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1. Distinct personality profiles associated with disease risk and diagnostic status in eating disorders

Author

Zhang, Zuo, primary, Robinson, Lauren, additional, Campbell, Iain, additional, Irish, Madeleine, additional, Bobou, Marina, additional, Winterer, Jeanne, additional, Zhang, Yuning, additional, King, Sinead, additional, Vaidya, Nilakshi, additional, Broulidakis, M. John, additional, van Noort, Betteke Maria, additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Bokde, Arun L.W., additional, Brühl, Rüdiger, additional, Fröhner, Juliane H., additional, Grigis, Antoine, additional, Garavan, Hugh, additional, Gowland, Penny, additional, Heinz, Andreas, additional, Hohmann, Sarah, additional, Martinot, Jean-Luc, additional, Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère, additional, Nees, Frauke, additional, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, additional, Paus, Tomáš, additional, Poustka, Luise, additional, Sinclair, Julia, additional, Smolka, Michael N., additional, Walter, Henrik, additional, Whelan, Robert, additional, Schumann, Gunter, additional, Schmidt, Ulrike, additional, and Desrivières, Sylvane, additional

Published
2024
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3. Psychopharmacology in children and adolescents: unmet needs and opportunities

Author

Cortese, Samuele, primary, Purper-Ouakil, Diane, additional, Apter, Alan, additional, Arango, Celso, additional, Baeza, Inmaculada, additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Buitelaar, Jan, additional, Castro-Fornieles, Josefina, additional, Coghill, David, additional, Cohen, David, additional, Correll, Christoph U, additional, Grünblatt, Edna, additional, Hoekstra, Pieter J, additional, James, Anthony, additional, Jeppesen, Pia, additional, Nagy, Péter, additional, Pagsberg, Anne Katrine, additional, Parellada, Mara, additional, Persico, Antonio M, additional, Roessner, Veit, additional, Santosh, Paramala, additional, Simonoff, Emily, additional, Stevanovic, Dejan, additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, Vitiello, Benedetto, additional, Walitza, Susanne, additional, Weizman, Abraham, additional, Wong, Ian C K, additional, Zalsman, Gil, additional, Zuddas, Alessandro, additional, Carucci, Sara, additional, Butlen-Ducuing, Florence, additional, Tome, Maria, additional, Bea, Myriam, additional, Getin, Christine, additional, Hovén, Nina, additional, Konradsson-Geuken, Asa, additional, Lamirell, Daphne, additional, Olisa, Nigel, additional, Nafria Escalera, Begonya, additional, and Moreno, Carmen, additional

Published
2023
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6. Narrative Review: Impairing Emotional Outbursts: What They Are and What We Should Do About Them

Author

Gabrielle A. Carlson, Manpreet K. Singh, Lisa Amaya-Jackson, Tami D. Benton, Robert R. Althoff, Christopher Bellonci, Jeff Q. Bostic, Jaclyn Datar Chua, Robert L. Findling, Cathryn A. Galanter, Ruth S. Gerson, Michael T. Sorter, Argyris Stringaris, James G. Waxmonsky, and Jon M. McClellan

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health, Developmental and Educational Psychology
Abstract

Impairing emotional outbursts, defined by extreme anger or distress in response to relatively ordinary frustrations and disappointments, impact all mental health care systems, emergency departments, schools, and juvenile justice programs. However, the prevalence, outcome, and impact of outbursts are difficult to quantify because they are transdiagnostic and not explicitly defined by current diagnostic nosology. Research variably addresses outbursts under the rubrics of tantrums, anger, irritability, aggression, rage attacks, or emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Consistent methods for identifying and assessing impairing emotional outbursts across development or systems of care are lacking.The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Presidential Task Force (2019-2021) conducted a narrative review addressing impairing emotional outbursts within the limitations of the existing literature and independent of diagnosis.Extrapolating from the existing literature, best estimates suggest that outbursts occur in 4%-10% of community children (preschoolers through adolescents). Impairing emotional outbursts may respond to successful treatment of the primary disorder, especially for some children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder whose medications have been optimized. However, outbursts are generally multi-determined and often represent maladaptive or deficient coping strategies and responses.Evidence-based strategies are necessary to address factors that trigger, reinforce, or excuse the behaviors and to enhance problem-solving skills. Currently available interventions yield only modest effect sizes for treatment effect. More specific definitions and measures are needed to track and quantify outbursts and to design and assess the effectiveness of interventions. Better treatments are clearly needed.

