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Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:03:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0034-89102008000100022.pdf: 40450 bytes, checksum: ac758dfbed983ac7247a8385c5b9a0f3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:03:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0034-89102008000100022.pdf: 40450 bytes, checksum: ac758dfbed983ac7247a8385c5b9a0f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:30:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0034-89102008000100022.pdf: 40450 bytes, checksum: ac758dfbed983ac7247a8385c5b9a0f3 (MD5) S0034-89102008000100022.pdf.txt: 12874 bytes, checksum: 3656ea689c8bc634567eb9b7219f87bf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:44:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0034-89102008000100022.pdf: 40450 bytes, checksum: ac758dfbed983ac7247a8385c5b9a0f3 (MD5) S0034-89102008000100022.pdf.txt: 12874 bytes, checksum: 3656ea689c8bc634567eb9b7219f87bf (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:44:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0034-89102008000100022.pdf: 40450 bytes, checksum: ac758dfbed983ac7247a8385c5b9a0f3 (MD5) S0034-89102008000100022.pdf.txt: 12874 bytes, checksum: 3656ea689c8bc634567eb9b7219f87bf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-01 O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a concentração de flúor na água engarrafada comercializada, comparando-a aos valores impressos no rótulo da embalagem. Foram coletadas 229 amostras de água das 35 marcas disponíveis em diversos supermercados, mercearias e lanchonetes de grande circulação nas diferentes regiões do município de São Paulo, em 2006. A concentração de flúor foi determinada por análise em duplicata, utilizando o eletrodo íon-específico. A concentração de flúor variou entre 0,01 e 2,04 mg/l, com diferenças significantes entre os valores estipulados nos rótulos e os encontrados com a análise. Esses resultados reforçam a importância do controle dos níveis de flúor na água engarrafada por parte da vigilância sanitária. The objective of the study was to evaluate the fluoride concentration in bottled water available on the market, in comparison with the values printed on the bottle label. Two hundred and twenty-nine water samples were collected from 35 brands available in several supermarkets, grocery stores and snack bars with high turnover in different regions of the municipality of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, in 2006. Fluoride concentrations were determined by duplicate analysis using an ion-specific electrode. The fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 2.04 mg/l, with significant differences between the values stipulated on labels and those found in the analyses. These results emphasize the importance of controls over fluoride levels in bottled water enforced by the sanitary surveillance agency. Universidade de São Paulo Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba Departamento de Odontologia Infantil e Social USP Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru Departamento de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba Departamento de Odontologia Infantil e Social

This study evaluated the fluoride intake from dentifrices with different fluoride concentrations ([F]) by children aged 24-36 months, as well as the influence of the dentifrice flavor in the amount of fluoride ingested during toothbrushing. Thirty-three children were randomly divided into 3 groups, according to the [F] in the dentifrices: G-A (523 µgF/g), G-B (1,062 µgF/g) and G-C (1,373 µgF/g). Dentifrices A and B are marketed for children, while dentifrice C is a regular product. The amount of F ingested was indirectly obtained, subtracting the amount expelled and the amount left on the toothbrush from the amount initially loaded onto the brush. The results were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey's test and linear regression analysis (p < 0.05). Children ingested around 60% of the dentifrice loaded onto the brush, but no significant differences were seen among the groups (p > 0.05). Mean daily fluoride intake from dentifrice for G-A, G-B and G-C was 0.022ª, 0.032ª and 0.061b mg F/kg body weight, respectively (p < 0.01). There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.86, p < 0.0001) between the amount of dentifrice used and the amount of fluoride ingested during toothbrushing. The results indicate the need for instructing children's parents and care givers to use a small amount of dentifrice (< 0.3 g) to avoid excessive ingestion of fluoride. The use of low-[F] dentifrices by children younger than 6 years also seems to be a good alternative to minimize fluoride intake. Dentifrice flavor did not influence the percentage of fluoride intake. Avaliou-se a ingestão de flúor após uso de dentifrícios contendo diferentes concentrações de flúor ([F]) por crianças entre 24-36 meses de idade, além da influência do sabor do dentifrício na quantidade de flúor ingerida durante a escovação. Dividiram-se 33 crianças aleatoriamente em 3 grupos, de acordo com a [F] nos dentifrícios: G-A (523 µgF/g), G-B (1.062 µgF/g) e G-C (1.373 µgF/g). Os dentifrícios A e B são infantis, e o C, convencional. A quantidade de flúor ingerida foi indiretamente obtida subtraindo-se a quantidade de flúor expelida e a quantidade que restou na escova daquela inicialmente carregada na escova. Os resultados foram analisados por ANOVA, teste de Tukey e análise de regressão linear (p < 0,05). Aproximadamente 60% do dentifrício carregado na escova foi ingerido pelas crianças, embora sem diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p > 0,05). A ingestão média diária de flúor para G-A, G-B e G-C foi 0,022ª, 0,032ª e 0,061b mg F/kg de peso corporal, respectivamente (p < 0,01). Houve uma forte correlação positiva (r = 0,86, p < 0,0001) entre a quantidade de dentifrício utilizada e a quantidade de flúor ingerida durante a escovação. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de se instruir pais e cuidadores de crianças a utilizarem uma quantidade pequena de dentifrício (< 0,3 g) para se evitar ingestão excessiva de flúor. O uso de dentifrícios com [F] reduzida por crianças menores de 6 anos também se constitui numa boa alternativa para se minimizar a ingestão de flúor. O sabor do dentifrício não influenciou na porcentagem de ingestão deste íon.

