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Purpose: To investigate the change in the vault of the implantable collamer lens (ICL) under dark-to-light conditions and its association with anterior chamber and lens parameters in patients undergoing ICL surgery., Methods: In 76 eyes from 40 patients, preoperative anterior chamber volume (ACV), pupil diameter (PD), anterior chamber angle, central corneal thickness (CCT), white-to-white (WTW), lens thickness (LT), axial length (AL), spherical equivalent (SE) and patient's age were collected. Postoperative vault, PD and LT were measured under dark and light conditions using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (CASIA2; TOMEY, Japan), and changes and lens displacement under dark-to-light conditions were calculated. Mixed-effects models were used to analyze the correlation between the vault change and the anterior chamber and lens parameters of all subjects and the high-vault subgroup., Results: The vault under light condition (648.36 ± 304.47 μm) was significantly smaller compared to the vault under dark condition (708.89 ± 316.15 μm). In all patients, vault change increased with the increase of age, lens displacement and PD change; and increased with the decrease of ACV, LT change and baseline vault (under dark condition). In the high-vault subgroup, vault change increased with the increase of CCT, lens displacement and PD change; and increased with the decrease of ACV., Conclusions: ICL vault changes significantly from dark to light, influenced by age, ACV, PD change, LT change, lens displacement, and baseline vault. A higher baseline vault is correlated with a larger LT change, affecting the levels of accommodation under dark-to-light transition., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Purpose: To investigate the normative data of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and angle (ACA) and their associations in multiethnic cohorts spanning three generations in Russia., Methods: The study cohort included the participants of three population-based studies performed in urban and rural Bashkortostan/Russia: The Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS; age:40+ years), Ural Children Eye Study (UCES; age:6-18 years), and Ural Very Old Study (UVOS; age:85+ years). Using Scheimflug camera-based anterior chamber imaging, we measured ACD and ACA as part of a comprehensive ophthalmological and systemic examination. Exclusion criterion was previous cataract surgery., Results: The study included 4869 (98.7 %) children out of 4933 children of the UCES, 5426 (92.0 %) out of 5899 UEMS participants, and 268 (16.3 %) out of 1526 UVOS participants. In the UEMS, shallower ACD (mean:3.14 ± 0.37 mm) correlated (multivariable analysis; r[2] = 0.57) with older age (beta: 0.08; P  < 0.001), shorter body height (beta:0.03; P  = 0.003), shorter axial length (beta:0.34; P  < 0.001), lower corneal volume (beta:0.06; P  < 0.001) and corneal refractive power (beta:0.12; P  < 0.001), thicker lens (beta: 0.09; P  < 0.001), higher IOP (beta: 0.03; P  = 0.02), higher prevalence of angle-closure glaucoma (beta: 0.03; P  = 0.003) and lower prevalence of open-angle glaucoma (beta:0.03; P  = 0.007). Similar associations were found in the UCES (ACD mean:3.70 ± 0.27 mm) and UVOS (ACD mean:2.96 ± 0.56 mm)., Conclusions: In this population-based cohort of three generations from rural and urban Bashkortostan, ACD decreased from the children cohort (mean:3.70 ± 0.27 mm) to the adult cohort (mean:3.14 ± 0.37 mm) and to the very old cohort (2.96 ± 0.56 mm). Determinants of shallow ACD were older age and lower body height, in addition to the ocular biometric parameters of shorter axial length, lower corneal volume, corneal refractive power, and thinner lens thickness., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Authors.)