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During accident process equipment, storage area and associated accessories can release hazardous material very quickly and insignificant quantity to spread out in dangerous cloud throughout the plant site and local communities. Areal location of Hazardous Atmosphere (ALOHA) is a software design specially in responding to hazardous material releases. Aloha models assess key hazards such as toxicity, flammability, thermal radiation and explosion over pressure related to chemical releases in the event of either fire or explosion. This paper covers actual damage distances due to flammable liquids and gases of oil refinery stored in finished product section in different pressure vessels. Catastrophic rupture of the individual product has been described in imaging worst scenario and damage distances for heat loads has been calculated. The output of ALOHA Tool provide the worst case scenario consequences results on plant and nearby local community and summarizes the useful fact for onsite emergency plan of oil refinery.

Thermal power plant uses coal as fuel for their working. Coal after burning leaves ash. Disposal of this ash is also one important task. Ash comes in contact with open environment and has adverse effects on health of human being. Due to these various health problems like skin diseases, breathing problem etc. are started in man working under those premises. Some other elements like boiler, turbine, generator, material handling are those elements due to which hazards and accidents take place while operation and maintenance of these. This work focuses on identification of various Occupational diseases and injuries, health risks associated with the man power working in thermal power plant. This data were collected by questionnaires and personnel interview of the workers working in different section of the thermal power plant like boiler section, turbine & generator section, coal & ash handling plant, hydrogen plant etc. Analysis is done in terms of different variables, such as age, skills experience, type of injuries and type of diseases. Results are shown in the form graph and chart. The results indicate a remarkable and visible impact on health of workers during operation and maintenance.

The basic characteristics of foam concentrates appl ication rate and their flow rates for fire fighting to extinguish tank fire are briefed. It is pointed out that the present fire fighting systems of large scale crude oil storage depots canno t meet the need to extinguish tank fires. In petroleum refinery, various hydrocarbons, both liquid and gaseous are handled. These hydroca rbons are flammable and explosive in nature and volatile to varying degrees depending upon their operating conditions. As the process operations are carried out at elevated temperatures and pressures, they of fer high risk of fire and explosions and therefore it is imperative that proper safety precautions are taken in carrying out operations sa fely and prevent incidence of fires and explosions. This paper covers the application rate and flow rates of foam onto a fire is normally expressed as the amount of foam soluti on, in litres per minute, to be applied to every square metre of the total area to be covered with foam.