31 results on '"Takashi, Nakanishi"'
Search Results
2. Dental treatment for patients with Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome: Report of three cases
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Takashi Nakanishi, Shigeru Suzuki, Masamichi Ueda, Naoki Mizobata, Itaru Tojyo, Kenjiro Okamoto, Shinsuke Ieda, Yuya Takeda, Yukari Shintani, Shigeyuki Fujita, and Nobuo Kanazawa
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Heliotrope rash ,030206 dentistry ,medicine.disease ,Trismus ,Dermatology ,Muscle atrophy ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Atrophy ,Otorhinolaryngology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine ,Surgery ,Joint Contracture ,Oral Surgery ,medicine.symptom ,Emaciation ,business ,Osteonecrosis of the jaw ,Dental Procedure - Abstract
Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome, which is a specific autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, emaciation, and exhaustion, is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion and is representative of proteasome dysfunction. Its main clinical features include pernio-like red-to-purple skin plaques on the hands and feet, periodic fever, progressive localized atrophy of fat and muscle, emaciation, elongated and thickened fingers and toes, joint contractures, enlarged liver, basal ganglia calcification, and a heliotrope rash. The dental treatment for three patients with Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome is described. Dental extractions and procedures were successfully performed without causing any obvious intraoperative or postoperative complications, although all three patients showed progressive trismus. When performing a dental procedure in patients with proteasome dysfunction, preoperative antibiotic therapy should be given because they are susceptible to infection due to the long-term use of high-dose steroids. Drug-related osteonecrosis of the jaw should also be considered. Proteasome dysfunction is characterized by joint contractures and progressive fat and muscle atrophy; thus, the patients are also likely to have reduced mouth opening, and it is a challenge for them to clean their teeth by brushing, which may lead to the occurrence of dental caries in molars. Therefore, scheduling regular interventions by dentists needs to be considered for patients with proteasome dysfunction. more...
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- 2020
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Catalog
3. Stump appendicitis occurred two and half years after first laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis with abscess: A report of a case
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Noritoshi Mizuta, Kozo Tsunemi, and Takashi Nakanishi
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SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome ,Laparoscopic surgery ,Abdominal pain ,medicine.medical_specialty ,AA, abdominal abscess ,medicine.medical_treatment ,POD, post operative day ,Article ,Perforated appendicitis with abscess ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Phlegmon ,Laparoscopic appendectomy ,medicine ,OA, open appendectomy ,Stump appendicitis ,Abscess ,business.industry ,Abdominal Abscess ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,medicine.disease ,Appendicitis ,Appendix ,CT, computed tomography ,Surgery ,surgical procedures, operative ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,LA, laparoscopic appendectomy ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,medicine.symptom ,Presentation (obstetrics) ,business - Abstract
Highlights • Emergent surgery for perforated appendicitis with abscess is should be carefully judged. • It may lead to insufficient anatomical recognition or postoperative complications. • The benefits of laparoscopic drainage for appendiceal abscess should be known. • It is very important to understand the correct management for perforated appendicitis with abscess., Introduction The management of appendiceal abscess or phlegmon is a clinical important issue. Immediate appendectomy in these cases may be technically demanding because of the distorted anatomy and difficult to close the appendiceal stump because of the inflammation. Presentation of case A 32-year-old female was referred to our hospital with abdominal pain. Enlarged appendix and abscess were recognized on CT scan. Preoperative diagnosis was perforated appendicitis with abscess and laparoscopic surgery was performed. The appendix was perforated and cut by stapler, but complete resection was impossible. Endoscopic transrectal drainage was performed for a pelvic abscess on the 10th POD and the patient’s condition improved. Thirty months after the surgery, however, the patient was again referred to our hospital for abdominal pain. CT scan revealed an enlarged remnant appendix. Preoperative diagnosis was stump appendicitis after the incomplete first appendectomy. Emergent second appendectomy and partial resection of the cecum were performed. The postoperative course was uneventful. Discussion In the first operation, we mistakenly thought that the base of the appendix was cut. It was not cut, however and it remained, which was lead to stump appendicitis. Furthermore, postoperative abdominal abscess was also occurred. Immediate appendectomy for perforated appendicitis with abscess is associated with a higher morbidity. Nonsurgical treatment with drainage and/or antibiotics should be selected. Laparoscopic drainage is the useful options when CT-guided drainage is impossible. Conclusion It is crucial to understand the correct management of perforated appendicitis with abscess to avoid serious complications. more...
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- 2020
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4. Highly fluorescent polyethyleneimine protected Au8 nanoclusters: One-pot synthesis and application in hemoglobin detection
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Hongwei Yang, Chao Lu, Yan He, Fengniu Lu, Zhiqin Yuan, and Takashi Nakanishi
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Detection limit ,Chemistry ,Metal ions in aqueous solution ,One-pot synthesis ,Metals and Alloys ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Fluorescence ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Nanoclusters ,Catalysis ,Förster resonance energy transfer ,Colloidal gold ,Materials Chemistry ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Instrumentation - Abstract
Gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) with atomic precision have huge application potentials in chemo/bio sensing, catalysis, and energy conversion. However, a precise atomic control of Au NCs still remains a great challenge. Herein, we developed a facile one-pot and top-down strategy to synthesize eight-atom numbered Au NCs (Au8 NCs), aiming to understand their fundamental physicochemical properties and explore their potential applications. The etching of gold nanoparticles by their encapsulated hyperbranched polyethyleneimine was significantly promoted by a newly proposed catalyst, hydrogen peroxide, which gave rise to brightly blue-emitting Au8 NCs (quantum yield = 28.8%). The as-prepared Au8 NCs could sense hemoglobin with a detection limit of 5.0 nM through the combination of Fenton reaction and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. And the sensing behaviour is unaffected by the presence of various interferents such as proteins, small molecules, anions, and metal ions. In addition, a hemoglobin evaluation in blood samples with small relative standard deviations and satisfied recoveries was achieved using the proposed Au8 NC nanoprobes. more...
