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Sustainable production is a principle in which we must meet the needs of the present without compromising the capacity of future generations. Despite the successful development of pesticides against endo and ectoparasites found in domestic ruminants, these parasites are still the major problem of the herbivore production system. The purpose of this study was to know the population of gastrintestinal parasites and their influence on weight gain of calves kept in organic and conventional grazing. Thus, organic and conventional calves were randomly selected in 2008 and 2009. The fecal egg count (FEC) indentified the following genders of helminths: Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Oesophagostomum, Cooperia, Strongyloides, Trichuris and oocysts of Eimeria. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between FEC in organic and conventional animals. Calves younger than 6 months showed significant higher infection (p0,05) entre a FEC nos animais orgânicos e convencionais. Animais com idade inferior a seis meses apresentaram infecção significativamente superior (p

Neste artigo são revisados alguns conceitos importantes a serem considerados para o controle de parasitas gastrintestinais em caprinos e ovinos. Descrevem-se as características epidemiológicas desta parasitose no semiárido e o aparecimento de resistência aos anti-helmínticos na região. São propostas alternativas para o controle da doença levando em consideração, principalmente, a adoção de técnicas de controle integrado de parasitas com uma mudança nos sistemas de tratamento preventivo para sistemas que permitam a sobrevivência de parasitas susceptíveis na refugia. São discutidas as diferenças entre caprinos e ovinos, considerando que os caprinos são mais susceptíveis e que para maioria das drogas devem ser tratados com doses maiores. This paper reviews some important concepts to be considered for the control of gastro-intestinal nematode parasites of sheep and goats, including the epidemiology of this parasitic disease in the Brazilian semiarid, and the occurrence of anti-helminthic resistance in the region. Considering the widespread use of preventive treatments during the dry season, new alternatives for the control of gastrointestinal parasites are recommended, taking into account the parasite integrated control system and the use of methods to allow the presence of susceptible parasites in the refugia. Differences between sheep and goats are discussed, taking into account the higher susceptibility of goats and the necessity to use larger doses in goats than in sheep for most anti-helminthics.

As helmintoses gastrintestinais ocupam um lugar de destaque na estatística de problemas sanitários da caprino-cultura moderna, criando continuamente novas dificuldades para o seu controle, sendo a resistência a drogas anti-helmínticas fator estratégico limitante para o seu controle. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de verificar a sensibilidade de nematóides gastrintestinais de caprinos a ação de compostos anti-helmínticos, convencionais e alternativos. Foram utilizados 120 animais, de ambos os sexos, sendo distribuídos em grupos de 24 animais cada (12 animais machos e 12 animais fêmeas), totalizando 10 grupos, submetidos, cada grupo ao tratamento com um composto anti-helmíntico específico. As drogas utilizadas nos ensaios foram a moxidectina 0,2%, albendazole, cloridrato de levamisol, ivermectina (drogas convencionais) e extrato aquoso de batata de purga (Operculina hamiltonii). Para avaliar a resistência, aplicou-se o teste de redução na contagem de ovos por grama de fezes (RCOF) e a larvacultura. As amostras fecais foram coletadas no dia em que foi realizada a medicação (dia base), aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após tratamento. Foram obtidos os seguintes resultados para a redução de ovos para a família Trichostrongyloidea, no tratamento de fêmeas com a moxidectina reduziu 92,8%, 88,7% e 89,8%; nos machos: 92,6%, 96,2% e 98,1%; com o levamisol as fêmeas reduziram 96%, 97,1% e 91%; nos machos: 85,7%, 94,2% e 100%; com o albendazol as fêmeas reduziram 65%, 60,3% e 75,4%; nos machos 88,8%, 88,8% e 55,5%; com a ivermectina reduziram 92,2%, 68,6% e 70,6%; nos machos 41,7%, 73,6% e 59,7%; com a batata de purga as fêmeas reduziram 31,8%, 34,1% e 49,4%, nos machos 61,5%, 80,7% e 50%. Na cultura de larvas o gênero Haemonchus, seguido de Bunostomum., Trichostrongylus e Oesophagostomum, foram identificados mesmo após os tratamentos. The objective was to evaluate conventional and alternative anthelminthic action on the sensibility of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats. Hundred and twenty goats of both sexes were distributed into 10 groups of 24 animals each (12 males and 12 females) and submitted to treatments of specific anthelminthic composition. The commercial drugs used were moxidectin 0.2%, albendazole, levamisol chlorhydrate, ivermectin and an aqueous extract of the purgative potato (Operculina hamiltonii). The reduction test was applied through egg counts per gram of feces and larval culture to evaluate resistance. The fecal samples were collected in the day when medication was accomplished (day base), at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment. The following results for the reduction of Trichostrongyloidea eggs were obtained: Treatment of the females with Moxidectina reduced the egg counts to 92.8, 88.7 and 89.8%, of the males to 92.6, 96.2 and 98.1%; with Levamisol of the females to 96, 97.1 and 91%, of the males to 85.7, 94,2 and 100%; with Albendazol of the females 65, 60.3 and 75.4%, of the males 88.8, 88.8 and 55.5%; with Ivermectin of the females to 92.2, 68.6 and 70.6%, of the males to 41.7, 73.6 and 59.7%; and with the purgative potato of the females to 31.8, 34.1 and 49.4%, of the males to 61.5, 80.7 and 50%. In larval culture Haemonchus, followed by Bunostomum, Trichostrongylus, and Oesophagostomum, were identified even after treatments.

Mirazid® is a patented preparation from a plant that had been used in folk medicine since ancient Egyptians (Myrrh). It was registered in Egypt for the treatment of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis. Over 32 independent studies for efficacy of Mirazid had been reviewed and their results analyzed. The majority of these studies reported higher than 90% cure rates, that even higher in mixed than single trematodal infections in humans and in farm animals. Only two groups of investigators reported lower cure rates as they used lower doses and estimated cure rates at a shorter period from treatment than recommended by innovators.