Published
2023
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9. The future of child and adolescent clinical psychopharmacology: A systematic review of phase 2, 3, or 4 randomized controlled trials of pharmacologic agents without regulatory approval or for unapproved indications

Author

Cortese, Samuele, primary, McGinn, Katherine, additional, Højlund, Mikkel, additional, Apter, Alan, additional, Arango, Celso, additional, Baeza, Immaculada, additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Buitelaar, Jan, additional, Castro-Fornieles, Josefina, additional, Coghill, David, additional, Cohen, David, additional, Grünblatt, Edna, additional, Hoekstra, Pieter J., additional, James, Anthony, additional, Jeppesen, Pia, additional, Nagy, Péter, additional, Pagsberg, Anne Katrine, additional, Parellada, Mara, additional, Persico, Antonio M., additional, Purper-Ouakil, Diane, additional, Roessner, Veit, additional, Santosh, Paramala, additional, Simonoff, Emily, additional, Stevanovic, Dejan, additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, Vitiello, Benedetto, additional, Walitza, Susanne, additional, Weizman, Abraham, additional, Wohlfarth, Tamar, additional, Wong, Ian C.K., additional, Zalsman, Gil, additional, Zuddas, Alessandro, additional, Moreno, Carmen, additional, Solmi, Marco, additional, and Correll, Christoph U., additional

Published
2023
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10. Narrative Review: Impairing Emotional Outbursts: What They Are and What We Should Do About Them

Author

Carlson, Gabrielle A., primary, Singh, Manpreet K., additional, Amaya-Jackson, Lisa, additional, Benton, Tami D., additional, Althoff, Robert R., additional, Bellonci, Christopher, additional, Bostic, Jeff Q., additional, Chua, Jaclyn Datar, additional, Findling, Robert L., additional, Galanter, Cathryn A., additional, Gerson, Ruth S., additional, Sorter, Michael T., additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, Waxmonsky, James G., additional, and McClellan, Jon M., additional

Published
2023
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11. Chronotype, Longitudinal Volumetric Brain Variations Throughout Adolescence, and Depressive Symptom Development

Author

Vulser, Hélène, primary, Lemaître, Hervé S., additional, Guldner, Stella, additional, Bezivin-Frère, Pauline, additional, Löffler, Martin, additional, Sarvasmaa, Anna S., additional, Massicotte-Marquez, Jessica, additional, Artiges, Eric, additional, Paillère Martinot, Marie-Laure, additional, Filippi, Irina, additional, Miranda, Ruben, additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, van Noort, Betteke Maria, additional, Penttilä, Jani, additional, Grimmer, Yvonne, additional, Becker, Andreas, additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Bokde, Arun L.W., additional, Desrivières, Sylvane, additional, Fröhner, Juliane H., additional, Garavan, Hugh, additional, Grigis, Antoine, additional, Gowland, Penny A., additional, Heinz, Andreas, additional, Papadopoulos Orfanos, Dimitri, additional, Poustka, Luise, additional, Smolka, Michael N., additional, Spechler, Philip A., additional, Walter, Henrik, additional, Whelan, Robert, additional, Schumann, Gunter, additional, Flor, Herta, additional, Martinot, Jean-Luc, additional, and Nees, Frauke, additional

Published
2023
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12. The knowns and unknowns of SSRI treatment in young people with depression and anxiety: efficacy, predictors, and mechanisms of action

Author

Liliana Capitão, Susannah E. Murphy, Sophie L C Giles, Catherine J. Harmer, Argyris Stringaris, and Philip J. Cowen

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, MEDLINE, Cognition, behavioral disciplines and activities, Clinical trial, Psychiatry and Mental health, Action (philosophy), mental disorders, medicine, Anxiety, Risks and benefits, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Social functioning
Abstract

The use of SSRIs for the treatment of depression and anxiety in young people is increasing. However, the effects of SSRIs in adolescence, a time when there are substantial changes in neural, cognitive, and social functioning, are not well understood. Here, we review evidence from clinical trials about the benefits and risks of SSRIs in young people and consider their mechanisms of action, as shown through human experimental work and animal models. We emphasise key outstanding questions about the effects of SSRIs in youth, identified through gaps in the literature and in consultation with young people with lived experience. It is crucial to characterise the mechanisms underpinning risks and benefits of SSRIs in this age group to progress the field, and to narrow the chasm between the widespread use of SSRIs in youth and the science on which this use is based.

Published
2021
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14. Mood and Behaviors of Adolescents With Depression in a Longitudinal Study Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Sadeghi, Neda, primary, Fors, Payton Q., additional, Eisner, Lillian, additional, Taigman, Jeremy, additional, Qi, Karen, additional, Gorham, Lisa S., additional, Camp, Christopher C., additional, O’Callaghan, Georgia, additional, Rodriguez, Diana, additional, McGuire, Jerry, additional, Garth, Erin M., additional, Engel, Chana, additional, Davis, Mollie, additional, Towbin, Kenneth E., additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, and Nielson, Dylan M., additional

Published
2022
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15. Great Expectations: A Critical Review of and Suggestions for the Study of Reward Processing as a Cause and Predictor of Depression

Author

Pablo Vidal-Ribas, Stuart Kirwan, Sarah M. Jackson, Narun Pornpattananangkul, Dylan M. Nielson, Ioanna Douka, Georgia O’Callaghan, Christopher C. Camp, Hanna Keren, Charles Y. Zheng, Argyris Stringaris, Lisa S. Gorham, and Christine Wei

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Motivation, Depression, Causality, Reward processing, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Treatment targets, Reward, Meta-analysis, Humans, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Both human and animal studies support the relationship between depression and reward processing abnormalities, giving rise to the expectation that neural signals of these processes may serve as biomarkers or mechanistic treatment targets. Given the great promise of this research line, we scrutinized those findings and the theoretical claims that underlie them. To achieve this, we applied the framework provided by classical work on causality as well as contemporary approaches to prediction. We identified a number of conceptual, practical, and analytical challenges to this line of research and used a preregistered meta-analysis to quantify the longitudinal associations between reward processing abnormalities and depression. We also investigated the impact of measurement error on reported data. We found that reward processing abnormalities do not reach levels that would be useful for clinical prediction, yet the available evidence does not preclude a possible causal role in depression.