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- 2019
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5. Distribution and settling behavior of americium-241 in the tropical East Pacific
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Takashi Nakanishi, Mika Nagaoka, and Norikazu Kinoshita
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Water mass ,Radionuclide ,Environmental Engineering ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Equator ,010501 environmental sciences ,Atmospheric sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Current (stream) ,Settling ,Environmental Chemistry ,Environmental science ,Seawater ,Decay product ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Scavenging ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The distribution of the anthropogenic radionuclide 241Am, a decay product of 241Pu discharged from atmospheric tests of nuclear weapons, was investigated to resolve its horizontal and vertical migration in the Tropical East Pacific. We analyzed 241Am concentrations in seawater samples collected in 2003. On comparing the 241Am concentrations with the previously determined concentrations of 239+240Pu in the same samples, the vertical profiles of 241Am were found to be similar to those of 239+240Pu. At some stations, the maximum concentration of 241Am occurred 100–200 m deeper than that of 239+240Pu. The 241Am/239+240Pu ratios in the North Pacific and South Pacific were comparable to one another, and were the typical ratio for the Pacific. The 241Am distribution was influenced by the water mass at depths below 400 m. The 241Am data support the view there is a current flowing at depths of 400–3000 m from the North Pacific through the Equator to the South Pacific. In addition, the 241Am vertical profile was explained by using a 1-D scavenging model that considers the decay of 241Pu and adsorption and scavenging by suspended particles. The different depths for the maximum concentrations of 241Am and 239+240Pu observed at some stations were well explained by the model and by the distribution of CaCO3 particles. The residence time of 241Am in the Pacific was also estimated by using the model. more...
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- 2021
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6. In vitro and in vivo evaluations of wine lees as feeds for ruminants: Effects on ruminal fermentation characteristics, nutrient digestibility, blood metabolites and antioxidant status
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Hajime Kumagai, Hiroyuki Hirooka, Lin Wang, Yoshiaki Sato, Kazato Oishi, and Takashi Nakanishi
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0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Antioxidant ,General Veterinary ,medicine.medical_treatment ,0402 animal and dairy science ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Malondialdehyde ,medicine.disease_cause ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Lees ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,In vivo ,Propionate ,medicine ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Dry matter ,Food science ,Incubation ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Wine lees are by-products of wine-manufacturing, but the usefulness as animal by-product feed has not yet been revealed. The present study was aimed to investigate the usability of wine lees as feed for ruminants in fattening conditions by in vitro and in vivo trials. In in vitro experiments (in vitro I and II), the following four treatments were prepared: 100% dry matter (DM) rolled barley as a control (WL0), and replaced 7.5% DM, 15.0% DM, and 22.5% DM of wine lees as three treatments (WL7.5, WL15, WL22.5, respectively). A linear decrease in gas production was observed at 48 h after incubation with an increase in the percentage of wine lees in the substrate (P 0.05). As wine lees increased, the proportion of ruminal propionate at 4 h after feeding and plasma malondialdehyde, which is one of the oxidative stress markers, were decreased (P more...
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- 2020
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7. Controlled self-assembly of alkylated-π compounds for soft materials — Towards optical and optoelectronic applications
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Takashi Nakanishi, Hongguang Li, Marcin Leonowicz, and Agnieszka Zielinska
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Organic electronics ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Solid-state chemistry ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,business.industry ,Nanotechnology ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Alkylation ,Thermotropic crystal ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,chemistry ,Amphiphile ,Optoelectronics ,Moiety ,Self-assembly ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,business ,Alkyl - Abstract
Organic and polymeric molecules based on π-conjugated units represent an important class of components for optical and optoelectronic functionalized soft materials. Inspired by the innovative molecular design made by synthetic chemists, new functions and applications of π-conjugated molecules are continuously emerging. However, a challenge that remains is to soften these molecules. Alkylation is a commonly employed synthetic strategy to achieve functionalization in order to improve processability, i.e., solubility in volatile solvents, for better utilization in the rapidly-developing field of organic electronics. In addition it is recognized as a powerful strategy to tune the interaction among the π-conjugated moieties. In a different interpretation of alkylation, alkylated-π compounds can be viewed as a class of hydrophobic amphiphiles, since the rigid π-conjugated moiety and flexible alkyl chains are intrinsically immiscible. Recent studies have shown that such compounds can form a variety of self-organized solid and thermotropic liquid crystalline structures as well as nonassembled liquid forms depending upon the position, number and kinds of attached alkyl chains. Here, we present a brief overview of recent developments of alkylated-π chemistry, with an emphasis on the relationships between molecular design, self-assembly behavior and applications in optical and optoelectronic devices. We hope this review can serve as a guide and reference for people working in different research areas, including self-assembly and colloid sciences, synthetic and materials chemistry was well as organic electronics. more...
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- 2014
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8. New AMS method to measure the atom ratio 146Sm/147Sm for a half-life determination of 146Sm
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Matthew Bowers, D. J. Henderson, C. Schmitt, C. L. Jiang, K. E. Rehm, Michael Paul, Takashi Nakanishi, John P. Greene, Philippe Collon, Claudio Ugalde, R. C. Pardo, X. D. Tang, N. Patel, Richard Vondrasek, Stéphane Goriely, B. P. Kay, S. T. Marley, Catherine Deibel, Martín Alcorta, R. Scott, Yoav Kashiv, Donald Robertson, Norikazu Kinoshita, H-Y Lee, and B. DiGiovine more...
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Chemistry ,Attenuation ,Detector ,Accelerator mass spectrometry ,Superconducting linear accelerator ,Physique atomique et nucléaire ,ECR ion source ,Ion ,Nuclear physics ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Atlas (anatomy) ,Atom ,medicine ,Nuclide ,146Sm ,Instrumentation ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
The extinct p-process nuclide 146Sm (t1/2 = 103 ± 5 Myr) is known to have been present in the Early-Solar System and has been proposed as an astrophysical chronometer. 146Sm is also intensely used to date meteorite and planetary differentiation processes, enhancing the importance of an accurate knowledge of the 146Sm half-life. We are engaged in a new determination of the 146Sm half-life in which the 146Sm/147Sm atom ratio is determined by accelerator mass spectrometry at the ATLAS facility of Argonne National Laboratory. In order to reduce systematic errors in the AMS determination of the 146Sm/147Sm ratios (in the range of 10-7-10-9), 146Sm and 147Sm ions were alternately counted in the same detector in the focal plane of a gas-filled magnet, respectively in continuous-wave and attenuated mode. Quantitative attenuation is obtained with the 12 MHz pulsed and ns-bunched ATLAS beam by chopping beam pulses with an RF sweeper in a ratio (digitally determined) down to 1:106. The experiments and preliminary results are discussed. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved., SCOPUS: cp.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published more...
