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Background Academic resilience is an important characteristic that helps nursing students, who must engage in intensive learning and clinical practice, to overcome academic stress and adapt to their school and the clinical field. Objectives To determine the characteristics of nursing students with high academic resilience. Design This study used a cross-sectional design. Setting Three universities in South Korea. Subjects We recruited a convenience sample of 254 nursing students. Methods Academic resilience, general characteristics, clinical practice stress, clinical practice satisfaction, and social-affective capability were assessed via self-reported questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared test, and analysis of variance with Tukey's post hoc test. Results The mean academic resilience score was 3.79. A greater proportion of respondents with high levels of academic resilience had good interpersonal relationships (χ2 = 35.175, p Conclusion Based on our results, students with high academic resilience are more likely to continue their studies and benefit from programs that strengthen their social-affective capability. We therefore propose that nursing school curriculum focus on enhancing social-affective capability.

The novel complexes [LnCoCl2] (Ln = LA − LH), containing the N,N-chelating ligands N,N-bis((1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)aniline (LA), N,N-bis((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-3,5-dimethylaniline (LB), N,N-bis((1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)-3,5-dimethylaniline (LC), N,N-bis((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)-3,5-dimethylaniline (LD), N,N-bis((1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)-4-methoxyaniline (LE), N,N-bis((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)-4-methoxyaniline (LF), N,N-bis((1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)-4-fluoroaniline (LG) and N,N-bis((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)-4-fluoroaniline (LH), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The molecular structures of these Co(II) complexes showed a distorted tetrahedral geometry. No interaction exists between the Namine atom and the Co(II) centre in the [LnCoCl2] complexes, thus resulting in the formation of an eight membered chelate ring. [LDCoCl2] exhibited the highest catalytic activity (4.02 × 104 g PMMA/molCo h) for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in the presence of modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) at 60 °C and yielded poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) with high molecular weight (Mw) (10.5 × 105 g/mol). Syndiotactic enriched PMMA was obtained with Tg in range 123–130 °C. The MMA polymerization activity of the complexes in the current study should not be solely considered as a function of the total steric hindrance from the ligands around the metal center. The dimethyl derivatives [LnCoMe2] (Ln = LA − LH), generated in situ, effectively polymerized rac-lactide (rac-LA) and yielded polylactide (PLA) with good number-average molecular weights and narrower polydispersity indices (PDIs). The electronic density around the metal center in these dimethyl cobalt initiators seemed to enhance the activity, while the stereoselectivity is negatively affected. Thus, the presence or absence of a methyl group in the pyrazole ring moiety influences not only the activity of the Co(II) complexes in the MMA polymerization, but also the stereoselectivity of the Co(II) initiators in the ROP of rac-LA.

Novel [LnMCl2] complexes (Ln = LA, LB; M = Co, Cu, Zn) containing the N,N-chelating ligands N,N-bis((1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)cyclopentanamine (LA) and N,N-bis((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)cyclopentanamine (LB) have been synthesized and characterized. The X-ray crystal structures of the Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes revealed that the ligands are coordinated in an N,N,N-tridentate manner, resulting in distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometries through the coordinative interaction of the nitrogen atom of the cyclopentylamine moiety and the metal centers. [LAZnCl2] showed a distorted tetrahedral geometry involving a non-coordinative interaction of the Namine atom and the Zn(II) center, resulting in the formation of an eight membered chelate ring. [LACoCl2] exhibited the highest catalytic activity (7.67 × 104 g PMMA/mol Co h) for the polymerization of MMA in the presence of MMAO at 60 °C and yielded PMMA with a high molecular weight (Mw) (11.2 × 105 g/mol) and narrower polydispersity index (PDI) 1.01 compared to its Cu(II) and Zn(II) analogs. Syndiotactic enriched PMMA was obtained with Tg in the range 120–132 °C. The introduction of bulky methyl substituents played an influential role on controlling the catalytic activities while the syndiotacticities remained unaffected.

A finite set W of words over an alphabet A is cyclic if, whenever u , v ∈ A ∗ and u v , v u ∈ W ∗ , we have u , v ∈ W ∗ . If it is only assumed that the property holds for all u , v ∈ A ∗ with a large length, then W is called pseudo-cyclic, that is, there is N ∈ N such that, whenever u , v ∈ A ∗ with | u | , | v | ≥ N and u v , v u ∈ W ∗ , we have u , v ∈ W ∗ . We analyze the class of pseudo-cyclic sets and describe how it is related to the open question which asks whether every irreducible shift of finite type is conjugate to a renewal system.

We present three equivalent conditions for a generating set W of a renewal system to generate a maximal monoid in the language of the system. We show that if a code W generates a shift of finite type and satisfies those conditions, then it is cyclic. Sufficient conditions are given when the converse holds.