Search

Reduced graphene and graphene oxide sheets have been in-situ functionalized during electrochemical reactions in lead-acid cathode system. This research investigated the comparative differences in surface chemistry of reduced graphene and graphene oxide sheets, and their influence on electrochemical activity within the lead acid charge and discharge reactions. The reduction of graphene oxide sheets was due to activity of OH- and H+ groups, and the grafting of HSO4- and PbO(OH)+ ions from PbO…OH- gel zone intermediate complex, via covalent and non-covalent means, is determined to facilitate the ionic reactions at interphase zone of the positive active material