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- 2013
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9. Versatile self-assembled hybrid systems with exotic structures and unique functions
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Kazunori Matsuura, Yukikazu Takeoka, Takashi Nakanishi, and Masanobu Naito
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,business.industry ,Biomolecule ,Nanotechnology ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Polymer ,Amorphous solid ,Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,chemistry ,Hybrid system ,Surface modification ,Self-assembly ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Photonics ,business ,Structural coloration - Abstract
In this review article, we describe recent progress about exotic self-assembled systems with various dimensions including biomolecules, supramolecules, unique hydrophobic amphiphiles, polymers, nano-clusters, and colloidal particles. Construction of robust biomolecular assemblies with exotic structures, such as ring and hollow capsule, is achieved by rational designs of symmetric biomolecular conjugates. In addition, we comprehensively summarized leading-edge topics on optical/topological properties of self-assembled hybrid systems, such as circularly polarized luminescence or structural color. The preparation of colloidal amorphous array with photonic band gap-induced angle-independent structural color is also achieved in consideration of the following situations: i) two-body sphere–sphere potential, ii) disorder packing using different sizes of colloidal particles, and iii) softness of colloidal particles. Lastly, we demonstrated useful utilizations of exotic self-assembled objects. Flakelike microparticles were transcribed into various nano-flake metals and applied as temperature indicator for the local heating of an addictive. All findings described here show meaningful hybrid strategies in self-assembly techniques and their functionalization as well as materialization. more...
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- 2011
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10. Fullerene nanowires on graphite: Epitaxial self-organizations of a fullerene bearing double long-aliphatic chains
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Katsuhiko Ariga, Tsuyoshi Michinobu, Takashi Nakanishi, Masayuki Takeuchi, Toshiharu Teranishi, and Hirokazu Takahashi
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Fullerene ,Nanowire ,Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter ,Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,Crystallinity ,Crystallography ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,chemistry ,Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite ,Lamellar structure ,Graphite ,Self-assembly ,Alkyl - Abstract
Lamellar nanowires with small tilt angle defects, epitaxially aligned along the lattice of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), have been constructed by spin-coating of a solution of a fullerene derivative covalently bearing double long-alkyl chains and characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) under ambient atmosphere. The small tilt angle defects in domains of lamellar assemblies are rarely found in nano-organized structures on HOPG due to the high 2D crystallinity of their long aliphatic chains in the lamellae. The distance between adjacent nanowires and the 2D crystallinity can be regulated by tuning the substituent pattern of the fullerene derivatives. Here, we also describe lamellar nanowire formation of a newly isolated fullerene bis-adduct bearing long alkyl chains. more...
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- 2008
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11. Fine-tuning supramolecular assemblies of fullerenes bearing long alkyl chains
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Takashi Nakanishi, Toshiharu Teranishi, Hirokazu Takahashi, Jonathan P. Hill, Tsuyoshi Michinobu, and Katsuhiko Ariga
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Fullerene ,Chemistry ,Bilayer ,Intermolecular force ,Metals and Alloys ,Supramolecular chemistry ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Crystallography ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,symbols.namesake ,Materials Chemistry ,symbols ,Moiety ,Phenyl group ,van der Waals force ,Alkyl - Abstract
Fine-tuning of the supramolecularly organized nanometer scale architectures of fullerene derivatives, fulleropyrrolidines substituted with a mono-, di-, or tri(n-hexadecyloxy)phenyl group is described. These synthetic fullerene derivatives possess one- (1), two- (2), or three- (3) long alkyl chains. The correlation between the number of alkyl chain multiplicity and the self-organized bilayer structures as the fundamental subunit as well as the superstructures formed in different solvents were investigated using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The fullerene derivatives studied formed interdigitated lamellar bilayer structures whose d spacing values, estimated by X-ray diffraction patterns, are 2.63 nm for 1, 3.50 nm for 2, and 4.28 nm for 3, respectively. There are the two differing intermolecular forces present due to C60 (sp2-carbons) or alkyl chains (sp3-carbons). Fullerene moieties always exhibit strong π–π interactions, while van der Waals interactions between alkyl chains can be altered by variation of their multiplicity. Substitution of three alkyl chains at the fullerene moiety (3) was the most effective method for stimulating polymorphism in its derivatives in different solvents. more...
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- 2008
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12. Chiral recognition at the air–water interface
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Jonathan P. Hill, Katsuhiko Ariga, Takashi Nakanishi, and Tsuyoshi Michinobu
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Supramolecular chirality ,Aqueous solution ,Polymers and Plastics ,Chemistry ,Air water interface ,Nanotechnology ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Chiral selectivity ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Molecular recognition ,Chemical physics ,Monolayer ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Chirality (chemistry) ,Dynamic motion - Abstract
Chiral recognition within monolayer components and of aqueous guests has been investigated at the air–water interface. For the first topic, supramolecular chirality related to the formation of chiral structures from achiral components is a current topic of importance. A marked development of the latter subject involved tuning of chiral selectivity upon dynamic changes of monolayer structures. more...
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- 2008
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13. Endoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment of metallic stents in high-grade malignant hilar biliary stricture (with videos)
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Masakuni Fujii, Ken Hirao, Etsuji Ishida, Ryo Harada, Hirofumi Kawamoto, Kohsaku Sakaguchi, Naoko Kurihara, Hironari Kato, Takashi Nakanishi, Tsuneyoshi Ogawa, Hirotoshi Fukatsu, Koichiro Tsutsumi, and Osamu Mizuno more...
