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Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) stands as the leading cause of preventable death within hospitals in the United States. Although there have been some studies investigating the incidence rates of VTE, there has yet to be a large-scale study elucidating disparities in sex, race, income, region, and seasons in patients with VTE. The goal of this study was to report the disparities in race, sex, income, region, and seasons in patients with VTE, pulmonary embolism (PE), and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), in hospitalized patients from 2016 to 2019., Methods: We used the United States National Inpatients Sample database to identify inpatients diagnosed with PE, DVT, and PE and DVT from 2016 to 2019. The inpatient incidence per thousand was calculated for sex and race using the weighted sample model. The regional and monthly incidence of DVT and PE per thousand inpatients and risk of incidence were calculated. Patients' characteristics including hospital type, bed size, median length of stay, median total charges, and mortality were also collected., Results: We examined 455,111 cases of VTE, 177,410 cases of DVT, 189,271 cases of PE, and 88,430 cases of both DVT and PE combined. Over the study period, we observed a statistically significant trend among PE hospitalization incidences. There was a strong and positive correlation between DVT and PE inpatients. Black inpatients had the highest cumulative incidence of hospitalizations in all cohorts with 10.36 per 1000 in PE and 9.1 per 1000 in DVT. Asian and Pacific Islander inpatients had the lowest cumulative incidence with 4.42 per 1000 in PE and 4.28 per 1000 in DVT. Females showed the lowest cumulative incidence with 7.47 per 1000 in PE and 6.53 per 1000 in DVT. The Mountain region was the highest among PE hospitalizations with 9.62 per 1000. For DVT, the Middle Atlantic region was the highest at 8.65 per 1000. The in-hospital mortality rate was the highest among the PE hospitalizations at 7.3%. Also, the trend analysis showed significant increases among all groups., Conclusions: Over the study period (2016-2019), we report the racial, biological sex, and geographical disparities from the National Inpatient Sample database, highlighting that Black inpatients had the highest incidence of PE and DVT, whereas Asian/Pacific Islander inpatients had the lowest incidences of PE and DVT. Moreover, women had a lower incidence compared with men. The observed regional variations indicated that the incidence of PE was highest in the Mountain region, whereas the incidence of DVT was lowest in the Middle Atlantic region. There was an increase in the mortality of inpatients diagnosed with VTE reflecting the growing burden of this condition in the US health care system., Competing Interests: Disclosures None., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: Studies have shown that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a hypercoagulable state. Studies have yet to examine the interconnectedness between COVID-19, hypercoagulability, and socioeconomics. The aim of this work was to investigate socioeconomic factors that may be associated with pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and COVID-19 in the United States., Methods: We performed a 1-year (2020) analysis of the National Inpatient Sample database. We identified all adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19, acute PE, or acute DVT using unweighted samples. We calculated the correlation and odds ratio (OR) between COVID-19 and (1) PE and (2) DVT. We executed a univariate analysis followed by a multivariate analysis to examine the effect of different factors on PE and DVT during the COVID-19 pandemic., Results: We identified 322,319 patients with COVID-19; 78,101 and 67,826 patients were identified with PE and DVT, respectively. PE and DVT, as well as inpatient mortality associated with both conditions, are significantly correlated with COVID-19. The OR between COVID-19 and PE was 2.04, while the OR between COVID-19 and DVT was 1.44. Using multivariate analysis, COVID-19 was associated with a higher incidence of PE (coefficient, 2.05) and DVT (coefficient, 1.42). Other factors that were significantly associated (P < .001) with increased incidence of PE and DVT along with their coefficients, respectively, include Black race (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-1.14), top quartile income (95% CI, 1.08-1.16), west region (95% CI, 1.10-1.04), urban teaching facilities (95% CI, 1.09-1.63), large bed size hospitals (95% CI, 1.08-1.29), insufficient insurance (95% CI, 1.88-2.19), hypertension (95% CI, 1.24-1.32), and obesity (95% CI, 1.41-1.25). Factors that were significantly associated (P < .001) with decreased incidence of PE and DVT along with their coefficients, respectively, include Asians/Pacific Islanders (95% CI, 0.52-0.53), female sex (95% CI, 0.79-0.74), homelessness (95% CI, 0.62-0.61), and diabetes mellitus (0.77-0.90)., Conclusions: In the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, COVID-19 is correlated positively with venous thromboembolism, including its subtypes, PE and DVT. Using a multivariate analysis, Black race, male sex, top quartile income, west region, urban teaching facilities, large bed size hospitals, and insufficient social insurance were associated significantly with an increased incidence of PE and DVT. Asians/Pacific Islanders, female sex, homelessness, and diabetes mellitus were significantly associated decreased incidence of PE and DVT., Competing Interests: Disclosures None., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)