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Autoinflammatory keratinization disease (AiKD) is a novel clinical concept encompassing diseases with a genetic background and mixed pathogenic mechanisms of autoinflammation and autoimmunity, leading to an aberrant keratinization of the skin. Recent advances in medical genetics have revealed genetic causes and/or predisposing factors for a number of AiKD's, such as mutations in IL36RN related with pustular psoriasis, acrodermatitis continua and hidradenitis suppurativa, in CARD14 in pityriasis rubra pilaris type V and some forms of pustular psoriasis, and in NLRP1 related with familial keratosis lichenoides chronica (KLC). It is suspected that AiKD pathophysiology would also be involved in non-monogenic disorders. The bidirectional relationship between inflammation and keratinization should be understood in order to outline optimal management, and new drug development should take both targets into account. We assume that new inflammatory keratinization diseases may be recognized as AiKDs in the coming years., (Copyright © 2021. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

Background and Objective: Pivotal trials with omalizumab for treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) are generally run over 12 to 24weeks. However, in clinical practice, many patients need longer treatment. In this article, we present an algorithm for treatment with omalizumab., Material and Methods: The consensus document we present is the result of a series of meetings by the CSU working group of "Xarxa d'Urticària Catalana i Balear" (XUrCB) at which data from the recent literature were presented, discussed, compared, and agreed upon., Results: Treatment with omalizumab should be initiated at the authorized dose, and is adjusted at 3-monthly intervals according to the Urticaria Activity Score Over 7days, the Urticaria Control Test, or both., Conclusions: The algorithm proposed is designed to provide guidance on how to adjust omalizumab doses, how and when to discontinue the drug, and how to reintroduce it in cases of relapse., (Copyright © 2018 AEDV. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: Evaluation of reliability of measurements of IOP obtained with air-puff noncontact tonometer respect the obtained with the conventional Goldmann tonometer. As well, analysis of the possibility of a higher difference between the measurements by both methods respect the fact of being myope or hypermetrope., Design: Comparative study of two measurement methods., Setting: General ophthalmology clinic and primary care clinic of our sanitary area., Patients: Aleatory sample among the patients who went to the general ophthalmology clinic for any cause from the first of May to the thirtieth of June of 1996. The patients with predisposing processes for glaucoma were excluded, as well as those who suffered ocular surgery or those who took drugs which influenced the IOP., Interventions: The ophthalmologist made three measurements of IOP in each eye and the sight of all the patients were tested. The arithmetic average was made among every three measurements. The physician of primary care made three measurements of IOP in each eye with the air-puff noncontact tonometer, and the arithmetic average was made., Results: 81 patients were included, from whom 7 presented high IOP. The sensibility of the air-puff noncontact tonometer, compared with Goldmann tonometer, was 86% (95% CI, 18.20-99.63%), and the specificity 84% (95% CI, 89.66-78.08%). The air-puff noncontact tonometer obtained measurements between 1.116 and 2.008 mmHg higher than the Goldman tonometer. This difference, worthless from the clinic point of view, didn't find a relationship with the fact of being myope or hypermetrope. It was found a positive lineal association between the measurements made by both methods, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8086 (p < 0.001, 95% CI, 0.7476-0.8560)., Conclusions: The results obtained are similar to the ones of other published series. A tendency of higher measurements with the air-puff noncontact tonometer is observed. It hasn't been observed a higher difference between both methods in myopes. The air-puff tonometer is a valid reliable technique to be used in primary care, it is easy to use, it doesn't transmit infectious illnesses, and it isn't necessary to use anaesthetic or staining eyedrops.