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Con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de la densidad de siembra sobre los caracteres morfoproductivos de Jatropha curcas intercalada con cultivos en rotación, se estudiaron en un diseño completamente aleatorizado los siguientes tratamientos-sistemas (S): S1 (testigo): J. curcas a 2,5 x 2,0 m (2 000 plantas/ha), S2: 50 % del área con J. curcas a 2,5 x 2,0 m y 50 % del área de cultivos en rotación (2 000 plantas/ha), S3: J. curcas intercalada con cultivos a 5,0 x 2,0 m (1 000 plantas/ha), S4 (testigo): cultivos en rotación. Para interpretar los resultados de la altura de la planta (A), el número de ramas primarias (RP), el grosor del tallo y de las ramas primarias, la cantidad de racimos (NR) y la producción de frutos (FC) se utilizó un ANOVA de clasificación simple, y fueron correlacionadas A, RP y NR; mientras que se usó estadística descriptiva para el número de frutos por racimo (FR), el peso y las dimensiones de las semillas y el rendimiento de los cultivos . A y RP fueron mayores para S1 y S2; sin embargo, se obtuvo mayor NR con S3, y este último no difirió en cuanto a FC (p < 0,05) del testigo (S1). Existió una correlación alta y positiva (r = 0,84) entre A y RP, pero estos no estuvieron correlacionados con NR. En S3, el rendimiento de los cultivos asociados fue de 1,023; 4,281 y 0,320 t/ha para frijol, boniato y ajonjolí, respectivamente. Se concluye que al utilizar 1 000 plantas/ha de J. curcas en sistemas de asociación, se pueden obtener adecuados rendimientos y diversidad de especies vegetales.

In order to determine the effect of planting density on the morpho-productive traits of Jatropha curcas intercropped with crops under rotation, the following treatments-systems (S) were studied in a completely randomized design: S1 (control): J. curcas at 2,5 x 2,0 m (2 000 plants/ha), S2: 50% of the area with J. curcas at 2,5 x 2,0 m and 50% of the area with crops under rotation (2 000 plants/ha), S3: J. curcas intercropped with crops at 5,0 x 2,0 m (1 000 plants/ha), S4 (control): crops under rotation. To interpret the results of plant height (H), number of primary branches (PB), stem diameter and primary branch diameter, quantity of racemes (NR) and fruit production (FP), a simple classification ANOVA was used and H, PB and NR were correlated; while descriptive statistics was used for the number of fruits per raceme (FR), weight and size of the seeds and crop yield. H and PB were higher for S1 and S2; nevertheless, higher NR was obtained with S3, and this last one did not differ regarding FP (p < 0,05) from the control (S1). There was high and positive correlation (r = 0,84) between H and PB, but they were not correlated with NR. In S3, the yield of the associated crops was 1,023; 4,281 and 0,320 t/ha for beans, sweet potato and sesame, respectively. It is concluded that when using 1 000 plants/ha in association systems, adequate yields and diversity of plant species can be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the objective of determining the effect of planting density on the initial growth of mulberry, during the establishment stage, three planting frames were studied: 1 m x 0,80; 1 m x 0,40; and triple rows separated at 0,5 m between rows x 0,40 m between plants and at 1 m between triple rows (12 500; 25 000 and 37 500 plants/ha, respectively). For this a completely randomized design was used. The period of evaluation was 10 months. Five plants were randomly selected in each plot and the height and number of branches were measured monthly. In the data processing a factorial analysis was used, by means of the option One-Way ANOVA corresponding to the statistical pack SPSS version 10.0. In the comparison of means Duncan's multiple range test was used, for a significance level at P<0,05. The results indicated statistical differences in each variant regarding plant height. With the density of 25 000 plants/ha the highest height was reached (90,8 cm); while for 12 500 and 37 500 plants/ha no statistical differences were found. Regarding the number of branches, the highest values were found when using the lowest planting density. The densities studied were concluded to influence significantly the establishment of the mulberry crop; to continue the study during the exploitation stage of the crop is recommended, aiming to evaluate the influence of this factor on the yield and bromatological composition of the plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de la densidad de plantación en el crecimiento inicial de la morera, durante la etapa de establecimiento, se estudiaron tres marcos de plantación: 1 m x 0,80; 1 m x 0,40; y surcos triples separados a 0,5 m de camellón x 0,40 m de narigón y a 1 m entre surcos triples (12 500; 25 000 y 37 500 planta/ha, respectivamente). Para ello se utilizó un diseño totalmente aleatorizado. El período de evaluación fue de 10 meses. Se seleccionaron cinco plantas al azar en cada parcela y se midió la altura y el número de ramas, mensualmente. En el procesamiento de los datos se utilizó un análisis factorial, mediante la opción One-Way ANOVA correspondiente al paquete estadístico SPSS versión 10.0. En la comparación de las medias se usó la prueba de rangos múltiples de Duncan, para un nivel de significación a PWith the objective of determining the effect of planting density on the initial growth of mulberry, during the establishment stage, three planting frames were studied: 1 m x 0,80; 1 m x 0,40; and triple rows separated at 0,5 m between rows x 0,40 m between plants and at 1 m between triple rows (12 500; 25 000 and 37 500 plants/ha, respectively). For this a completely randomized design was used. The period of evaluation was 10 months. Five plants were randomly selected in each plot and the height and number of branches were measured monthly. In the data processing a factorial analysis was used, by means of the option One-Way ANOVA corresponding to the statistical pack SPSS version 10.0. In the comparison of means Duncan’s multiple range test was used, for a significance level at P