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Video-Assisted Surgery ,Constriction, Pathologic ,Prosthesis Implantation ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Endoscopy, Digestive System ,cardiovascular diseases ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Gastroenterology ,Stent ,Equipment Design ,Middle Aged ,equipment and supplies ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Endoscopy ,Stenosis ,Biliary Tract Neoplasms ,Treatment Outcome ,surgical procedures, operative ,Biliary tract ,Cholecystitis ,Female ,Stents ,Radiology ,business ,Complication - Abstract
Background In view of the recent advancement in endoscopic devices for biliary endoscopic intervention, the expert endoscopist can address complex morbidity. However, endoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment of metallic stents (MS) in patients with malignant hilar biliary stricture is technically demanding. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment of MS. Design Case study. Setting Gastroenterological Center, Okayama University Hospital. Patients Nine consecutive patients (mean age 63 years, range 52-84 years, mean follow-up period 5 months) with malignant hilar biliary stricture were enrolled. They had cytologically or histologically proven unresectable biliary-tract carcinoma with hilar biliary stricture type IIIa or IV according to Bismuth's classification. Interventions Endoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment of MS in hilar biliary strictures by using a JOSTENT SelfX stent. Main Outcome Measurements The success rate of the procedure, stent patency time, reinterventions, and complications. Results Endoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment was successfully accomplished in all cases. The MS became obstructed in 3 cases (33%), mean 1.5 months, range 1.4 to 2.7 months. However, no MS obstruction occurred in the other 6 patients (67%), mean 11 months, range 4.7 to 16.4 months. In the obstructed cases, the deployment of 2 or 3 tube stents was completed successfully. One case of cholecystitis was observed as a short-term complication. Limitation The small number of cases. Conclusions Endoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment of a JOSTENT SelfX stent was effective in selected patients with high-grade malignant hilar biliary stricture. more...
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- 2007
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14. Midkine as a molecular target: Comparison of effects of chondroitin sulfate E and siRNA
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Takashi Muramatsu, Naoki Ishiguro, Hisako Muramatsu, Hideki Yamamoto, Takashi Nakanishi, Yukikazu Natori, and Sadatoshi Sakuma
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medicine.medical_treatment ,Biophysics ,Arthritis ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,Antibodies ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,In vivo ,medicine ,Animals ,Chondroitin ,Chondroitin sulfate ,RNA, Small Interfering ,Molecular Biology ,Midkine ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Osteoblasts ,biology ,Growth factor ,Chondroitin Sulfates ,Cell Differentiation ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Disease Models, Animal ,Cytokine ,chemistry ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Cytokines ,Female ,Injections, Intraperitoneal - Abstract
Intraperitoneally administered chondroitin sulfate E inhibited the development of antibody-induced arthritis, a model of rheumatoid arthritis, while chondroitin 4-sulfate showed no effects. Chondroitin sulfate E inhibited in vitro differentiation of osteoclasts, which play key roles in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. One of the targets of chondroitin sulfate E is midkine, a heparin-binding growth factor or cytokine. Indeed, a chimeric-type siRNA for midkine inhibited the development of antibody-induced arthritis and adhesion of the omentum to the injured abdominal wall. These results indicate the significance of midkine as a molecular target to treat or prevent rheumatoid arthritis and adhesion after surgery, and the utility of chondroitin sulfate E to inhibit midkine in vivo. more...
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- 2006
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15. Two-dimensional molecular patterns and their dynamic functions: Molecular recognition of aqueous guest by mixed monolayer of alkyl cyclophane and amphiphilic guanidinium
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Katsuhiko Ariga, Takashi Nakanishi, Jun-ichi Kikuchi, Ryutaro Tanaka, and Naoko Takagi
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Aqueous solution ,Chemistry ,Photochemistry ,Fluorescence spectroscopy ,Crystallography ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Molecular dynamics ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Molecular recognition ,Amphiphile ,Monolayer ,Alkyl ,Cyclophane - Abstract
Molecular tiling has been proposed as a novel technique for controlled molecular arrangements in two-dimensional plane, and their capability of molecular recognition of aqueous guest has been investigated. The surface pressure–molecular area ( π – A ) isotherms of alkyl cyclophane derivatives revealed the importance of flexible spacer between the cyclophane ring and alkyl chains for better molecular packing. Molecular recognition of an aqueous fluorescent guest (TNS) by the alkyl cyclophane with eight alkyl chains with l -lysine spacer was next investigated through π – A isotherm measurement and surface fluorescence spectroscopy. A single-component monolayer of the alkyl cyclophane did not show any recognition capability of aqueous TNS. In contrast, an apparent increase in fluorescence intensity was observed when the mixed monolayers of the amphiphilic guanidinium and alkyl cyclophane were compressed on aqueous TNS. TNS would be bound through strong electrostatic interaction with the guanidinium and the formed complex was included by the alkyl cyclophane. Efficient binding site for aqueous TNS seems to be formed through self-assembling of the two host components at the air–water interface. more...
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- 2006
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16. Electrochemistry of fullerene C60 embedded in Langmuir–Blodgett films of artificial lipids on electrodes
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Takashi Nakanishi, Hiroto Murakami, Naotoshi Nakashima, Takamasa Sagara, Hideaki Kozai, Katsuhiko Ariga, Makoto Morita, and Naoya Taniguchi
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Langmuir ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Chemistry ,Monolayer ,Electrode ,Cationic polymerization ,Analytical chemistry ,Electrolyte ,Electrochemistry ,Langmuir–Blodgett film ,Exfoliation joint - Abstract
A stable Langmuir monolayer of fullerene C60 and an artificial lipid was formed at the air–water interface and the monolayer was transferred onto an electrode as a Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) film. Here, we focus on the importance of cationic matrix lipid films to the facile electrochemistry of C60 embedded in a LB film of cationic lipids on an electrode in aqueous media. The electrochemically generated radical monoanion of C60 embedded in a film of cationic lipid, tridodecylmethylammonium bromide (1), was stable during continuous potential cycling, while the C60 radical monoanion became unstable after the generation of C602− due to the exfoliation of the LB film from the electrode. On the basis of the electrolyte dependence and the charge dependence of the matrix lipids, a possible electron-transfer mechanism for the C60/artificial lipid LB film-modified electrodes is presented. more...