Published
2021
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17. Mental health of children and adolescents with pre-existing psychiatric and developmental disorders during the first pandemic-related lockdown: A cross-sectional study in Greece

Author

Magklara, K., primary, Giannopoulou, I., additional, Kotsis, K., additional, Tsalamanios, E., additional, Grigoriadou, A., additional, Ladopoulou, K., additional, Koullourou, I., additional, Serdari, A., additional, Sadeghi, N., additional, O'Callaghan, G., additional, Priftis, D., additional, Ntakolia, C., additional, Stringaris, A., additional, Lazaratou, E., additional, Lagakou, E., additional, Mamaki, E., additional, Neou, E., additional, Polaki, O., additional, Triantafyllou, G., additional, Valvi, E., additional, and Vassara, V., additional

Published
2022
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18. Neural Correlates of Adolescent Irritability and Its Comorbidity With Psychiatric Disorders

Author

Bader Chaarani, Kees-Jan Kan, Scott Mackey, Philip A. Spechler, Alexandra Potter, Tobias Banaschewski, Sabina Millenet, Arun L.W. Bokde, Uli Bromberg, Christian Büchel, Anna Cattrell, Patricia J. Conrod, Sylvane Desrivières, Herta Flor, Vincent Frouin, Jürgen Gallinat, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Bernd Ittermann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Frauke Nees, Tomáš Paus, Luise Poustka, Michael N. Smolka, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Argyris Stringaris, Stephen T. Higgins, Gunter Schumann, Hugh Garavan, Robert R. Althoff, Dr. Michael Rapp, Dr. Eric Artiges, Sophia Schneider, Christine Bach, Dr. Tomas Paus, Alexis Barbot, Dr. Gareth Barker, Dr. Arun Bokde, Dr. Nora Vetter, Dr. Christian Büchel, Dr. Anna Cattrell, Patrick Constant, Dr. Hans Crombag, Katharina Czech, Dr. Jeffrey Dalley, Benjamin Decideur, Tade Spranger, Dr. Tamzin Ripley, Dr. Nadja Heym, Dr. Wolfgang Sommer, Birgit Fuchs, Dr. Jürgen Gallinat, Dr. Hugh Garavan, Dr. Rainer Spanagel, Mehri Kaviani, Dr. Bert Heinrichs, Dr. Andreas Heinz, Naresh Subramaniam, Dr. Tianye Jia, Albrecht Ihlenfeld, James Ireland, Dr. Bernd Ittermann, Dr. Patricia Conrod, Dr. Tobias Banaschewski, Jennifer Jones, Dr. Arno Klaassen, Christophe Lalanne, Dr. Dirk Lanzerath, Dr. Claire Lawrence, Dr. Hervé Lemaitre, Dr. Sylvane Desrivieres, Catherine Mallik, Dr. Karl Mann, Dr. Adam Mar, Lourdes Martinez-Medina, Dr. Jean-Luc Martinot, Eva Mennigen, Dr. Fabiana Mesquita de Carvahlo, Yannick Schwartz, Dr. Ruediger Bruehl, Kathrin Müller, Charlotte Nymberg, Dr. Mark Lathrop, Dr. Trevor Robbins, Dr. Zdenka Pausova, Dr. Jani Pentilla, Dr. Francesca Biondo, Dr. Jean-Baptiste Poline, Dr. Luise Poustka, Dr. Michael Smolka, Juliane Fröhner, Dr. Maren Struve, Dr. Steve Williams, Dr. Thomas Hübner, Semiha Aydin, John Rogers, Alexander Romanowski, Dr. Christine Schmäl, Dirk Schmidt, Stephan Ripke, Dr. Mercedes Arroyo, Dr. Florian Schubert, Dr. Yolanda Pena-Oliver, Mira Fauth-Bühler, Xavier Mignon, Dr. Robert Whelan, Dr. Claudia Speiser, Tahmine Fadai, Dr. Dai Stephens, Dr. Andreas Ströhle, Dr. Marie-Laure Paillere, Nicole Strache, David Theobald, Sarah Jurk, Dr. Helene Vulser, Ruben Miranda, Dr. Juliana Yacubilin, Alexander Genauck, Caroline Parchetka, Isabel Gemmeke, Johann Kruschwitz, Katharina Weiss, Dr. Henrik Walter, Jianfeng Feng, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Irina Filippi, Alex Ing, Dr. Barbara Ruggeri, Bing Xu, Christine Macare, Dr. Congying Chu, Eanna Hanratty, Dr. Erin Burke Quinlan, Dr. Gabriel Robert, Dr. Gunter Schumann, Dr. Tao Yu, Veronika Ziesch, and Alicia Stedman

Subjects
Neural correlates of consciousness, medicine.medical_specialty, Generalized anxiety disorder, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, 05 social sciences, medicine.disease, Irritability, Comorbidity, Psychiatry and Mental health, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Major depressive disorder, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Irritable Mood, medicine.symptom, Psychiatry, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, business, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Psychopathology
Abstract

