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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain the process by which El Sewedy Company in Egypt decided to expand internationally by examining several modes of entry and choosing the best choice to expand in Russia and Kazakhstan. Design/methodology/approach – The authors did several market analyses for each company to discover the external and internal environments. In addition, they weighted the advantages and disadvantages of each mode of entry to decide on the best mode to enter Russia and Kazakhstan. Findings – The results confirm that the expansion for El Sewedy is challenging whether in Russia or Kazakhstan. Currently, El Sewedy's strategy is to deal through distributors to minimize risk; these distributors are mostly working in Kazakhstan given their easy connections and access there. The best solution for El Sewedy to expand is to trade high voltage and medium voltage cables in Kazakhstan as well as the trade of high voltage cables in Russia. Whether it is trading, exporting or a joint venture, El Sewedy's intentions are clear in its willingness to access the Russian and Kazakhstani markets, due to their richness and most of all their location as a central trade area in the region. Research limitations/implications – The comparison between Russia and Kazakhstan may appear very similar since both countries share almost the same circumstances and environment. Therefore, some of the information may be repeated twice to analyze both countries. Practical implications – The results of this case study ensure the importance of analyzing the different modes of entry and doing a cost-benefit analysis before deciding on how to expand in foreign market. Since circumstances and environments vary between markets, it is crucial to know all the details of the country in order to succeed in expanding in this foreign market. Originality/value – This study explains a common case that happens in Egypt and every country whenever a company decides to expand. Usually, a company prefers a certain mode of entry over the other, but what is necessary is to follow what El Sewedy did, which is to evaluate all alternatives equally then decide on the best choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to critically examine higher education (HE) internationalisation in terms of international recruitment and academic collaboration, with a focus on market entry strategies and programme delivery methods, and to define an education-specific dynamic framework. Design/methodology/approach – A single university was chosen as the case study and 20 interviewees participated in this qualitative research. Content analysis, critical discourse analysis and categorisation of meaning are adopted as data analysis strategies. Findings – The dynamic framework is constructed based on the analysis of both commercial internationalisation and HE internationalisation. It presents the relationship between these two areas, and creates an education-specific pattern of HE internationalisation, including modes of entry, programme delivery methods and potential areas of further development. Research limitations/implications – The dynamic framework contributes to rich understanding of internationalisation of HE in the case study. Further research in this area is encouraged to test the framework in other universities. Practical implications – The dynamic framework presents international market expansion within an institutional context. This framework can help institutions better understand international development in HE, and guide universities' implementation of internationalisation by providing education-specific modes of entry and programme delivery methods. Originality/value – This research uses literature on commercial internationalisation to interpret HE internationalisation, explains the relationship between them, and creates an education-specific framework, which is bespoke for international market expansion in HE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]