Mitchell (1983) refer to this theoretical approach as “accommodation”, when writers and theorists don’t challenge questionable assumptions of an original theory but add new concepts to expand upon it. An example of accommodationist approaches in rethinking homosexuality is discussed. Nevertheless, Hansbury’s receptivity to talking about his patients’ sexual body parts and functions creates a space to talk about other difficult subjects. In doing so, he demonstrates a mix of both conservative and radical trends in psychoanalytic theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents the results of an exploratory study on adolescents' sexual and relational-emotional knowledge, sources of information, and behaviors. The study also investigates adolescents' risky experiences in both real and virtual life. The sample consists of 1522 adolescents of Italian nationality with age range between 12 and 18 years (44% males and 56% females), who completed an online self-report questionnaire. Results show that, contrary to their perception, adolescents' knowledge about sexuality and emotionality is rather scarce. They refer primarily to parents, friends, and, to a considerable extent, to the Internet to get information about sexuality. In addition, the percentage of sexually active adolescents who report to enact risky behaviors, especially among the youngest (12- 14 years), is noteworthy. Finally, a consistent percentage of adolescents report to receive or send "sensual" photos through the Internet and to receive requests to provide personal material/information by strangers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Population's aging is currently one of the most significant phenomenon in the XXI century, with very important consequences in every section of society. Human longevity has grown in a significant way thanks to differents factors: the meaningful ones are surely the adoption of modern lifestyles and the unstoppable scientific progress. All these factors bring to the conception that old people are facing up to new sets of stimuli and necessities connected to sexuality; something that they would not have experienced in the past. This happened especially for a series of social cliché and prejudices which made old people's sexuality not accepted by the community and not so interesting. Precisely for this, scientific community has started studying this fascinating theme only in the last few years. In medicine, the rising of sexual activity for old subjects has become a specific focus for geriatriscians, endocrinologists, and andrologists. It has been shown that desire does not disappear in old age: also sexual arousal and orgasmic capacity persist. In old age, therefore, sexuality continues to be present, even if the ways and conditions through which it manifests and expresses itself are different. The factors modifying the sexual response of the elderly male can be biological (e.g. erectile dysfunction, frequently caused by arterial pathologies that affect especially elderly men with hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, peripheral vasculopathy or hypertension, as well as smokers), psychosocial (e.g. lack of available partners, isolation from the active community, and other factors that feed the stereotype of the tired and inactive old man), and/or psychological (individual variability, life experiences, introjected taboo and stereotypes about older sexuality, attitude towards body changes, etc.). In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we recruited 40 male subjects between 65 and 90 years old. Subjects with clinical diagnosis affecting sexuality were excluded from the sample (i.e. patients undergoing pelvic surgery or radiotherapy; suffering from hypogonadism or hyperprolactinemia; affected by cognitive deficit or mood disorder). Through the employment of specific tests: International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF 5); Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); Quality of Life In-dex (QLI) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), we collected data referred to some aspects: sexual function, cognitive state, mood, and general quality of life. Data have been elaborated with a descriptive and an inferential statistic analysis (linear and multiple regression). The aim of the study was to verify a possible relationship between presence/absence of sexual behaviour and individual's quality of life. We would like to stimulate a major interest in old subjects' needs in order to mantain and promote a long-life sexual health. Only through the spread of a new sensibility, towards these issues, it will be possible to promote the right of an affective and sexual health, without chronological limits, and to promote a satisfactory quality of life in elderly person on the physical, psychological and relational level, strengthening the concept of health itself. Positive and significant relations emerged, with both BDI and IIEF5 scores predicting QLI scores. Multiple regression models found that each score of BDI contribute to a diminution of 0.29 in the QLI score, while each score in the IIEF5 contribute to an increase of 0.13 in QLI score. IIEF5 scores has been found to increase QLI score in elderly men. An higher quality of life is recorded in patients who still benefit from a satisfying sexual activity; at the same time the quality of life is reduced in subjects with a decreased mood tone, probably linked to a decline in sexual function. When the sexual function remains conserved, other important domains will be preserved, lot of them are important into the framework of global well-being. The conservation of a good sexual practice affects the elderly males' life, in a multifactorial way: from biological to psychosocial aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease often associated with a strong impairment of sexual life, mainly characterized by the experience of genital-pelvic pain during intercourses. The literature highlighted that endometriosis mainly affects the female reproductive system and, therefore, has a strong impact on sexuality, on gender identity, on the quality of a woman's relational and mental life. The present study arises from the intention to deepen the cognitive health situation of women with endometriosis. The aim of the current study was to explore the relationship between sexual functioning and cognitive factors in women with endometriosis. In particular, we focused on the association of sexual functioning to cognitive