Objective Irritable mood, a common and impairing symptom in psychopathology, has been proposed to underlie the developmental link between oppositional problems in youth and depression in adulthood. We examined the neural correlates of adolescent irritability in IMAGEN, a sample of 2,024 14-year-old adolescents from 5 European countries. Method The Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) was used to assess attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, major depressive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder. Three items from the DAWBA, selected as close matches to the Affective Reactivity Index, were used to assess irritability. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was examined using whole-brain voxel-based morphometry analysis, and functional magnetic resonance imaging was examined during a stop signal task of inhibitory control. Imaging data were included in structural equation models to examine the direct and indirect associations between irritable mood and comorbid DSM diagnoses. Results Whole-brain voxelwise analysis showed that adolescent irritable mood was associated with less gray matter volume and less neural activation underlying inhibitory control in frontal and temporal cortical areas (cluster-correction at p Conclusion This study identifies adolescent irritability as an independent construct and points to a neurobiological correlate to irritability that is an important contributing feature to many psychopathological disorders.

Published
2020
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19. A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Citalopram Adjunctive to Stimulant Medication in Youth With Chronic Severe Irritability

Author

Cheri McNeil, Wanda Wheeler, Melissa A. Brotman, Daniel S. Pine, Chana Engel, Andrew Pickles, Catherine T. Haring, Catherine H. Yokum, Gerald P. Overman, Beth Lee, Argyris Stringaris, Pablo Vidal-Ribas, Caroline G. Wambach, Ariela Kaiser, Katherine V. Miller, Ellen Leibenluft, Banafsheh Sharif-Askary, Mollie Davis, Aria Vitale, Kenneth E. Towbin, and Alexandra Roule

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Placebo-controlled study, Citalopram, Irritability, Placebo, Article, law.invention, Double-Blind Method, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, mental disorders, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Child, Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, Mood Disorders, Methylphenidate, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Infant, medicine.disease, Antidepressive Agents, Irritable Mood, Clinical trial, Psychiatry and Mental health, Treatment Outcome, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders, Central Nervous System Stimulants, medicine.symptom, business, 050104 developmental & child psychology, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective Despite the clinical importance of chronic and severe irritability, there is a paucity of controlled trials for its pharmacological treatment. Here, we examine the effects of adding citalopram (CTP) to methylphenidate (MPH) in the treatment of chronic severe irritability in youth using a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled design. Method After a lead-in phase of open treatment with stimulant, 53 youth meeting criteria for severe mood dysregulation (SMD) were randomly assigned to receive CTP or placebo (PBO) for 8 weeks. A total of 49 participants, 48 of them (98%) meeting disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) criteria, were included in the intent-to-treat analysis. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of response based on improvements of irritability at the week 8 of the trial. Results At the end of the trial, a significantly higher proportion of response was seen in those participants randomly assigned to CTP+MPH compared to PBO+MPH (35% CTP+MPH versus 6% PBO+MPH; odds ratio = 11.70, 95% CI = 2.00−68.16, p = 0.006). However, there were no differences in functional impairment between groups at the end of the trial. No differences were found in any adverse effect between treatment groups, and no trial participant exhibited hypomanic or manic symptoms. Conclusion Adjunctive CTP might be efficacious in the treatment of chronic severe irritability in youth resistant to stimulant treatment alone. Clinical trial registration information A Controlled Trial of Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Added to Stimulant Medication in Youth With Severe Mood Dysregulation; https://clinicaltrials.gov ; NCT00794040 .

Published
2020
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21. Predicting Depression Onset in Young People Based on Clinical, Cognitive, Environmental, and Neurobiological Data

Author

Toenders, Yara J., primary, Kottaram, Akhil, additional, Dinga, Richard, additional, Davey, Christopher G., additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Bokde, Arun L.W., additional, Quinlan, Erin Burke, additional, Desrivières, Sylvane, additional, Flor, Herta, additional, Grigis, Antoine, additional, Garavan, Hugh, additional, Gowland, Penny, additional, Heinz, Andreas, additional, Brühl, Rüdiger, additional, Martinot, Jean-Luc, additional, Paillère Martinot, Marie-Laure, additional, Nees, Frauke, additional, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, additional, Lemaitre, Herve, additional, Paus, Tomáš, additional, Poustka, Luise, additional, Hohmann, Sarah, additional, Fröhner, Juliane H., additional, Smolka, Michael N., additional, Walter, Henrik, additional, Whelan, Robert, additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, van Noort, Betteke, additional, Penttilä, Jani, additional, Grimmer, Yvonne, additional, Insensee, Corinna, additional, Becker, Andreas, additional, Schumann, Gunter, additional, and Schmaal, Lianne, additional

Published
2022
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23. P.0509 Emotion de-regulation in a cohort of young europeans during the spring 2020 lockdown

Author

Steff, A., primary, Godinot, M.L., additional, Gourlan, C., additional, Robinson, L., additional, Vidya, N., additional, Winterer, J., additional, Bobou, M., additional, Desrivières, S., additional, Papadopoulos, D., additional, Walter, H., additional, Stringaris, A., additional, Paillère, M.L., additional, Schumann, G., additional, Martinot, J.L., additional, and Artiges, E., additional

