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Introduction: It has been well known that occupational exposure to aluminium leads to smelter asthma and pneumoconiosis. Epidemiological studies are needed to search the exposure conditions and duration. Scope: It is aimed to investigate the type of respiratory involvement. Materials and Methods: Male aluminium foundry workers living in Adapazari district (42 male, mean age: 32.2 ± 6.9 years) compared with 33 male controls without exposure (mean age: 30.0 ± 7.9 years). Mean urine aluminium levels of workers (10.7 ± 8.8 mcg/lt) were significantly higher than those of controls (2.2 ± 0.8, p Conclusion: Mean occupational aluminium exposure of 5 years leads a significant deterioration of workers respiratory health, pulmonary funcions and radiology. Preventive measures should be taken in aluminium foundry sector.

We aimed to investigate the incidence of bronchiectasis supposed to be created by the compression hiatal hernia (HH) on bronchi. The thorax computed tomography (CT) scans of patients which carried out in Duzce University, School of Medicine, between February 2014 and August 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. The repeated scans in the same patient were excluded. 4388 patients were included in the study. A total of 98 HH cases were detected. The rate of HH according to small, moderate and large, size were 45 (45.9%), 9 (9.2 %), 44 (44.9), respectively. 58 of the cases (59.2%) were female. The mean age was 73.30 ± 9.14 (45-90). 9 (9, 1) patients (8 female, %88.8) were found to have confirmed bronchiectasis on Thorax CT. The rate of hiatal hernia accompanied by bronchiectasis were similar in male and female gender (p = 0.078). The prevalence of bronchiectasis were significantly high in large hernias with 81.4% rate (p = 0.009). Demographic parameters and comparisons between Bronchiectasis+, Bronchiectasis– subgroups are shown in Table 1. Bronchiectasis rate, was 12.343 times (OR: 12.343, 95% CI: 1.479-103.027, p = 0.009) higher in large HH group compared to small and moderate HH group .Hiatal hernia accompanied by bronchiectasis with 88.1% was anatomically near to HH. As a result, it is thought that hiatal hernia may cause bronchiectasis due to external compression other than lymphadenopathy or the tumor as an etiology of bronchiectasis and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

The smoking is main public health problem and requires profound struggle. Turkey was one of the leader countries in tobacco control. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of smoking among Turkish population after tobacco control strategies begun. Methods: Population survey and population based study conducted in primary care settings with face to face interview. The study results were preliminary. It has been conducted since May 2014 and will end up May 2015. Result: The study enrolled a total of 1287 subjects (M: 38.9% and F: 61.1%) with mean age of 45 years-old (14-88). The ratio of current smokers was 21.1% (14.6% among women and 31.2% among men, p Conclusions: The present study reveals the current information about smoking in Turkey. Smoking prevalence was still higher, particularly among male population. The majority of male young population was comparatively smokers. Among female population, whether having or not a chronic disease seemed to be not influential on smoking cessation.

Smoking is main problem among family physicians. They are gate keeper and role model for their patients. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of smoking among Turkish family physicians and smoking cessation training. Methods: The cross-sectional and primary care based study was has been conducted since May 2014 and will be completed in May 2015. The primary care-based survey was applied in face to face interview to family physicians. Results: The study enrolled 261 physicians (mean age of 46 years-old). Male to female ratio was 95/166. The frequency of current smokers was 29.1%. The ratio of current smokers among male to female physicians was significantly high (37.3% versus 14.7%; p Conclusion: The preliminary study revealed that the smoking prevalence was quite high and comparatively higher among male than female. The significant difference was more marked under age of 50. Pre-and post-graduate training on smoking cessation among family physicians seemed to be not satisfactory.