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- 2006
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17. Regulation of film electrochemistry and CO binding of a diruthenium complex embedded in artificial lipids on an electrode
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Takashi Nakanishi, John L. Bear, Karl M. Kadish, Antoine Thuriere, and Katsuhiko Ariga
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Aqueous solution ,Inorganic chemistry ,Metals and Alloys ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Electrochemistry ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Crystallography ,Electron transfer ,Sulfonate ,chemistry ,Bromide ,Materials Chemistry ,Qualitative inorganic analysis ,Cyclic voltammetry ,Carbon monoxide - Abstract
Film electrochemistry of Ru 2 (2-CH 3 ap) 4 Cl ( 1 ), where 2-CH 3 ap is 2-(2-methylanilino)pyridinate anion, and their carbon monoxide (CO) binding ability were electrochemically investigated in three different cationic matrices at a basal plane pyrolytic graphite (BPG) electrode immersed in 0.5 M aqueous KCl solution under CO atmosphere. The matrices employed in this study were tetra- n -octylphosphonium bromide (4C 8 P + Br − ), tetra- n -octylammonium bromide (4C 8 N + Br − ), or tetra- n -heptylammonium bromide (4C 7 N + Br − ). The complex 1 at the lipids modified electrodes was able to bind CO molecules in the Ru 2 4+ , Ru 2 3+ and Ru 2 2+ reduced forms. Regulation of CO binding reaction of the complex 1 was also examined in a cast film of an artificial lipid, di- n -hexadecyldimethylammonium poly(styrene sulfonate), 2C 16 N + PSS − , which has a phase transition between the crystalline and the liquid crystalline phase at 26.6 °C. Here, the Ru 2 5+ /Ru 2 4+ and Ru 2 4+ /Ru 2 3+ reactions under CO atmosphere showed a strong phase transition temperature dependence, suggesting the possibility of a temperature-driven regulation for the electrochemistry of complex 1 upon CO binding. more...
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- 2006
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18. Adsorption study of heme proteins on SBA-15 mesoporous silica with pore-filling models
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Ajayan Vinu, Katsuhiko Ariga, Masahiko Miyahara, Takashi Nakanishi, and K.Z. Hossain
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inorganic chemicals ,Hemeprotein ,Metals and Alloys ,Langmuir adsorption model ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Mesoporous silica ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,symbols.namesake ,Adsorption ,Myoglobin ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Desorption ,biological sciences ,Monolayer ,Materials Chemistry ,symbols ,Organic chemistry ,Mesoporous material - Abstract
The Langmuir-type adsorption of myoglobin occurred with monolayer coverage of the inner surface mesopore channels of SBA-15. Myoglobin occupation of the pores was calculated as ca. 50% based on N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. Pore-filling models revealed that myoglobin molecules are well packed in the pores. The maximum adsorption was observed near the isoelectric point of myoglobin, suggesting the important role of suppression of electric repulsion between the proteins and/or between the protein and the adsorbent. FT-IR spectroscopic studies confirmed that the myoglobin is stable even after the adsorption. The results obtained are comparable with those observed for another redox protein, cytochrome c. more...
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- 2006
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19. A window on nucleosynthesis through detection of short-lived radionuclides
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S. Jiang, Dan Berkovits, Michael Paul, A. Valenta, Takashi Nakanishi, Y. Hashimoto, C. Bordeanu, I. Ahmad, A. Hershkowitz, K. Sakamoto, and S. Ghelberg
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Physics ,Interstellar medium ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Solar System ,Supernova ,Stellar nucleosynthesis ,Nucleosynthesis ,Astronomy ,Nuclide ,Astrophysics ,Primordial nuclide ,Cosmic dust - Abstract
The detection of cosmic γ radioactivity of live nuclides from supernovae remnants during the last decade has had an immense impact on our understanding of stellar nucleosynthesis. It is expected that, similarly, nuclides such as 146 Sm, 244 Pu, 182 Hf, 247 Cm with halflives of the order of a few 107 years be present in the Interstellar Medium (ISM) as freshly synthesized matter; they are however not detectable by γ-ray astronomy because of their lower activity. Depending on their steady-state abundance and the ISM influx rate in the solar system, deposition on Earth of these nuclides through cosmic dust and their detection may provide a complementary approach. A search for 244 Pu in a deep-sea sediment sample, acting here as repository archive for cosmic dust, was performed by accelerator mass, spectrometry (AMS) and an upper limit for deposition of interstellar 244 Pu of 0.2 atoms/cm 2 /yr obtained. Derived constraints on 244 Pu abundance in the ISM are discussed. Further development of detection techniques for 244 Pu and other nuclides is under way. more...
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- 2003
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20. Passive gamma-ray spectrometry for the determination of total fission events in the JCO criticality accident '99 in Tokai
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Sadao Kojima, Takashi Nakanishi, Tsutomu Sekine, Mitsuo Hara, Riki Seki, and Toshiaki Mitsugashira
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Fission products ,Fission ,Chemistry ,Neutron emission ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Nuclear engineering ,Radiochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Medicine ,Uranium ,Nuclear reactor ,Pollution ,law.invention ,Criticality ,law ,Nuclear fission ,Environmental Chemistry ,Isotopes of zirconium ,Waste Management and Disposal - Abstract
The total number of fission events (TFE) in the JCO criticality accident was determined to be 3.43×1018 with a 3σ uncertainty of 0.73×1018 by passive observation of the gamma-rays of 95 Zr , 103 Ru and 140 La – 140 Ba from outside the Uranium Conversion Building. The TFE value is in fairly good agreement with the analytical result from the uranium solution taken from the precipitation vessel, as reported in NSC-Nov, 1999. The agreement implies that the criticality accident took place in a small limited volume and that the majority of the fission products were retained in the precipitation vessel. more...