Published
2021
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24. Development of Disordered Eating Behaviors and Comorbid Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Neural and Psychopathological Predictors

Author

Zhang, Zuo, primary, Robinson, Lauren, additional, Jia, Tianye, additional, Quinlan, Erin Burke, additional, Tay, Nicole, additional, Chu, Congying, additional, Barker, Edward D., additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Barker, Gareth J., additional, Bokde, Arun L.W., additional, Flor, Herta, additional, Grigis, Antoine, additional, Garavan, Hugh, additional, Gowland, Penny, additional, Heinz, Andreas, additional, Ittermann, Bernd, additional, Martinot, Jean-Luc, additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, Penttilä, Jani, additional, van Noort, Betteke, additional, Grimmer, Yvonne, additional, Paillère Martinot, Marie-Laure, additional, Isensee, Corinna, additional, Becker, Andreas, additional, Nees, Frauke, additional, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, additional, Paus, Tomáš, additional, Poustka, Luise, additional, Hohmann, Sarah, additional, Fröhner, Juliane H., additional, Smolka, Michael N., additional, Walter, Henrik, additional, Whelan, Robert, additional, Schumann, Gunter, additional, Schmidt, Ulrike, additional, and Desrivières, Sylvane, additional

Published
2021
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25. Bidirectional Associations Between Stress and Reward Processing in Children and Adolescents: A Longitudinal Neuroimaging Study

Author

Aria Vitale, Daniel S. Pine, Argyris Stringaris, Pablo Vidal-Ribas, Anita Harrewijn, Brenda E. Benson, Hanna Keren, and Nathan A. Fox

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroimaging, Nucleus accumbens, Gyrus Cinguli, Article, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Reward, Basal ganglia, Humans, Medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Prospective Studies, Child, Prospective cohort study, Biological Psychiatry, Anterior cingulate cortex, Depression, business.industry, Putamen, 05 social sciences, Brain, Anticipation, Psychological, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Anticipation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, Stress, Psychological, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Psychopathology, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Background Aberrations in both neural reward processing and stress reactivity are associated with increased risk for mental illness; yet, how these two factors relate to each other remains unclear. Several studies suggest that stress exposure impacts reward function, thus increasing risk for psychopathology. However, the alternative hypothesis, in which reward dysfunction impacts stress reactivity, has been rarely examined. The current study aimed to test both hypotheses using a longitudinal design. Methods Participants were 38 children (23 girls; 61%) from a prospective cohort study. A standard stress-exposure measure was collected at 7 years of age. Children performed a well-validated imaging reward paradigm at age 10, and a standardized acute psychological stress laboratory protocol was administered both at age 10 and at age 13. Structural equation modeling was used to examine bidirectional associations between stress and neural response to reward anticipation. Results Higher exposure to stressful life events at age 7 predicted lower neural response to reward anticipation in regions of the basal ganglia at age 10, which included ventral caudate, nucleus accumbens, putamen, and globus pallidus. Lower response to reward anticipation in medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex predicted higher stress reactivity at age 13. Conclusions Our findings provide support for bidirectional associations between stress and reward processing, in that stress may impact reward anticipation, but also in that reduced reward anticipation may increase susceptibility to stress.

Published
2019
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26. Low Smoking Exposure, the Adolescent Brain, and the Modulating Role of CHRNA5 Polymorphisms

Author

Stephan Ripke, Anna Cattrell, Christophe Lalanne, Patricia J. Conrod, Tomáš Paus, Gunter Schumann, Jennifer Jones, K. Mann, Dirk Schmidt, Scott Mackey, Vincent Frouin, Eva Loth, Rainer Spanagel, Mira Fauth-Bühler, Andreas Ströhle, Jürgen Gallinat, Hélène Vulser, Jan Reuter, Catherine Mallik, Kelsey Hudson, Herta Flor, Amir M. Tahmasebi, Elliot A. Stein, Lindsay Smith, Philip A. Spechler, Bernadeta Walaszek, Kay Head, Tahmine Fadai, Frauke Nees, Bader Chaarani, Jani Pentilla, Michael A. Rapp, Uli Bromberg, Stephen T. Higgins, Argyris Stringaris, Kees-Jan Kan, Kathrin U. Müller, Craig Newman, Michael N. Smolka, Nicholas D'Alberto, Patrick Constant, Jean-Luc Martinot, Robert Whelan, Helen Werts, Claire Lawrence, Sylvane Desrivières, Nicole Strache, Laurence J. Reed, Arun L.W. Bokde, Zuleima Bricaud, Maren Struve, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Sabina Millenet, Ruediger Brühl, Tobias Banaschewski, Barbara Ruggeri, Andreas Heinz, Sophia Schneider, Kerstin Stueber, Charlotte Nymberg, Hugh Garavan, Christian Büchel, Zdenka Pausova, Robert R. Althoff, Albrecht Ihlenfeld, Catherine Orr, Eva Mennigen, Marcella Rietschel, Alexis Barbot, Alexandra Potter, Veronika Ziesch, Penny A. Gowland, Yvonne Grimmer, Jessica Massicotte, Nikolay Ivanov, Sarah Rodehacke, Yannick Schwartz, Stephanie Havatzias, Benjamin Thyreau, Chris Andrew, Juliana Yacubian, Luise Poustka, Nadja Heym, Thomas Hübner, André Galinowski, Dimitri Papadopoulos-Orfanos, L. Topper, Nora C. Vetter, Herve Lemaitre, Henrik Walter, Tianye Jia, Fanny Gollier Briand, and Bernd Ittermann

