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The study examines recent participatory initiatives, well known as commons, as examples of circular governance models. These practices highlight the role of communities in conservation and regeneration projects of cultural heritage, generating and regenerating values through the activation of circular relations between them and places in which they live. Commons represent an opportunity to implement the circular economy model at the governance level, defining new cooperation models involving different stakeholder categories. In this framework, evaluation methods and tools are fundamental in supporting decision-making processes for defining development strategies for making urban contexts more inclusive, safe and resilient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is the result of two years of research and fieldwork in the Appia Antica Park in Rome, based on the participatory processes that have stratified over time in the area, contributing to dynamics of re-signification. Using the modern cartographic instruments, this contribution aims to hypothesise future scenarios for the protection of the landscape in its natural, historical, cultural and identitarian components. The results obtained have highlighted links and conflicts between local communities and institutions. Furthermore, it allowed to analyze the main research about participatory practices, connecting them with the reflections about the use of cartography to systematise local knowledge, to hypothesize a management of common goods in the Aqueducts area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Municipality of Nonantola (Modena, Italy) has hosted for almost 1,000 years the agrarian ‘Partecipanza’, a shared area of ​​760 hectares today, result of a donation from the Abbey dating back to 1058. Through very complex historical events, this common good, different from a ‘civic use’ or a collective property, is still used by a part of the population where each “participant”, with an allotment every 12 years, assumes the responsibility for the economic use of a part attributed to him with periodic rotation. From the medieval era, in which its use was partly farming partly ‘woody’, since the nineteenth century it passed to a mainly agricultural use, but with the rise of the postindustrial era it experienced an ‘ecological turning point’ not only with the forest rebirth, but also with enhancement and fruition projects in the direction of an ‘environmental education’ which now affects the entire population, including immigrants. Relations with the Municipality are very close, and allude to innovative forms of self-government and widespread socio-territorial responsibility that make Nonantola an exemplary case of participatory democracy.

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The territorialist alternative to a development model menacing to destroy life contexts is based on experimenting and networking new forms of ‘bottom-up’ local development, based on the enhancement of territorial heritage as common good. These actions are unified by the practice of ‘commoning’, of ‘common doing’, which is to say the management and the deliberately uncompetitive care of local resources. Such practices testify a rediscovery of “place consciousness”, a widespread sharing of economic production aims that include a ‘socio-territorial responsibility’ oriented towards the wellbeing of dwellers and places. The paper analyses the roots of this kind of approach, presenting a wide reflection that goes from the historical forms of land ownership to the theories of local development affirmed since the second half of the last century. The paper illustrates the various kinds of local action tools used in the various practices under consideration, outlining the common characters emerging from their analysis.

Copyright of Ri-vista: Ricerche per la progettazione del paesaggio is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)