- Published
- 2000
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21. The JCO criticality accident at Tokai-mura, Japan: an overview of the sampling campaign and preliminary results
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M Takano, Yoshito Watanabe, T Matsuzawa, Jun Takada, Yoshimasa Murata, Atsushi Tanaka, Y Yanagawa, Yasuyuki Muramatsu, Seiji Takeoka, Tadaaki Ban-Nai, Yasuhito Igarashi, T Uehiro, Masayoshi Yamamoto, Satoru Endo, Emiko Sasajima, Satoshi Yoshida, S Shibata, Kazuhisa Komura, Katsumi Hirose, S Suga, T Tsuboi, Yusuke Ichimasa, Mitsuo Hara, Toshimasa Doi, Riki Seki, Michiko Ichimasa, Masayori Ishikawa, Yutaka Saito, Kunio Shiraishi, Tetsuo Hashimoto, Masaharu Hoshi, Sarata Kumar Sahoo, Toshiaki Mitsugashira, Hidenori Yonehara, Takashi Nakanishi, Michio Aoyama, Sadao Kojima, Shinzo Kimura, Toshiharu Muroyama, Muneharu Kondo, H Imura, N Tosaki, and Kazuhide Kitagawa more...
- Subjects
business.industry ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Tokai mura ,Environmental resource management ,Sampling (statistics) ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Geography ,Criticality ,Sampling design ,Environmental Chemistry ,Radiation monitoring ,Environmental impact assessment ,business ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Accident (philosophy) ,Independent research - Abstract
A criticality accident occurred on September 30, 1999 at the uranium conversion facility of the JCO Company Ltd. in Tokai-mura, Japan. A collaborating scientific investigation team was organized in two groups, the first to carry out research on the environmental impact (the environmental research group) and the second to assess the radiation effects on residents (the biological research group). This report concerns only the activities of the environmental research group. Four investigative teams were sent on different dates to the accident site and its vicinity to collect samples. About 400 samples were collected and subjected to analysis. An outline of the sampling campaign is presented here along with a brief chronology of the accident and the preliminary key results obtained by the independent research group are summarised in this Special Issue of the Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. more...
- Published
- 2000
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22. Residual neutron-induced radionuclides in a soil sample collected in the vicinity of the criticality accident site in Tokai-mura, Japan: A Progress Report
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Yoshito Watanabe, Kazuhisa Komura, Toshiharu Muroyama, Risa Hosotani, Tadaaki Ban-Nai, Yoshimasa Murata, Sarata Kumar Sahoo, Hidenori Yonehara, Takashi Nakanishi, Shinzo Kimura, and Hisaki Kofuji
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Tokai-mura ,Radionuclide ,Soil test ,Neutron emission ,Chemistry ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Radiochemistry ,JCO criticality accident ,Soil chemistry ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Neutron temperature ,Environmental Chemistry ,Neutron ,Neutron activation analysis ,Neutron fluence ,Residual Neutron-Induced Radionuclides ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Isotopes of caesium - Abstract
金沢大学理学部, Residual neutron-induced radionuclides were measured in a soil sample collected in the vicinity of the location where a criticality accident occurred (in Tokai-mura, from 30 September to 1 October, 1999). Concentrations of 24Na,140La,122Sb,59Fe,124Sb,46Sc,65Zn,134Cs and 60Co in the soil sample were determined by γ-ray spectrometry, and neutron activation analysis was carried out for selected target elements in the sample. Tentative estimates of the apparent thermal and epithermal neutron fluences which reached the sample were obtained through combined analyses of 59Fe/58Fe,124Sb/123Sb,46Sc/45Sc,65Zn/64Zn,134Cs/133Cs and 60Co/59Co. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. more...
- Published
- 2000
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23. The distribution of radionuclides and some trace metals in the water columns of the Japan and Bonin trenches
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Takashi Nakanishi, Yutaka Nagaya, Hiroyuki Tsubota, Kiyoshi Nakamura, Masatoshi Yamada, Kiminori Shitashima, and Yoshiyuki Nozaki
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010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,trace metals ,Mineralogy ,Aquatic Science ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Oceanography ,01 natural sciences ,Bottom water ,Water column ,métal-trace ,balayage ,Trace metal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,geography ,Radionuclide ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,renewal of trench water ,Abyssal plain ,scavenging ,U/Th series nuclides ,13. Climate action ,temps de résidence ,artificial radionuclides ,Trench ,nucléide artificiel ,uranium - thorium ,Seawater ,Hydrography ,Geology - Abstract
Presented here is the first detailed geochemical data set on the U/Th series Th, Pa, Ac, and Pb isotopes and artificial fallout radionuclides (Sr-90, Cs-137, and Pu isotopes), and some trace elements (V, Zn, Cd, Cu, Mn, and Ni) in two water columns of the Japan and Bonin trenches down to the bottom depths of 7585 m and 9750 m, respectively. Hydrographic properties such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient content within the trench valley remain constant at the same levels as those in the bottom water of the Northwest Pacific basin (typically similar to 6000 m in depth). The radionuclide activities and most trace metal concentrations are also not very different from those in the overlying water at depths of around 5000-6000 m. This means that any chemical alteration which sea water undergoes during its residence within the trench was not obviously detected by the techniques used here. The suggestion follows that the trench water is rather freely communicating by isopycnal mixing with the bottom water overlying the Northwest Pacific abyssal plain. The trench waters contain high Pu-239,Pu-240 activities throughout, indicating that Pu is actively regenerating from rapidly sinking, large particles at the bottom interface, probably due to a change in the oxidation state. On the other hand, the vertical profiles of Pb-210 and Pa-231 show lower activities within the trench than those in the overlying deep waters, suggesting that the effect of boundary and bottom scavenging is significant in controlling their oceanic distributions. However, none of the trace metals studied here obviously follows the behaviour of the above nuclides. The Th-228 data show scattering within the Bonin Trench that is largely ascribable to analytical errors. If, however we accept that the scatter of Th-228 data is real and the variation is caused solely by decay of its parent Ra-228, We,,, set an upper