A fluoretação da água de abastecimento público representa uma das principais e mais importantes medidas de saúde pública no controle da cárie dentária. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de reafirmar, através de uma revisão de literatura, a importância e o alcance da fluoretação no controle da cárie dentária. Um dos meios mais efetivos para manter constante a presença de flúor na cavidade bucal, fundamental para controle da cárie dentária, a fluoretação da água é reconhecida como um importante fator para o declínio da prevalência da cárie dentária. Portanto, além de ser mantida, deve ser monitorada, a fim de que o teor de flúor seja mantido dentro dos padrões adequados para o controle da cárie e prevenção da fluorose dentária. Fluoridation of public water supplies is among the most important public health measures for control of dental caries. Through a review of the literature, this study intends to reaffirm the importance and scope of fluoridation for caries control, as this is acknowledged as one of the most effective ways of ensuring the constant presence of fluoride in the oral cavity, which is vital for controlling caries. Water fluoridation is rated as an important factor for reducing caries, meaning that it should be maintained and also monitored, ensuring adequate fluoride levels for controlling caries while avoiding dental fluorosis.

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:22:28Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:40:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-34548779613.pdf: 36016 bytes, checksum: 1c4b49acb881da0ec702b258320bbdeb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:22:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-05-01 The increasing consumption of juices, soft drinks and teas among children has increased significantly fluoride ingestion at the age range of risk for development of dental fluorosis. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate fluoride concentrations in some brands of industrialized beverages consumed by children in the city of Bauru, SP, Brazil. Material and Methods: 98 brands of beverages were analyzed, divided into 3 lots, comprising 36, 32 and 30 brands, respectively, for the first, second and third lots. Fluoride concentrations were determined by HMDS-facilitated diffusion, using a fluoride ion-specific electrode (Orion 9409). Results: Fluoride concentrations ranged between 0.04 and 1.76 μg F/mL. It was observed a wide variation in fluoride concentrations among the different brands, as well as the different lots of the same brand. There was no information on fluoride concentrations on the labels of any product. Conclusions: Some of the products analyzed could contribute significantly to the total fluoride intake and, thus, be important risk factors for development of dental fluorosis, which indicates the need of controlling the production of these beverages with respect to fluoride concentration. Araçatuba Dental School São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, SP Bauru School of Dentistry University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP , A. Octavio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, 17012-901 Bauru, SP Araçatuba Dental School São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, SP

