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The rapid development of photovoltaic plays an important role in achieving the carbon-neutral goal. How to improve the conversion efficiency and power generation of solar photovoltaic has always been a focus issue. However, more attention is paid to the impact of photovoltaic panel working temperature on the performance of photovoltaic power generation, and how air temperature affects photovoltaic power generation has been ignored. This paper compared and analyzed the impact of the difference in air temperature between lake and land on the revenue of photovoltaic power generation, and established the functional equation between photovoltaic power generation, air temperature and solar radiation, and revealed the relationship between air temperature, solar radiation and photovoltaic power generation.

SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID 19), is responsible for the ongoing pandemic but still lacks approved antivirals. Repurposing pre-existing FDA approved drugs presents a rapid approach for new therapeutic options. In the present study, we report that three pre-existing FDA-approved drugs, i.e., vapreotide, grazoprevir, and simeprevir, inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in cells. The E50 values of vapreotide, grazoprevir, and simeprevir against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells was 3.98 ± 0.35 μM, 2.08 ± 0.13 μM, and 1.41 ± 0.12 μM, respectively. In vitro biochemical experiments further revealed that vapreotide, grazoprevir, and simeprevir efficiently inhibits the unwinding activity of the Nsp13 helicase of SARS-CoV-2 with IC50 values of ⁓10, ⁓2.5, and ⁓1.25 µM, respectively, providing signs for understanding their antiviral mechanism of action. Given their good safety profiles in their original indications, our study offices new insights in repurposing these drugs alone or in combination with other antivirals in the global fighting against SARS-CoV-2. Funding: This work was financially supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (to H.Y.), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31770192 and No. 32070187 to H.Y.). Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no competing interests.

This study selected the two adjacent eddy covariance observational towers at the FPV in Yangzhong, Jiangsu Province of China to explore the issue. The results indicated that the percent frequency of east wind lower 4 m·s-1 at 2 m decreased by 25.3% in FPV site compared with the REF site. The FPV array have a heating effect on the ambient. The average air temperature difference in two sites at 2 m and 10 m are 0.3 K and 0.1 K during the heating period. The net radiation increased by 47.8 W·m-2 in two sites. Sensible heat is increased by 7.9 W·m-2 due to the heating effect. Latent heat in the two sites are contrary to the sensible heat (-13.0 W·m-2). The difference of the water storage heat is 32.18 W·m-2, which implies the water absorbs higher heat in the FPV site than the REF site. This work illustrated the importance of observational experiments to animate process-based understanding combined with FPV systems. It further provides the scientific basis to establish the FPV energy balance models based on the observation that may be used to reveal the impact of utility-scale FPV deployment on climatic effects.