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Objective: In France, C-sections are classified through a color code according to their degree of urgency. A red-classified C-section is triggered when life of mother or fetus is immediately threatened These cases happen very rarely and represent less than 1% of total deliveries. Many French maternity hospitals are above this rate. This risky procedure should remain an exception. The main purpose of this study is to develop a new tool enabling to determine the relevance of red C-sections in order to improve obstetrical practices., Methods: Eleven national obstetrical experts were submitted with relevant-estimated indications of red C-sections. A two-round Delphi methodology was then used to reach a consensus on a new table of relevance., Results: Five different groups of indications were proposed to the panel of experts. After two rounds, four groups achieved a consensus by being qualified "very relevant" or "relevant" by more than 80% of the 11 experts., Conclusion: The aim of this new consensual table of relevance is to improve quality of care. It allows to evaluate the relevance of red C-sections and determine when red C-sections are non-relevant but it particularly helps teams to identify ways of improvements. Finally, this tool enables a reproductible analysis that can be further intra- or inter-hospitals developed towards harmonization of practices., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)