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Department of Virology, Health Protection Agency Microbiology Services, Newcastle, UK Department of Haematology, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK Department of Microbiology, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK Antiviral Unit, Health Protection Agency Microbiology Services, Colindale, UK Department of Clinical Microbiology, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

A 50-year-old Afro-Caribbean male with underlying hypertenion and chronic kidney disease stage 5 was found to be HIV-1 ntibody positive after annual screening for HIV in the renal unit. e had been expecting this result as his new female partner had een found to be HIV-1 infected having been admitted to hospial recently from the accident and emergency department with uberculosis. He had been on haemodialysis for the preceding years and was active on the national cadaveric kidney translant list, from which he was suspended pending control of his IV infection. His baseline HIV-1 RNA load was 92,400 copies/ml 5.0 log10) with a CD4 count of 251 cells/mm3 (19%). No antiretroiral resistance mutations were found on baseline HIV-1 drug esistance testing. The partner also had wild-type virus on baseine testing. He was booked in to the HIV clinic where he was o be started on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) but efaulted his first clinic appointment and was seen 3 months after

months. Out of 4 patients with HBV reactivation, 2 patients were treated with entecavir because they showed persistent increase in HBVDNA load. In the remaining 2 patients, HBVDNA level indicated transient elevations, and then decreased below the lower limit for quantification during close follow-up. None of 4 patients with HBV reactivation presented de novo hepatitis. Conclusions: In the patients with lymphoma or multiple myeloma, incidence of HBV reactivation was 6.8%, when anti-HBc were present prior to chemotherapy. Because patients with anti-HBc might be at high risk of HBV reactivation, they should be monitored closely for HBV-DNA levels during and after rituximab and steroid-containing treatment.