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Objective: To summarize the qualitative evidence on the role of care providers in the prevention of falls of persons over 65 years of age in centres and in the community., Design: Meta-summary of qualitative evidence following the aggregation method., Data Sources: Extensive manual search of 16 databases (CINAHL, Pubmed/Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, PeDRO, Opengrey (Reports), Cuiden, Cuidatge, Enfispo, Medes, Lilacs, Teseo, Dissertation and Thesis Global and Ibecs), in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese; no time limit., Selection of Studies: Selection and blind critical appraisal by pairs. A first relevance and relevance screening and a second critical appraisal screening were carried out. A total of 4170 articles were located; 41 qualitative articles were critically appraised and 31 were selected., Data Extraction: Data regarding author, year, study design, location, participants (number, age, sex and occupation), study methods and findings were extracted., Results: The analysis revealed four major themes: precipitating factors, preventive models, feelings and decision-making process. It also highlights the difficult act of ethical balance, the role of the institution in prevention and the fragmentation of care, as keys to successful implementation., Conclusions: The findings show the complexity of fall prevention and the need to incorporate care providers' opinions in preventive models., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To analyse and synthesize the evidence on fall prevention of people older than 65 years and their family care providers METHOD: Qualitative synthesis, which is a part of a convergent systematic integrative review. Forty-one qualitative studies were retained for full text scrutiny. Nine studies on family care providers were selected for this synthesis., Results: Care providing, and kinship relationships mediated family care providers' interventions to prevent falls in older people. The fall of the dependent relative constitutes a turning point in these relationships. Family care providers are vulnerable to having a fall themselves and therefore receivers of preventive interventions., Conclusions: Taking into account the context of care and family relations will improve the effectiveness of preventive interventions and will facilitate adherence. Fall prevention policy and programmes must pay better attention to the health and wellbeing of family care providers., (Copyright © 2019 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Aim: To know and understand the strategies carried out by the relatives of people with mental health problems in the care of their sick relatives., Design: Qualitative study SETTING: Mental Health Service (SESCAM) and Social Health Centres of Castilla-La Mancha region (Spain)., Participants: Twenty-four adult family members who live and care for a family member who suffers a mental health crisis. The participants were contacted both through the health directorate of the area and a social health foundation. They were selected with purpose and by snowball sampling., Method: Twenty-two semi-structured were conducted and analysed according to the constructivist grounded theory procedures between January 2014 and February 2016. The theoretical sampling guided the obtaining of the data that ended with the saturation of the emerging categories., Results: A person with a mental problem during a crisis becomes a stranger and is inaccessible to family members. In this situation the efforts are aimed at the recovery of the relative, to take them out of the unreason and to keep them in a day-to-day normality constructed for them. Thanks to this, the ill relative is integrated into family life., Conclusions: Family caregivers of people with mental problems struggle not to lose them in a crisis and to maintain family ties. Primary care professionals must give importance to these links, because it determines their care strategies during a crisis and the strategies to conserve the family member., (Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To describe the experience of women caregivers with chronic conditions who care for a dependent relative., Design: Qualitative study based on constructivist grounded theory., Location: Study conducted on two Health Areas urban of the Community of Madrid., Participants: Thirty nine women with a chronic condition who take care of dependent relatives were selected by means of purposive sampling., Method: Data were collected through 23 semi-structured interviews and 2 focus groups between April 2010 and December 2011. Grounded theory procedures were used in the data analysis., Results: To feel their life hampered describes the subjective experience of family caregivers with chronic conditions who take care of a dependent relative. When comparing their past life with the current life they become aware of the losses they have suffered over time. They feel less strong, sadder and less free; they worry about how to meet the demands of family care. The life they are leading makes them question the meaning of their own lives., Conclusions: This study shows the losses realized day by day by women caregivers with a chronic illness, which lead them to lose the meaning of their own lives. To know the experience of these women caregivers will help develop interventions and specific services that compensate for the losses they feel and help improve their quality of living., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Reflexivity is an English term that Spanish speaking people have to assign a technical meaning. Reflexivity expresses the conscience of researchers conscience and refers to their connection with the study's situation. It is a process by which researchers step back to critically exam the effect they have on the study and the impact of their interactions with participants. The reflexive process is embedded in all research levels and is present in all the research phases, from the research question to fieldwork, from data analysis to writing the final report. Nevertheless, the question is not so much to engage in reflective activities but to be a reflexive researcher. Reflexivity is a human ability that is present during social interactions. For this reason it is present in qualitative research. A self inquirer can be addressed as it is constructed by the relationships and interactions that are established with study participants. Reflexivity has an educational character that continues after the study is completed., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To understand caregivers' experience of rest., Method: We performed a qualitative study guided by grounded theory procedures. This study forms part of a wider study about burden relief in vulnerable situations. Seventeen women family caregivers of patients with advanced dementia were purposely sampled. Data were collected with 17 semi-structured interviews and were analyzed following grounded theory procedures., Results: Caregivers did not rest as previously, with rest being incomplete and depending on the well-being of the sick relative. In this study, tranquillity emerged as the central element of this new experience of rest. Rest was perceived as an interpreted experience involving organizational and emotional effort. Caregivers created and negotiated conditions that would provide the tranquillity to be able to rest., Conclusions: The present study provides greater insight into the experience of relief from the burden of care and highlights the moral connotation present in family care. Identifying how caregivers rest and what subjectively enables them to do so will not only help healthcare professionals to support and promote rest, but will also help to avoid blaming caregivers for not being able or wanting to rest. Support services should bear in mind the change that has taken place in the experience of relief in caregivers' lives.

In Spain, care in dependency has traditionally fallen to family members but this situation is changing. The existence of a model based on the family's contribution used to enable dependent elders to remain at home; however, social changes such as the crisis of the informal caregiving system, which has been extensively discussed in the literature is leading to the collapse of this situation. In an attempt to respond to this crisis, society has resorted to contracting immigrant women to carry out family care. Responsibility and caregiving is thus transferred to these women and is financially remunerated. Thus, family caregiving of the elderly provided by immigrants is presented as an important resource for care. The care of dependent elderly individuals is often the only opportunity for immigrant women who arrive in Spain in search of better conditions to become incorporated into the labor market. The dispersion of studies on immigrant care highlights the invisibility of this phenomenon. Based on a literature review, the present study highlights the situation of the family care provided by immigrant women and outlines the characteristics of this type of care. The relationship between caregiving and the conditions in which this care takes place is described. Given their situation, immigrant caregivers have a heavy burden of care and limited respite from caregiving responsibilities.

A qualitative research question reflects the researcher's paradigm and should be consistent with the proposed research method. A research question implies engaging in a process that defines the research area, subject, question, and place of the study. Because this process is interactive and changes during the course of the investigation, the beginnings are necessarily provisional. The qualitative research question is constructed, is central to the research process, and differs from what is commonly expected of a research question. Once formulated, the pertinence of the research question must be argued. Justifying a study does not imply an exhaustive literature review, but rather a selective one, by selecting the data that support the need for the study and the relevance of the research question. In practice, constructing a research question involves two phases: a first phase of intuitive reasoning and a second phase of theoretical and practical reasoning. A qualitative study can be prompted by distinct factors, common ones being personal experience, conversations with colleagues, lines of research, and the library.