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The agricultural sector is an important source of economic resources for the Slovak Republic. In 2014, the contribution of the value added generated, in the primary sector, to their domestic production was 4.4% and people who lived in rural areas as percentage of the total population was 46% that year. The objective was to make a characterization of the agriculture and rural development of the Slovak Republic (1993-2014). Methodology. The economic indicators used by the World Bank in the section on agriculture and rural development were used for the characterization. Results. In the analyzed period, the value added by Slovakian worker to farming, fertilizer use and yields in cereal production were increasing over time trend; lands for agriculture, irrigated areas, the use of tractors, agricultural production, animal production and food production were decreasing over time trend. The rural population of Slovakia increased over time. The total population employed in agricultural activities was 4% in 2014. Limitations. Topics such as participation of young people in agricultural activities, migration, educational level in rural areas and actions being taken to protect the environment were lacking. Conclusions. The contribution of added value generated by Slovak agriculture will continue declining, but the added value per Slovak worker to agricultural activity will increase. The rural population will continue having a marginal rising trend and the population engaged in agricultural activities will continue declining over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]