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:21:55Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:45:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-33745643579.pdf: 45033 bytes, checksum: 7dee5a7e4a45a999306123c600bc084c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:21:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-07-06 Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the fluoride concentration in the public water supply and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in schoolchildren between 7 and 15 years old, living in a peripheral district of the municipality of Bauru. Material and Methods: For this, fifty two water samples were collected on three different days of one week. These samples were analyzed for fluoride by means of the ion-sensitive electrode method (Orion 9609) coupled to a potentiometer (Procyon, model 720). In this method, 1.0 mL of TISAB II (Orion) was added to 1.0 mL of the sample. For the epidemiological survey of fluorosis, 52 schoolchildren of both genders, aged between 7 and 15 were assessed, with prior authorization from their caretakers. Only one person examined the children, after supervised toothbrushing and drying with cotton wool rolls. The TF index was used. Results: The fluoride concentrations in the water samples ranged from 0.62 to 1.20 mg/L, with a mean of 0.9 mg/L. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 33%, with severity ranging from TF1 to TF4 (Kappa of 0.73 and concordance of 83.33%). Conclusions: The results from the analysis of water samples indicated a fluoride concentration greater than recommended for Bauru. The fluorosis levels found were higher than expected for a peripheral district, in which water is one of the few sources of fluoride. Bauru Dental School University of São Paulo Public Health School University of São Paulo Faculty of Sciences São Paulo State University Araçatuba Dental School São Paulo State University Institute of Chemistry University of São Paulo Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru Área de Bioquímica, A. Dr. O. Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Cep.: 17. 012-901 Bauru SP Faculty of Sciences São Paulo State University Araçatuba Dental School São Paulo State University

OBJETIVO: Considerando a água como importante fonte de ingestão de flúor, o aumento da prevalência de fluorose dentária e do consumo de água mineral, o estudo realizado teve como objetivo avaliar o consumo de água mineral e sua concentração de flúor. MÉTODOS: A pesquisa foi realizada nos bairros do município de Bauru, SP. Foram visitadas mil residências que compunham uma amostra estratificada, obtida por conglomerados. Cada conglomerado correspondia a um quarteirão. Para efeito de sorteio os quarteirões foram numerados dentro das 17 regiões estabelecidas no plano diretor do município. Para coleta das amostras de água mineral foram usados frascos plásticos de 50 ml, previamente identificados. Na análise de flúor utilizou-se eletrodo íon sensível (Orion 9609) após tamponamento com TISAB II. Informações a respeito do consumo de água mineral foram obtidas com a aplicação de um questionário. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se que cerca de 29,7% da população do município consome água mineral. Nas 260 amostras analisadas, das 29 diferentes águas, a concentração de flúor variou de 0,045 a 1,515 mg/l. Em uma das águas, constava no rótulo o valor de 0,220 mg/l, mas na análise constatou-se 1,515 mg/l de flúor. Além disso, algumas águas não traziam especificado a concentração de flúor; e, na análise constataram-se valores variando entre 0,049 e 0,924 mg/l. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados mostraram uma grande variação na concentração de flúor e reforçam a importância do controle dessas águas por parte da vigilância sanitária. OBJECTIVE: Considering that water is an importance source of fluoride intake, and that the consumption of mineral water and prevalence of dental fluorosis have been increasing, the aim of this study was to evaluate the consumption of mineral water and its fluoride concentration. METHODS: The study was performed in residential districts of the municipality of Bauru, State of São Paulo, by means of stratified sampling via clusters. Each cluster corresponded to one residential block. For randomization purposes, the residential blocks were numbered within the 17 districts established by the city plan. One thousand homes were thus visited. Mineral water samples were collected using previously labeled 50 ml plastic flasks. Fluoride analysis was done using an ion-sensitive electrode (Orion 9609), after buffering using TISAB II. Information on the consumption of mineral water was obtained by means of applying a questionnaire. RESULTS: Around 29.72% of the city's population was consuming mineral water. In the 260 samples analyzed from 29 different brands of water, the fluoride concentration ranged from 0.045 to 1.515 mg/l. For one brand, the label stated that the fluoride concentration was 0.220 mg/l, but analysis revealed a concentration of 1.515 mg/l. Moreover, some brands did not specify the fluoride concentration on the label and, for these, the analysis showed concentrations ranging from 0.049 to 0.924 mg/l. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated wide variation in fluoride concentrations and reinforce the importance of the control of such waters by the sanitary surveillance agency.