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There have been many surveys of public responses to Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), both reported in peer-reviewed journals and in the mainstream media. People anchor their representations of novel technological objects within their existing experience. What elements of such experience anchor AVs? We review academic English language survey studies from 2015 to 2017 and surveys publicised in UK National newspapers which typically reveal discomfort about the prospect of AVs. Against this background we report the results of our own survey of 11,827 drivers across 11 European countries, addressing attitudes to driving alongside AVs as well as to riding in them. We establish a composite indicator of perceptions of AVs that combines responses on using AVs and sharing the road with them, and analyse its relationship with a set of covariate measures. Respondents’ technological optimism and uptake of driving technology was associated with more positive perceptions of AVs, and measures of respondents’ enjoyment of driving, and how ‘sociable’ they were towards fellow road users, was associated with more negative perceptions. The negative association between driving ‘sociability’ and enthusiasm for AVs was attenuated by levels of general technological optimism. We discuss the difficulties in researching public responses to novel technological objects and make suggestions for improvement in future survey research on AVs.

� Objective: To determine whether prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations in type 2 diabetic men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism are lower than those in eugonadal men with type 2 diabetes and whether PSA concentrations are related to plasma testosterone concentrations. � Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we measured serum total testosterone, sex hormone–binding globulin, free testosterone, PSA, hematocrit, and hemoglobin A 1c in consecutive type 2 diabetic men who presented to 2 endocrinology referral centers between January 2006 and January 2007. We collected other clinical and demographic data including age, height, weight, and ethnicity. � Results:�Of 400 eligible patients, 280 men met inclusion criteria. Plasma PSA concentrations were lower in type 2 diabetic men with low free testosterone concentrations than in those with normal free testosterone concentrations (25.65 ± 2.02 ng/dL vs 31.70 ± 2.31 ng/dL, P = .011). PSA concentrations were positively related to age (r = 0.34, P

The stratified inner layer of the embryonic fetal brain, the ventricular zone (VZ), contains glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cell bodies of radial glia. The adult cerebral ventricle is lined by a single layer of cuboidal, ciliated common ependymal cells which are, immunohistologically, GFAP negative. In late gestation, the ventricular lining is formed by tanycytes, ependymal cells with short, intensely GFAP-positive basal fibres. The development of ependyma was examined, morphologically and immunohistologically, in human fetal brain from between 11 weeks gestation to 6 months post-term to determine the relationship between the radial glia cell, tanycyte and common ependymal cell. This study was not able to show whether tanycytes were formed from radial glia or were formed from a previously uncommitted population of VZ cells. The study did show, however, that tanycytes probably mature into common ependymal cells following acquisition of cilia and loss of basal fibres. Electron microscopic data indicate that tanycytes have features suggestive of a secretory and/or transport function.