1. Spirooxindole-pyrrolidine heterocyclic hybrids promotes apoptosis through activation of caspase-3.
- Author
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Kumar RS, Almansour AI, Arumugam N, Mohammad F, Kotresha D, and Menéndez JC
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Agents chemistry, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cycloaddition Reaction, Humans, Spiro Compounds chemistry, Structure-Activity Relationship, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Apoptosis drug effects, Caspase 3 metabolism, Indoles chemistry, Pyrrolidines chemistry
- Abstract
A small library of spirooxindole-pyrrolidine hybrids have been synthesized for the first time in an ionic liquid, [bmim]Br in good to excellent yields employing a new class of non-stabilized azomethine ylides derived from isatin and tyrosine, a combination that has been rarely employed for the in situ generation of azomethine ylides using [3+2] cycloaddition strategy. Following the synthesis and characterization of the spirooxindole-pyrrolidine heterocyclic hybrids, they were tested for their anticancer activity as against the changes in the concentrations and time periods with different in vitro cell cultures containing cancer and non-cancer cells, where the results revealed for a potential therapeutic activity. Further analysis for the mechanism of cell death by the cancer cells indicated for the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway, specifically mediated by caspase-3. Based on these results, it can be demonstrated that the synthesized spirooxindole-pyrrolidine hybrids may serve as one of the better therapeutic agents used for the treatment of malignant tumors., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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