1. Towards a modern definition of vitamin E-evidence for a quinone hypothesis.
- Author
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Shrader WD, Amagata A, Barnes A, Hinman A, Jankowski O, Lee E, Kheifets V, Komatsuzaki R, Mollard P, Murase K, Rioux P, Wesson K, and Miller G
- Subjects
- Animals, CHO Cells, Cricetinae, Dogs, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Design, Fibroblasts metabolism, Friedreich Ataxia metabolism, Humans, Hydrolases chemistry, Mice, Micronucleus Tests, Models, Chemical, NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) metabolism, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxidative Stress, Rats, Vitamin E analogs & derivatives, Vitamin E metabolism, Vitamin E pharmacology, alpha-Tocopherol metabolism, Nutritional Sciences, Quinones chemistry, Vitamin E chemistry
- Abstract
We report on the synthesis, biological and pharmacological activity of the tocoquinone natural product, α-tocopherol quinone (ATQ); an oxidative metabolite of α-tocopherol. ATQ is a potent cellular protectant against oxidative stress, whose biological activity is dependent upon its ability to undergo reversible two-electron redox cycling. ATQ is orally bioavailable, with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and has demonstrated a beneficial clinical response in patients with Friedreich's ataxia. ATQ is a member of a broader class of vitamin E derived quinone metabolites which may be ascribable in whole or in part to the activity of vitamin E., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
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