schemas, automatic thoughts and sexual dysfunctional beliefs. Data were collected in two groups of women: 35 patients in child-bearing age (age range 18-45 years, M=34.83 SD=7.70) with a diagnosis of endometriosis (verified by laparoscopy) belonging to the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Policlinico Umberto I and 41 healthy women from the general population. The women completed a self-report questionnaire assessing cognitive structures through the Questionnaire of Cognitive Schema Activation in Sexual Context (QCSASC), the Sexual Modes Questionnaire (SMQ) and the Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire (SDBQ). In the analysis of the data emerged from the QCSASC, women with endometriosis showed a greater activation of negative cognitive patterns related to the sense of impotence compared to the control group. This result could be linked to the data emerging on the access to seek help for sexual problems: only 26.7% of women in the clinical group with sexual difficulties underwent or have undergone a specialist consultation in the past, compared to 80% of women in the control group. It is reasonable that women with endometriosis have more difficulties in seeking help, maybe because of the rigid and dysfunctional cognitive schemes related to the sense of impotence on their condition. The women from the clinical group reported a greater number of beliefs related to "sexual conservatism" and a tendency towards the "affection primacy" component. In the literature, conservative attitudes towards sexuality and unrealistic expectations about sexual performance are commonly associated with sexual difficulties in women and men. In conclusion, the results of our study seem to indicate that in endometriosis the cognitive aspects related to sexual dysfunctions may play an important role in influencing the perception what a woman is experiencing, of her identity and of her relational situation. Further in-depth investigations could contribute to a better understanding of the impact that this pathology has on sexual health, on the quality of life and thus direct towards a more appropriate targeted intervention under the biopsychosocial model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease often associated with a strong impairment of sexual life, mainly characterized by the experience of genital-pelvic pain during intercourses. The literature highlighted that endometriosis mainly affects the female reproductive system and therefore has a strong impact on sexuality, on gender identity, on the quality of a woman's relational and mental life. The present study arises from the intention to deepen the psycho-affective health situation of women with endometriosis. The overall goal is to explore the characteristics associated with psycho-affective and sexual health in a small group of women with endometriosis by comparing it with a group of healthy women. The general hypothesis is that endometriosis women would report worse scores in all the areas examined (sexual function, alexithymia, emotions endorsed during sexual activity and psychological symptoms). Data were collected in two groups of women: 35 patients in child-bearing age (age range 18-45 years, M = 34.83, SD = 7.70) with a diagnosis of endometriosis (verified by laparoscopy) belonging to the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Policlinico Umberto I and 41 healthy women from the general population. All women completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the MCGill Pain Questionnaire (MCGILL), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R). In the results, the group with endometriosis reported clinical scores in the area of sexuality (overall sexual functioning and pain), a higher level of psychological distress (especially in the somatization dimension) and a more negative emotions endorsed during sexual activity compared to the control group. Surprisingly, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding to alexithymia. Although there are no significant differences between the two groups in this dimension, however, women with endometriosis showed a light tendency to report greater difficulty in identifying feelings. The presence of alexithymia might represent a defense mechanism against mental and physical pain that should be better deepened in future studies. Chronic diseases involve a series of bodily, affective and cognitive transformations that force the individual to a radical existential change and an identity redefinition. The results obtained are in line with the data in the literature that testify the tendency of people suffering from chronic diseases to translate their internal conflicts through somatic symptoms. Women with endometriosis usually show passive and avoidant coping, negative emotions associated with poor mental status, and this is important to be considered for clinical purposes. This study further confirms how endometriotic pathology can have important repercussions, as well as on the body, even in the psycho-affective and sexual sphere of the women affected. A profile emerged of women suffering and tending to somatization and a greater experience of negative emotions associated with sexual suffering. The literature suggests that a biopsychosocial approach, which places the woman to the center of a system and takes into account the psychological, biological and social variables in play, may be the most suitable for coping with the complexity of endometriosis. A model of this type is inspired by an integrated approach to the individual, the couple and the disease. Finally, it is important to remember that the analysis of the problem from a psycho-sexological point of view as well as a physiological one, with particular attention to the diagnosis and treatment phases, could result in an improvement of the assistance services and a higher probability of therapeutic success in the endometriosis pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are a few studies in the literature dealing specifically with the sexuality of obese patients, from the medical-endocrinological perspective to the psychosocial experience. Obesity in men is often associated with sexual difficulties, whereas the Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is the most reported. The main aim of the present study was to explore the sexual health of obese men asking for bariatric surgery. The study addressed 152 obese men undergoing the psychodiagnostic evaluation for bariatric surgery suitability, referring to the Department