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Table S1. Physical, biochemical and clinical characteristics of the diabetic group based on HbA1c levels. (DOCX 16 kb)

Figure S2. Adiponectin levels and effect of exercise on the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of obese subjects with and without diabetes. Immunofluorescence analysis of adiponectin expression in SAT from obese subjects with and without diabetes before and after a 3-month physical exercise intervention (n = 10 for each group). Data were quantified as detailed in the Materials and Methods section. The p value was determined using Mann–Whitney test for comparisons between the diabetes and non-diabetes groups and using a paired t-test for intragroup comparisons before and after exercise. * p

Table S2. Physical, clinical and biochemical characteristics of the non-diabetic group based on MHO and MUO classification. (DOCX 18 kb)

Figure S3. Immunofluorescent analysis of fetuin-A levels in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of lean subjects with and without diabetes. (A) Confocal microscopy showing fetuin-A abundance and localisation in vesicular-like structures in the thin rim of the cytoplasm of SAT collected from lean subjects with and without diabetes. (B) Representative confocal immunofluorescence images illustrating fetuin-A and adiponectin abundance in SAT from lean subjects with and without diabetes (n = 3 for each group). (PPTX 224 kb)

Table S3. Effect of exercise and diabetes and their combination on the characteristics of the study population. (DOCX 23 kb)

Table S4. Primer sequences used for quantitative real time PCR to analyze fetuin-A and GAPDH gene expression status. (DOCX 13 kb)

Figure S1. Correlation analysis. Correlation of circulating fetuin-A with HbA1c, TG, HDL and FBG were assessed in the whole population using Spearmanâ s rank correlation coefficient. (PPTX 161 kb)