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, Ventromedial prefrontal cortex, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neuropsychological Tests, Receptors, Nicotinic, Corpus callosum, Bioinformatics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, 050105 experimental psychology, Cigarette Smoking, Nicotine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroimaging, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Biological Psychiatry, media_common, biology, business.industry, Mechanism (biology), Addiction, CHRNA5, 05 social sciences, Brain, Tobacco Use Disorder, White Matter, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Nicotinic agonist, medicine.anatomical_structure, biology.protein, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Studying the neural consequences of tobacco smoking during adolescence, including those associated with early light use, may help expose the mechanisms that underlie the transition from initial use to nicotine dependence in adulthood. However, only a few studies in adolescents exist, and they include small samples. In addition, the neural mechanism, if one exists, that links nicotinic receptor genes to smoking behavior in adolescents is still unknown. Methods Structural and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from a large sample of 14-year-old adolescents who completed an extensive battery of neuropsychological, clinical, personality, and drug-use assessments. Additional assessments were conducted at 16 years of age. Results Exposure to smoking in adolescents, even at low doses, is linked to volume changes in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and to altered neuronal connectivity in the corpus callosum. The longitudinal analyses strongly suggest that these effects are not preexisting conditions in those who progress to smoking. There was a genetic contribution wherein the volume reduction effects were magnified in smokers who were carriers of the high-risk genotype of the alpha 5 nicotinic receptor subunit gene, rs16969968. Conclusions These findings give insight into a mechanism involving genes, brain structure, and connectivity underlying why some adolescents find nicotine especially addictive.

Published
2019
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31. Mental health of children and adolescents with pre-existing psychiatric and developmental disorders during the first pandemic-related lockdown: A cross-sectional study in Greece

Author

K. Magklara, I. Giannopoulou, K. Kotsis, E. Tsalamanios, A. Grigoriadou, K. Ladopoulou, I. Koullourou, A. Serdari, N. Sadeghi, G. O'Callaghan, D. Priftis, C. Ntakolia, A. Stringaris, E. Lazaratou, E. Lagakou, E. Mamaki, E. Neou, O. Polaki, G. Triantafyllou, E. Valvi, and V. Vassara

Published
2022
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33. Structural Brain Connectivity in Childhood Disruptive Behavior Problems: A Multidimensional Approach

Author

Henning Tiemeier, Manon H.J. Hillegers, Koen Bolhuis, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Argyris Stringaris, Tonya White, Steven A. Kushner, Ryan L. Muetzel, James J. Hudziak, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Erasmus MC other, Epidemiology, Pediatrics, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, and Psychiatry

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Population, Neuroimaging, Irritability, Developmental psychology, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neural Pathways, Fractional anisotropy, medicine, Juvenile delinquency, Humans, Child, Child Behavior Checklist, education, Biological Psychiatry, Intelligence Tests, Problem Behavior, education.field_of_study, Aggression, White Matter, Irritable Mood, Temporal Lobe, Frontal Lobe, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Juvenile Delinquency, Trait, Anisotropy, Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background Studies of white matter connectivity in children with disruptive behavior have yielded inconsistent results, possibly owing to the trait’s heterogeneity, which comprises diverse symptoms like physical aggression, irritability, and delinquency. This study examined associations of global and specific white matter connectivity with childhood disruptive behavior problems, while accounting for their complex multidimensionality. Methods In a large cross-sectional population-based study of 10-year-old preadolescents (n = 2567), we assessed four previously described empirically derived dimensions of disruptive behavior problems using the Child Behavior Checklist: physical aggression, irritability, disobedient behavior, and delinquent behavior. Global and specific white matter microstructure was assessed by diffusion tensor imaging. Results Global fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were not associated with broad measures of disruptive behavior, e.g., Child Behavior Checklist externalizing problems scale. Global fractional anisotropy was negatively associated with delinquent behavior (β = −.123, pfalse discovery rate adjusted = .028) and global mean diffusivity was positively associated with delinquent behavior (β = .205, pfalse discovery rate adjusted Conclusions Delinquent behavior, a severe manifestation of childhood disruptive behavior, was associated with lower white matter microstructure in tracts connecting frontal and temporal lobes. These brain regions are involved in decision making, reward processing, and emotion regulation. This study demonstrated that incorporating the multidimensional nature of childhood disruptive behavior traits shows promise in advancing the search for elucidating neurobiological correlates of disruptive behavior.

Published
2019
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35. Is the encoding of Reward Prediction Error reliable during development?

