1. Musculoskeletal Disorders.
- Author
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Fernandes G, Gonçalves DAG, and Conti P
- Subjects
- Facial Pain physiopathology, Facial Pain therapy, Humans, Masticatory Muscles physiopathology, Temporomandibular Joint Disc physiopathology, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders etiology, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders physiopathology, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders therapy, Facial Pain etiology, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders complications
- Abstract
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD), a type of musculoskeletal pain, is a main cause of pain in the orofacial region. It involves the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joints (TMJs), and associated structures. The most common signs and symptoms are pain, limited range of motion, and TMJ sounds. TMD is a highly prevalent condition with a multifactorial etiology. Management aims to reduce pain and to improve function using a combination of therapeutic options. Noninvasive techniques are the first option and should be indicated considering the needs of each individual, the clinical features, and the mechanisms involved., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
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