of General Surgery and Italian and European Excellence Center of Bariatric Surgery of the "Sapienza" University of Rome - Polo Pontino (LT). The self-administered protocol consisted of a sociodemographic questionnaire with questions on lifestyles and sexual health, the Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R), the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and the Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire (SDBQ). The results of this exploratory study show that there is a significative damage reported in sexuality, in which cognitive factors such as stereotypical beliefs about gender and sexual activity play a role. The data showed that having a higher BMI seems to be a risk factor for sexual dysfunctions. Specifically, there is a decrease in all IIEF scale scores as BMI increases. Hypertension seems to play a key role for ED and for the general satisfaction of sexual life. If the patient is in a stable relationship and has a greater frequency of sexual activity, it results in an increase of sexual functioning. The study shows that in obese men, the more the first complete sexual intercourse is delayed in life, the more problems are reported in sexuality, especially ED and a low satisfaction of sexual intercourses and sentimental relationships. Instead, a good satisfaction of the first sexual experience leads to more positive scores in all the areas of sexual functioning, regardless of weight (BMI). Regarding to the psychological area, a significantly higher level of somatization emerged in the group of obese men compared to controls. The erectile functioning emerges as the most problematic sexual area in this cohort of men. In particular, 38,16% of obese men reported an ED, of which 21,05% was mild, 5,92% moderate and 11,18% severe. Concerning the role played by dysfunctional sexual beliefs, obese men reported a higher presence of stereotypical beliefs related to the male figure than the general population. In the clinical group prevails the idea that man have always to be ready for having a sexual activity, that the erection is central for the satisfaction of the partner and for this reason it must always be maintained until the end of every sexual intercourse. These beliefs stimulate a highly performing experience, which prevents from a positive sexual experience and may negatively affect the perceived sexual distress. According to this result, a higher level of sexual conservatism was also found in obese men compared to controls. The present study emphasizes the importance of psychological and cultural factors related to sexuality and body experience, elements that in a good holistic treatment should be taken into account for the improvement of the patient's quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the so called Network Era, relationships have to deal with new forms of interaction and communication, where socialization to affectivity and sexuality of the younger generations plays a too often misunderstood role. On the basis of two empirical studies conducted in Lazio, this article analyzes the difference between attitudes and real sexual conduct of two distinct samples of respondents, between adolescence and young adulthood: the first survey (Toschi, 2009) was conducted within a statistical population of students in their last year of high school (103 M, 142 F); the second (Toschi e Ojetti, 2014) has been considering a university panel (114 M, 144 F), most of them enrolled in degree courses of psychological area (average age 24.3 - DS 3.09). In both cases has been used a structured questionnaire divided into the same thematic areas: personal data and family of origin; religiosity and leisure; school, college and friendships; affections and relationships; opinions and attitudes. Additional area - related to sexual pleasure, unconventional practices and experiences - has been used only in the case of the older sample. Many of the results are widely differing from traditional beliefs in common sense, and not infrequently in the scientific community: the prevailing relational model is basically conservative, well rooted in the forms of social control considered legitimate - in terms of gender and sexuality culture - even in the transition from adolescence to the early stages of adult life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution does not aim to explain sexuality and spirituality as individual human experiences but to identify the points of contact, the irreconcilable differences, the areas of overlap and the areas of fading addressed directly in the relationship with the patients, then in scope of daily life. It is always difficult to clarify such complex constructs, especially when one dissolves into the other and it is impossible to return to the original "neutrality" because, after all, we are the product of the mixture of our experiences and not the sum of the individual experiences. The purpose, therefore, will be to analyze, the combination of the two dynamics, while anticipating, distinctly, the due description, in historical, cultural and symbolic terms. The intent is a proof of disarraying the dichotomous vision of modern homo sapiens, where desire is placed at the center of the antithetical vision: if I love a person, I cannot even hate her/him, if I love "flesh", I cannot even love God. The coexistence in ourselves, sometimes even simultaneous, of two so deep dipole experiences, radically conditions the Self, the perception of oneself and the understanding of the other. Only the heroic act of going into the discovery of our emotional labyrinth can put light where the fear of the individual person has crystallized, by defense, a social stereotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

xPuer archetype is a theoretical concept that describes properties of any initial state. Low levels of differentiation and refining both of aggressivity and sexuality belong to these properties. The initial sexual differentiation is accompanied by a diversified relationship with aggressivity: male can combine sex with aggressivity but not with fear, female can combine sex with fear and not with aggressivity. This involves that men can practice sex with violence but not with fear, women can practice sex feeling fear and not feeling aggressivity. At the present age passage Puer archetype is constellated and through his binomials sex-aggressivity and sexfear offers an archetypal background to the increasing gender violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]