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This study aimed to evaluate clinical utility of 2D-markerless motion analysis (2DMMA) from a single camera during a reaching-sideways-task in individuals with dyskinetic cerebral palsy (DCP) by determining (1) concurrent validity by correlating 2DMMA against marker-based 3D-motion analysis (3DMA) and (2) construct validity by assessing differences in 2DMMA features between DCP and typically developing (TD) peers. 2DMMA key points were tracked from frontal videos of a single camera by DeepLabCut and accuracy was assessed against human labelling. Shoulder, elbow and wrist angles were calculated from 2DMMA and 3DMA (as gold standard) and correlated to assess concurrent validity. Additionally, execution time and variability features such as mean point-wise standard deviation of the angular trajectories (i.e. shoulder elevation, elbow and wrist flexion/extension) and wrist trajectory deviation by mean overshoot and convex hull were calculated from key points. 2DMMA features were compared between the DCP group and TD peers to assess construct validity. Fifty-one individuals (30 DCP;21 TD; age:5-24 years) participated. An accuracy of approximately 1.5 cm was reached for key point tracking. While significant correlations were found for wrist (ρ = 0.810;p < 0.001) and elbow angles (ρ = 0.483;p < 0.001), 2DMMA shoulder angles were not correlated (ρ = 0.247;p = 0.102) to 3DMA. Wrist and elbow angles, execution time and variability features all differed between groups (Effect sizes 0.35-0.81;p < 0.05). Videos of a reaching-sideways-task processed by 2DMMA to assess upper extremity movements in DCP showed promising validity. The method is especially valuable to assess movement variability., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Trunk control and upper limb function are often disturbed in people with dyskinetic cerebral palsy. While trunk control is fundamental in upper limb activities, insights in trunk control in dyskinetic cerebral palsy are missing. This study aimed to determine trunk movement characteristics in individuals with dyskinetic cerebral palsy during reaching., Methods: Twenty individuals with dyskinetic cerebral palsy (MACS level I-III (16y6m)) and 20 typical developing peers (17y2m) were included. Participants performed three tasks: reach forward, reach sideways, and reach and grasp vertically, using a cross-sectional study design. Movements were analyzed using 3D motion capture and a sensor on the trunk. Trunk range of motion, joint angle at point of task achievement, peak and range of angular velocity and linear acceleration were compared between groups using Mann-Whitney U and independent t-tests., Findings: Participants with dyskinetic cerebral palsy showed higher trunk range of motion in all planes during reach forward and reach and grasp vertically, and in rotation and lateral flexion during reach sideways. During reach and grasp vertically, the joint angle at point of task achievement differed in the transversal plane. Ranges of angular velocity and linear acceleration were higher for all tasks and planes for participants with dyskinetic cerebral palsy, and for peak values in nearly all planes., Interpretation: Current results provide insights in trunk control at population level. This is a first step towards a better and individualized evaluation and treatment for trunk control, being an important factor in improving functional activities for individuals with dyskinetic cerebral palsy., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)