Author

Hanna Keren, Ellen Leibenluft, Gang Chen, Nathan A. Fox, Argyris Stringaris, Brenda E. Benson, Monique Ernst, and Daniel S. Pine

Subjects
Male, Cognitive Neuroscience, Striatum, Biology, Article, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Reward, Encoding (memory), Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Reinforcement learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Child, Differential coding, Reliability (statistics), Brain Mapping, 05 social sciences, Confounding, Brain, Reproducibility of Results, Contrast (statistics), Magnetic Resonance Imaging, nervous system, Neurology, Female, sense organs, Insula, Neuroscience, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Reward Prediction Errors (RPEs), defined as the difference between the expected and received outcomes, are integral to reinforcement learning models and play an important role in development and psychopathology. In humans, RPE encoding can be estimated using fMRI recordings, however, a basic measurement property of RPE signals, their test-retest reliability across different time scales, remains an open question. In this paper, we examine the 3-month and 3-year reliability of RPE encoding in youth (mean age at baseline = 10.6 ± 0.3 years), a period of developmental transitions in reward processing. We show that RPE encoding is differentially distributed between the positive values being encoded predominantly in the striatum and negative RPEs primarily encoded in the insula. The encoding of negative RPE values is highly reliable in the right insula, across both the long and the short time intervals. Insula reliability for RPE encoding is the most robust finding, while other regions, such as the striatum, are less consistent. Striatal reliability appeared significant as well once covarying for factors, which were possibly confounding the signal to noise ratio. By contrast, task activation during feedback in the striatum is highly reliable across both time intervals. These results demonstrate the valence-dependent differential encoding of RPE signals between the insula and striatum, and the consistency of RPE signals or lack thereof, during childhood and into adolescence. Characterizing the regions where the RPE signal in BOLD fMRI is a reliable marker is key for estimating reward-processing alterations in longitudinal designs, such as developmental or treatment studies.

Published
2018
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41. Reward Versus Nonreward Sensitivity of the Medial Versus Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex Relates to the Severity of Depressive Symptoms

Author

Xie, Chao, primary, Jia, Tianye, additional, Rolls, Edmund T., additional, Robbins, Trevor W., additional, Sahakian, Barbara J., additional, Zhang, Jie, additional, Liu, Zhaowen, additional, Cheng, Wei, additional, Luo, Qiang, additional, Zac Lo, Chun-Yi, additional, Wang, He, additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Barker, Gareth J., additional, Bokde, Arun L.W., additional, Büchel, Christian, additional, Quinlan, Erin Burke, additional, Desrivières, Sylvane, additional, Flor, Herta, additional, Grigis, Antoine, additional, Garavan, Hugh, additional, Gowland, Penny, additional, Heinz, Andreas, additional, Hohmann, Sarah, additional, Ittermann, Bernd, additional, Martinot, Jean-Luc, additional, Paillère Martinot, Marie-Laure, additional, Nees, Frauke, additional, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, additional, Paus, Tomáš, additional, Poustka, Luise, additional, Fröhner, Juliane H., additional, Smolka, Michael N., additional, Walter, Henrik, additional, Whelan, Robert, additional, Schumann, Gunter, additional, Feng, Jianfeng, additional, Artiges, Eric, additional, Aydin, Semiha, additional, Barbot, Alexis, additional, Barker, Gareth, additional, Becker, Andreas, additional, Bezivin-Frere, Pauline, additional, Biondo, Francesca, additional, Bokde, Arun, additional, Chu, Congying, additional, Conrod, Patricia, additional, Daedelow, Laura, additional, Dalley, Jeffrey, additional, Desrivieres, Sylvane, additional, Dooley, Eoin, additional, Filippi, Irina, additional, Fillmer, Ariane, additional, Fröhner, Juliane, additional, Frouin, Vincent, additional, Grimmer, Yvonne, additional, Ihlenfeld, Albrecht, additional, Ing, Alex, additional, Isensee, Corinna, additional, Lemaitre, Hervé, additional, Lethbridge, Emma, additional, Millenet, Sabina, additional, Miller, Sarah, additional, Miranda, Ruben, additional, Paillere, Marie-Laure, additional, Papadopoulos, Dimitri, additional, Pausova, Zdenka, additional, Pentilla, Jani, additional, Poline, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Burke, Erin, additional, Rapp, Michael, additional, Robbins, Trevor, additional, Robert, Gabriel, additional, Rogers, John, additional, Ruggeri, Barbara, additional, Smolka, Michael, additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, van Noort, Betteke, additional, Simon, Roux, additional, Williams, Steve, additional, and Zhang, Yuning, additional

Published
2021
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42. Great Expectations: A Critical Review of and Suggestions for the Study of Reward Processing as a Cause and Predictor of Depression

Author

Nielson, Dylan M., primary, Keren, Hanna, additional, O’Callaghan, Georgia, additional, Jackson, Sarah M., additional, Douka, Ioanna, additional, Vidal-Ribas, Pablo, additional, Pornpattananangkul, Narun, additional, Camp, Christopher C., additional, Gorham, Lisa S., additional, Wei, Christine, additional, Kirwan, Stuart, additional, Zheng, Charles Y., additional, and Stringaris, Argyris, additional

Published
2021
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43. Neural Correlates of Adolescent Irritability and Its Comorbidity With Psychiatric Disorders

