1. Associations between anthropometric indicators in early life and low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and lipid profile in adolescence
- Author
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Rute Santos, Sandra Abreu, Jorge Mota, César Agostinis-Sobrinho, Jose Oliveira-Santos, Carla Moreira, Gareth Stratton, and Luis Carlos Oliveira Lopes
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,Male ,Pediatric Obesity ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Birth weight ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Overweight ,Risk Assessment ,Body Mass Index ,Low grade inflammation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Insulin resistance ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Insulin ,Medicine ,Longitudinal Studies ,Early childhood ,Child ,Adiposity ,Retrospective Studies ,Inflammation ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Portugal ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Anthropometry ,medicine.disease ,Lipids ,Early life ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Inflammation Mediators ,Insulin Resistance ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Lipid profile ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Background and aims The long-term relations between excessive adiposity in early childhood and unfavourable cardiometabolic profiles in later ages are not yet completely understood. We aimed to assess the associations between birth weight (BW) and BMI from 6 months to 6 years of age, with biomarkers indicative of low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and lipid profiles in adolescence. Methods and results Retrospective school-based study with 415 Portuguese adolescents (220 girls), mean age of 14.08 ± 1.6 years old. Anthropometric data from birth to 6 years old was extracted from individual child health book records. Actual weight and height were measured and BMI calculated. Participants were classified at each time point as normal weight or overweight according to WHO reference values. Biomarkers were obtained from venous blood samples. Linear regressions were used to explore the associations between the biomarkers and early life anthropometric indicators. From 2 years onwards, BMI associated positively with the inflammatory score and HOMA-IR in adolescence. Children who were overweight/obese from 2 to 6 years of age presented significantly higher inflammatory score and HOMA-IR later in adolescence. TC/HDL ratio was also positively associated with BMI from the age of 5 years onwards. The associations between BMI and cardiometabolic outcomes remained positive in adolescence, with overweight adolescents presenting a higher inflammatory score, HOMA-IR and TC/HDL than normal weight adolescents. Conclusion A high BMI from an early age was consistently associated with worse inflammatory and lipid profiles and insulin resistance in adolescence. No associations were found between BW and the same studied outcomes.
- Published
- 2019