1. Diversidade de abelhas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) e visitação floral em uma área de Mata Atlântica no Sul do Brasil
- Author
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David Silva Nogueira, Alexandre Somavilla, Andreas Köhler, and Karine Schoeninger
- Subjects
pollination ,Pollination ,flower visitors ,Fauna ,Hymenoptera ,trophic niche overlap ,Native bees ,sobreposição de nicho trófico ,lcsh:QH540-549.5 ,lcsh:Botany ,Botany ,lcsh:Zoology ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,polinização ,Apidae ,biology ,Asteraceae ,biology.organism_classification ,Apoidea ,visitantes florais ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Abelhas nativas ,Taxon ,Species richness ,lcsh:Ecology ,Apis mellifera - Abstract
Resumo. A grande riqueza de abelhas esta atrelada a grande diversidade de plantas com flores, que possuem certas atratividades para garantir a visita as flores, e consequente polinizacao. No Rio Grande do Sul, estudos sobre a fauna de abelhas e a flora apicola associada ja foram realizados, porem ainda sao escassos. Desta forma, correlacionamos os taxons de abelhas e especies de plantas coletados em uma area florestal urbana e verificamos as relacoes ecologicas e troficas entre elas, especialmente ao nicho da abelha exotica Apis mellifera Linnaeus, sobre as abelhas silvestres. Coletamos nas flores um total de 2.772 abelhas determinadas em cinco familias, 54 generos e 88 taxons. Apidae foi a familia melhor representada com 35 especies e 2.047 individuos. As abelhas foram coletadas em 43 especies de plantas classificadas em 19 familias botânicas sendo Asteraceae a mais visitada. A planta com o maior numero de abelhas coletadas foi Citrus sinensis (L.), 30% do total, tendo A . mellifera a mais representativa. 34% dos taxons de abelhas estao correlacionados as especies de plantas visitadas, contudo, quando verificamos esta correlacao excluindo a especie A. mellifera ,ocorre um aumento significativo, atingindo 93%. A manutencao deste fragmento vegetal a suas flores e importante para conservacao da biodiversidade apifauna local. Diversity of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) and floral visitation in an Atlantic Forest area in southern Brazil Abstract. The high bees’ richness is associated to the great diversity of flowering plants, which have some attractiveness to ensure flowers visiting and the consequent pollination. In Rio Grande do Sul state, studies on the bee fauna associated with bee flora have already been made but are uncommon. In this way, the taxa of bees and plants species visited were correlated, and the ecological and trophic relations between them, particularly in relation to the niche of the exotic bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus on wild bees were analyzed, in an urban forest area. We collected 2,772 bees from the flowers, determined in five families, 54 genera and 88 taxa. Apidae was the best family represented with 35 species and 2,047 individuals. The bees were collected from 43 plants species, classified in 19 botanical families, Asteraceae are the most visited. The plant with the largest number of bees collected was Citrus sinensis (L.), 30% of the bees, and the A. mellifera the most representative. 34% of the taxa of bees are correlated to the species of plants visited, however, when we see this correlation excluding A. mellifera , there is a significant increase, reaching 93%. The maintenance of this plant fragment and the flowers is important for preserving the bees’ biodiversity in this site.
- Published
- 2018
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