Author

Chaarani, Bader, primary, Kan, Kees-Jan, additional, Mackey, Scott, additional, Spechler, Philip A., additional, Potter, Alexandra, additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Millenet, Sabina, additional, Bokde, Arun L.W., additional, Bromberg, Uli, additional, Büchel, Christian, additional, Cattrell, Anna, additional, Conrod, Patricia J., additional, Desrivières, Sylvane, additional, Flor, Herta, additional, Frouin, Vincent, additional, Gallinat, Jürgen, additional, Gowland, Penny, additional, Heinz, Andreas, additional, Ittermann, Bernd, additional, Martinot, Jean-Luc, additional, Nees, Frauke, additional, Paus, Tomáš, additional, Poustka, Luise, additional, Smolka, Michael N., additional, Walter, Henrik, additional, Whelan, Robert, additional, Stringaris, Argyris, additional, Higgins, Stephen T., additional, Schumann, Gunter, additional, Garavan, Hugh, additional, Althoff, Robert R., additional, Rapp, Dr. Michael, additional, Artiges, Dr. Eric, additional, Schneider, Sophia, additional, Bach, Christine, additional, Paus, Dr. Tomas, additional, Barbot, Alexis, additional, Barker, Dr. Gareth, additional, Bokde, Dr. Arun, additional, Vetter, Dr. Nora, additional, Büchel, Dr. Christian, additional, Cattrell, Dr. Anna, additional, Constant, Patrick, additional, Crombag, Dr. Hans, additional, Czech, Katharina, additional, Dalley, Dr. Jeffrey, additional, Decideur, Benjamin, additional, Spranger, Tade, additional, Ripley, Dr. Tamzin, additional, Heym, Dr. Nadja, additional, Sommer, Dr. Wolfgang, additional, Fuchs, Birgit, additional, Gallinat, Dr. Jürgen, additional, Garavan, Dr. Hugh, additional, Spanagel, Dr. Rainer, additional, Kaviani, Mehri, additional, Heinrichs, Dr. Bert, additional, Heinz, Dr. Andreas, additional, Subramaniam, Naresh, additional, Jia, Dr. Tianye, additional, Ihlenfeld, Albrecht, additional, Ireland, James, additional, Ittermann, Dr. Bernd, additional, Conrod, Dr. Patricia, additional, Banaschewski, Dr. Tobias, additional, Jones, Jennifer, additional, Klaassen, Dr. Arno, additional, Lalanne, Christophe, additional, Lanzerath, Dr. Dirk, additional, Lawrence, Dr. Claire, additional, Lemaitre, Dr. Hervé, additional, Desrivieres, Dr. Sylvane, additional, Mallik, Catherine, additional, Mann, Dr. Karl, additional, Mar, Dr. Adam, additional, Martinez-Medina, Lourdes, additional, Martinot, Dr. Jean-Luc, additional, Mennigen, Eva, additional, Mesquita de Carvahlo, Dr. Fabiana, additional, Schwartz, Yannick, additional, Bruehl, Dr. Ruediger, additional, Müller, Kathrin, additional, Nymberg, Charlotte, additional, Lathrop, Dr. Mark, additional, Robbins, Dr. Trevor, additional, Pausova, Dr. Zdenka, additional, Pentilla, Dr. Jani, additional, Biondo, Dr. Francesca, additional, Poline, Dr. Jean-Baptiste, additional, Poustka, Dr. Luise, additional, Smolka, Dr. Michael, additional, Fröhner, Juliane, additional, Struve, Dr. Maren, additional, Williams, Dr. Steve, additional, Hübner, Dr. Thomas, additional, Aydin, Semiha, additional, Rogers, John, additional, Romanowski, Alexander, additional, Schmäl, Dr. Christine, additional, Schmidt, Dirk, additional, Ripke, Stephan, additional, Arroyo, Dr. Mercedes, additional, Schubert, Dr. Florian, additional, Pena-Oliver, Dr. Yolanda, additional, Fauth-Bühler, Mira, additional, Mignon, Xavier, additional, Whelan, Dr. Robert, additional, Speiser, Dr. Claudia, additional, Fadai, Tahmine, additional, Stephens, Dr. Dai, additional, Ströhle, Dr. Andreas, additional, Paillere, Dr. Marie-Laure, additional, Strache, Nicole, additional, Theobald, David, additional, Jurk, Sarah, additional, Vulser, Dr. Helene, additional, Miranda, Ruben, additional, Yacubilin, Dr. Juliana, additional, Genauck, Alexander, additional, Parchetka, Caroline, additional, Gemmeke, Isabel, additional, Kruschwitz, Johann, additional, Weiss, Katharina, additional, Walter, Dr. Henrik, additional, Feng, Jianfeng, additional, Papadopoulos, Dimitri, additional, Filippi, Irina, additional, Ing, Alex, additional, Ruggeri, Dr. Barbara, additional, Xu, Bing, additional, Macare, Christine, additional, Chu, Dr. Congying, additional, Hanratty, Eanna, additional, Burke Quinlan, Dr. Erin, additional, Robert, Dr. Gabriel, additional, Schumann, Dr. Gunter, additional, Yu, Dr. Tao, additional, Ziesch, Veronika, additional, and Stedman, Alicia, additional

Published
2020
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