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The article highlights the development of various ultrawideband (UWB) filter types in the U.S. It states that the multiple-mode resonator (MMR) structures and three-line microstrip structures, which has a good passband frequency performance, are widely adopted as an effective form of wideband filter. It notes that the proposed UWB bandpass filters (BPF) can achieve a wide passband, while providing a narrow notch band.

The article focuses on a study which found that the use of defected-ground-structure (DGS) cells results in a low-pass filter (LPF) that reduces passband insertion loss and are more compact compared to conventional DGS-based lowpass filters. It states that DGS cells are effective building blocks for high-performance and high-frequency filters. Furthermore, the LPF are necessary components in the modern communications systems.

The article focuses on the retrodirective arrays that fits the compact designs. The detrodirective arrays represent a form of antenna array, which is capable of traits such as self-beam tracking, high reaction speed, and low cost. The antenna configurations are suited for a variety of different applications in radar, satellite-communications and wireless communications in radio-frequency-identification (RFID) products.