1. Effectiveness of preventive treatment among different age groups and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection status: a systematic review and individual-participant data meta-analysis of contact tracing studies
- Author
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Martinez, L, Seddon, JA, Horsburgh, CR, Lange, C, Mandalakas, AM, Seddon, J, Liu, Q, Acuna Villaorduna, C, Bonnet, M, Carvalho, ACC, Chan, P-C, Hill, PC, Lopez-Varela, E, Donkor, S, Graham, SM, Villalba, JA, Grandjean, L, Zellweger, J-P, Wang, J-Y, Verhagen, LM, van Schalkwykn, C, van der Loeff, MFS, Sloot, R, Trieu, L, Ahuja, SD, Yoshiyama, T, Mazahir, R, Martinsonn, NA, Jones-López, EC, Altet, N, Kato, S, Fang, C-T, Geis, S, Hauri, A, Long, R, Doblner, CC, Cayla, JA, Chakhaia, T, Chen, C, García-Basteiro, AL, Triasih, R, Huang, L-M, Sharma, S, Hannoun, D, Malone, LL, Ling, D-L, Kritski, A, Stein, CM, Malik, A, Augusto, O, Vashishtha, R, Boulahbal, F, Boom, WH, Shen, Y, Hesseling, AC, Martinez, L, Seddon, JA, Horsburgh, CR, Lange, C, Mandalakas, AM, Seddon, J, Liu, Q, Acuna Villaorduna, C, Bonnet, M, Carvalho, ACC, Chan, P-C, Hill, PC, Lopez-Varela, E, Donkor, S, Graham, SM, Villalba, JA, Grandjean, L, Zellweger, J-P, Wang, J-Y, Verhagen, LM, van Schalkwykn, C, van der Loeff, MFS, Sloot, R, Trieu, L, Ahuja, SD, Yoshiyama, T, Mazahir, R, Martinsonn, NA, Jones-López, EC, Altet, N, Kato, S, Fang, C-T, Geis, S, Hauri, A, Long, R, Doblner, CC, Cayla, JA, Chakhaia, T, Chen, C, García-Basteiro, AL, Triasih, R, Huang, L-M, Sharma, S, Hannoun, D, Malone, LL, Ling, D-L, Kritski, A, Stein, CM, Malik, A, Augusto, O, Vashishtha, R, Boulahbal, F, Boom, WH, Shen, Y, and Hesseling, AC
- Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is a preventable disease. However, there is debate regarding which individuals would benefit most from tuberculosis preventive treatment and whether these benefits vary in settings with a high burden and low burden of tuberculosis. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment in exposed individuals of differing ages and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection status while considering tuberculosis burden of the settings. Methods: In this systematic review and individual-participant meta-analysis, we investigated the development of incident tuberculosis in people closely exposed to individuals with tuberculosis. We searched for studies published between Jan 1, 1998, and April 6, 2018, in MEDLINE, Web of Science, BIOSIS, and Embase. We restricted our search to cohort studies; case-control studies and outbreak reports were excluded. Two reviewers evaluated titles, abstracts, and full text articles for eligibility. At each stage, two reviewers discussed discrepancies and re-evaluated articles until a consensus was reached. Individual-participant data and a pre-specified list of variables, including characteristics of the exposed contact, the index patient, and environmental characteristics, were requested from authors of all eligible studies; contacts exposed to a drug-resistant tuberculosis index patient were excluded. The primary study outcome was incident tuberculosis. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for incident tuberculosis with mixed-effects Cox regression models with a study-level random effect. We estimated the number-needed-to-treat (NNT) to prevent one person developing tuberculosis. Propensity score matching procedures were used in all analyses. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018087022). Findings: After screening 25 358 records for eligibility, 439 644 participants from 32 cohort studies were included in the individual-participant data meta-analysis. Participants were followed for 1 3
- Published
- 2024