limit of similar to 5 years for the renewal time of the trench water., La première série détaillée de données géochimiques obtenues dans deux colonnes d'eau des fosses du Japon et des îles Bonin, respectivement jusqu'à 7585 m et 9750 m, est présentée ici. Elle porte sur la série uranium/thorium, sur les isotopes de thorium, protactinium, actinium et plomb et sur les retombées des nucléides radioactifs artificiels (strontium-90, césium-137 et plutonium) ainsi que sur quelques éléments à l'état de traces (vanadium, zinc, cadmium, cuivre, manganèse et nickel). Les caractéristiques hydrologiques telles que température, salinité, oxygène dissous et teneurs en nutriments prennent les mêmes valeurs aux mêmes profondeurs, dans les fosses comme dans l'eau de fond du bassin nord-occidental du Pacifique (typiquement, vers 6000 m). De même, les valeurs de l'activité des nucléides radioactifs et les concentrations de la plupart des traces métalliques ne sont pas très différentes dans la fosse et dans l'eau sus-jacente, vers 5000–6000 m. Si, au cours de son transit dans la fosse, l'eau a subi une modification chimique, celle-ci n'a pas été détectée par les techniques utilisées. Cela suggère que l'eau de la fosse communique assez librement par mélange isopycne avec l'eau de fond qui couvre la plaine abyssale dans le nord-ouest du Pacifique. Partout dans les eaux de la fosse l'activité du 239, 240Pu est élevée, ce qui indique que le plutonium est activement régénéré à partir des grosses particules qui sédimentent rapidement sur le fond, probablement par un changement de leur état d'oxydation. De plus les profils verticaux de 210Pb et 231Pa indiquent des activités plus faibles dans la fosse que dans les eaux profondes sus-jacentes, suggérant que l'effet de barrière et le balayage sur le fond sont significatifs dans la répartition de ces éléments dans l'océan. Aucun des éléments-traces étudiés ici ne se comporte comme les nucléides radioactifs. Dans la fosse des îles Bonin, les données de 228Th montrent une dispersion qui est due essentiellement aux erreurs analytiques. Cependant, si la dispersion est réelle et résulte uniquement de la désintégration du 228Ra, on peut fixer une limite supérieure d'environ cinq ans pour le temps de renouvellement de l'eau dans la fosse. more...
- Published
- 1998
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24. Dissection of a refractory pancreatic-duct stricture by using a pre-cutting needle-knife
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Etsuji Ishida, Yuko Okamoto, Yasushi Shiratori, Osamu Mizuno, Jun Kato, Tsuneyoshi Ogawa, Takashi Nakanishi, Hirotoshi Fukatsu, Hiroyuki Okada, and Hirofumi Kawamoto
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Male ,Pancreatic duct ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Pancreatic Ducts ,Gastroenterology ,Constriction, Pathologic ,Dissection (medical) ,Middle Aged ,Surgical Instruments ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Stenosis ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Refractory ,Pancreatitis, Chronic ,Pancreatic duct stricture ,Cutting needle ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Endoscopy, Digestive System ,business - Published
- 2006
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25. Evaluation of the radiosensitizing effects of RK28 intravenous, intraarterial, and intratumoral injections on the rabbit VX2 tumor system
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Hiroki Suda, Yutaka Honma, Naofumi Matsunaga, Tatsuya Kuramitsu, Masakazu Sakaguchi, Takashi Nakanishi, Kazuyu Ebe, and Yoshiyuki Miyata
- Subjects
Male ,Radiation-Sensitizing Agents ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hindlimb ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Pharmacokinetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radiosensitivity ,Misonidazole ,Radiation ,Lagomorpha ,biology ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Neoplasms, Experimental ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Radiation therapy ,Injections, Intra-Arterial ,Oncology ,Injections, Intravenous ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Rabbits ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Conjugate - Abstract
To evaluate the differences in the radiosensitizing effects of intravenous (i.v.) injection, intraarterial (i.a.) injection, and intratumoral (i.t.) injections of the hypoxic cell radiosensitizer RK28 ([1-(4'-hydroxy-2'-butenoxy)methyl-2-nitroimidazole], a 2-nitroimidazole with an acyclic sugar analogue substituted at the N-1 position of the imidazole ring) using an animal experimental system.Rabbit VX2 tumors, which were implanted in the muscle of left hind legs and grown to 3 cm in diameter, were treated with RK28 (80 mg/kg x b.wt.) before 15 Gy of local x-ray irradiation. The auricular vein and the left saphenous artery were used for systemic injection and regional injection, respectively. For i.t. injection, a 21-gauge needle with three lateral holes was positioned in the central area of the tumor. Tumor regression was precisely evaluated by computed tomograpy (CT), and survival time was also studied. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), pharmacokinetic studies for RK28 and its seven major metabolites were performed in tumor and serum at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 min after drug injection was completed.Radiosensitizing effects of RK28 were considered present after i.a. injection (p0.05) and i.t. injection (p0.05) after analyzing tumor volumes on day 21 after treatment. Increased survival was not observed in any group with RK28 injection compared with survival in the group treated by x-ray irradiation alone. Pharmacokinetic studies showed the average concentration of RK28 in the tumor during x-ray irradiation was 1.3 times higher after i.a. injection and 3.5 times higher after i.t. injection than that after i.v. injection. The time modifying factor50 (TMF50: ratio of time for tumor to decrease by 50%, radiation alone vs. radiation plus drug) was calculated to be 1.5 after i.v. injection, 1.7 after i.a. injection, and 2.3 after i.t. injection. The values of TMF50 correlated to the average concentrations of RK28 in the tumor. As to metabolites of RK28, beta-glucuronated compound and cysteine conjugate were highly detected. The concentrations of cysteine conjugate were higher in the tumor than in serum via i.v. injection.Radiosensitizing effects of RK28 were observed on the rabbit VX-2 tumor system after i.a. or i.t. injection. Pharmacokinetic studies proved that radiosensitizing effects depended on the concentration in the tumor, though the administration routes were different. Combined forms with nonprotein thiols were detected. However, survival benefits were not obtained by RK28. For clinical applications of RK28, i.a. or i.t. injection could facilitate better local control of cancer. more...
