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Objective: To study the reproductive and metabolic differences between daughters of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOSd) and control women (Cd) after menarche., Design: Case-control study., Setting: Clinical endocrinology unit., Patient(s): We studied 43 PCOSd and 28 Cd 1.5-6 years after menarche., Intervention(s): Determination of anthropometry, pubertal development, hirsutism, oral glucose tolerance test, and GnRH analogue test., Main Outcome Measure(s): Ferriman score, sex steroids, gonadotropins, antimüllerian hormone (AMH), ovarian volumes, and glucose and insulin levels., Result(s): The groups were similar in chronologic, gynecologic, and menarchal ages and anthropometric variables. Ferriman score, ovarian volumes, and AMH were higher in PCOSd. Propensity score analysis showed that there were significant differences in LH, LH-FSH ratio, T and free androgen index, post-stimulated LH and LH-FSH ratio, and 2-hour insulin that could be attributed only to the fact of being a PCOS daughter. The generalized linear model showed that higher LH levels were positively associated with AMH and T levels., Conclusion(s): We found that higher LH, androgen, and insulin levels are present in PCOSd during the postmenarchal period, which may establish the basis for the development of PCOS during adulthood. Moreover, LH levels were associated with AMH levels, which supports that the neuroendocrine feedback proposed for AMH and LH is present in humans and that this feature is probably programed in utero, as recently shown in mice., (Copyright © 2018 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To study the association between endocrine disturbances and metabolic complications in women seeking gynecologic care., Design: Retrospective study, cluster analysis., Setting: Outpatient clinic, university medical center., Patient(s): 573 women, including 384 at low risk and 189 at high risk of cardiometabolic disease., Intervention(s): None., Main Outcome Measure(s): Cardiovascular and metabolic parameters and clinical and biochemical characteristics., Result(s): Risk factors for metabolic disease are associated with a low age of menarche, high levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and liver enzymes, and low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin. Overweight/obese status, polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo/amenorrhea, and hyperandrogenism were found to increase the risk of cardiometabolic disease. However, hyperprolactinemia and premature ovarian failure were not associated with the risk of cardiometabolic disease. In terms of androgens, the serum total testosterone level and free androgen index but not androstenedione or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were associated with cardiometabolic risk., Conclusion(s): Although polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with metabolic risk, obesity was the major determinant of cardiometabolic disturbances in reproductive-aged women. Hyperprolactinemia and premature ovarian failure were not associated with the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases., Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT01826357., (Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)