- Published
- 1996
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26. Peptide YY-induced alteration of colonic electrolyte transport in the rat
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Tatsuya Kiyohara, Masaru Okuno, Shuji Kanayama, Yuji Matsuzawa, Yasuhisa Shinomura, and Takashi Nakanishi
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Colon ,Physiology ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Bethanechol ,Muscarinic Agonists ,Biochemistry ,Ion Channels ,Amiloride ,Gastrointestinal Hormones ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Electrolytes ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Endocrinology ,Chlorides ,Postsynaptic potential ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Peptide YY ,ortho-Aminobenzoates ,Ion transporter ,Ussing chamber ,Chemistry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Calcium Channel Blockers ,Electric Stimulation ,Rats ,Electrophysiology ,Gastrointestinal hormone ,Cholinergic ,Peptides ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Sodium Channel Blockers ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The effect of peptide YY (PYY) on active electrolyte transport in rat colon was studied under short-circuited conditions. PYY (10−6 M) decreased the basal short-circuit current (Isc) in both the distal and proximal segments of the colon. The decrease in Isc induced by PYY in the distal colon was about 3 times larger than that in the proximal colon. The response to PYY was inhibited by diphenylamine 2-carboxylate, a specific blocker of the Cl-channel, but not by amiloride, a Na-channel blocker. Unidirectional flux measurements in the distal colon revealed that PYY increased the net Na and Cl absorption and decreased the serosal-to-mucosal Cl flux. PYY inhibited the neurally mediated secretory response to electrical field stimulation in a concentration-dependent manner. PYY was also shown to reduce the direct action of the cholinergic agonist bethanechol on the epithelium. These results suggest that PYY inhibits electrogenic Cl secretion and stimulates electroneutral NaCl absorption via both presynaptic and postsynaptic sites in the distal colon. more...
- Published
- 1996
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27. Analysis of Factors Associated with Difficult Biliary Cannulation: Especially Regarding Post Operative Anatomical Factors
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Yuko Okamoto, Ken Hirao, Etsuji Ishida, Hironari Kato, Tsuneyoshi Ogawa, Takashi Nakanishi, Naoko Kurihara, Hirofumi Kawamoto, Hirotoshi Fukatsu, Yasushi Shiratori, and Osamu Mizuno
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Gastroenterology ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Post operative ,business - Published
- 2006
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28. The standardization trend of radio disturbance characteristics of vehicles and electronic devices — part 2: limits and methods of broadband and narrowband radio disturbance characteristics
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Takashi Nakanishi, Toshio Asahi, and Ishihara Nobuyuki
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Engineering ,Narrowband ,Disturbance (geology) ,Standardization ,business.industry ,Automotive Engineering ,Broadband ,Electrical engineering ,Electronic engineering ,Electronics ,business - Published
- 1995
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29. Increased fundic mucosal interleukin-1β and hepatocyte growth factor release in H. pylori associated enlarged fold gastritis
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Michihiro Yabu, Yuji Matsuzawa, Yasuhisa Shinomura, Yoshiji Miyazaki, J.J. Bonilla-Palacios, Yoshifumi Higashimoto, Shuji Kanayama, Shinji Kitamura, Yoko Murayama, H. Nishibayashi, Yuichi Yasunaga, and Takashi Nakanishi more...
- Subjects
Interleukin 1β ,Hepatology ,Fold (higher-order function) ,Chemistry ,Gastroenterology ,medicine ,Hepatocyte growth factor ,Gastritis ,medicine.symptom ,Molecular biology ,medicine.drug - Published
- 1995
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30. 231Pa and 230Th profiles in the open ocean water column
- Author
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Takashi Nakanishi and Yoshiyuki Nozaki
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Isotope ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Mineralogy ,Pelagic zone ,Particulates ,Uranium ,Deep sea ,Oceanography ,Water column ,chemistry ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Seawater ,Nuclide ,Geology ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
231Pa and two Th isotopes (230Th and 228Th) were measured using large-volume water samples from the western North Pacific. Although 231Pa and 230Th have uniform source distributions (by decay of uranium) throughout the oceans, their vertical profiles are discernibly different from each other. The 231Pa profile shows a mid-depth maximum around 2.5 km, while 230Th increases monotonically with depth. This demonstrates that these nuclides follow different pathways for their transport and removal from seawater to depositional sinks. The activity ratio of 230Th/231Pa in seawater increases from one at the surface to four at a depth of 4 to 5 km, which is lower by a factor of 10 than the ratios published for open ocean particulate matter at the same depth horizon. The distribution coefficient, KD for Pa, and the fractionation factor, FTh/Pa, between natural marine particulate matter and seawater are constant with depth at ∼2 × 100 and 10, respectively. This implies that the adsorptive characteristics of deep open ocean particles are independent of particle composition or the content of manganese. The mean residence time of 231Pa is estimated to be 200 years, which is considerably longer than that of 230Th, but close to that of 210Pb. There is a general similarity between 231Pa and 210Pb in their deep ocean profiles, suggesting that 231Pa may follow 210Pb in the marine geochemical system. more...
- Published
- 1985
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31. Determination of 239,240Pu in seawater
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Takashi Nakanishi, M. Senaga, M. Sakanoue, K. Sakamoto, A. Ishikawa, M. Yajima, and M. Takei
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Settling ,chemistry ,Yield (chemistry) ,Radiochemistry ,General Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Seawater ,Scavenging ,Pacific ocean ,Nuclear chemistry ,Plutonium - Abstract
In order to be able to predict the fate and pathways of plutonium dispersed on the ocean, the concentration of 239,240 Pu in surface and deep seawaters collected during cruises from 1976 to 1982 in areas suchas the Pacific Ocean were determined by the Japanese reference procedure. 236 Pu and 242 Pu, calibrated by reference to a standardized 241 Am solution, were used as yield tracers and in view of the correction necessary for 236 Pu decay, the half-life of 236 Pu was redetermined by preparing synthetic mixtures such as 236 Pu + 239, 240 Pu and measuring the decrease in the 236 Pu/ 239,240 Pu alpha-activity ratio by alpha-spectrometry. The concentration of 239, 240 Pu in seawaters studied in this work were in range from 2 to 37 μBq1 −1 , and from the secular change in the concentration and in 239, 240 Pu profile, it is suggested that plutonium in the ocean is resistant to scavenging and renoval by settling matter. The 236 Pu half-life va;ue obtained in this work, (1046.9 ± 3.1) days, compared well with the value reported in 1957. more...
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
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