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1. Photoacoustic laser effects in live mouse blastocysts: pilot safety studies of DNA damage from photoacoustic imaging doses

Author

Valerie S. Ratts, Guang Yang, Hongbo Luo, Bei Sun, Joan K. Riley, Duanwen Shen, Quing Zhu, Erin P. Newcomer, John Yeh, and Samuel Achilefu

Subjects
TUNEL assay, Laser safety, business.industry, DNA damage, Lasers, Embryo, Absorption (skin), Laser, Article, law.invention, Photoacoustic Techniques, Mice, Blastocyst, medicine.anatomical_structure, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, law, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, medicine, Animals, business, DNA Damage, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Objectives To investigate the laser safety of photoacoustic imaging. In photoacoustic imaging, a pulsed laser of several nanoseconds is used to illuminate biological tissue, and photoacoustic waves generated by optical absorption are used to form images of the tissue. Photoacoustic imaging is emerging in clinical applications; however, its potential use in reproductive medicine has yet to be reported. Design Assessment of photoacoustic laser safety before its adoption by clinical reproductive medicine. Setting Academic medical center. Animals Blastocyst-stage mouse embryos. Interventions Potential DNA damage of photoacoustic laser exposure on preimplantation mouse blastocyst stage embryos was examined. Different embryos groups were exposed to either 5- or 10-minute 15-Hz laser doses (typical clinical doses) and 1-minute 1-kHz laser dose (significantly higher dose), respectively. Main Outcome Measures A terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to identify the rate of DNA damage in the laser-exposed blastocysts. Results The negative control blastocyst group (no laser exposure) had a mean of 10.7 TUNEL-positive nuclei. The 5- and 10-minute 15-Hz laser−exposed groups had a mean of 11.25 and 12.89 TUNEL-positive nuclei, respectively. The embryos exposed to the 1-kHz laser for 1 minute had an average mean of 12.0 TUNEL-positive nuclei. Conclusion We demonstrated that typical lasers and exposure times used for photoacoustic imaging do not induce increased cell death in mouse blastocysts.

Published
2020

2. Ultrasound-enhanced Unet model for quantitative photoacoustic tomography of ovarian lesions

Author

Yun Zou, Eghbal Amidi, Hongbo Luo, and Quing Zhu

Subjects
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

Quantitative photoacoustic tomography (QPAT) is a valuable tool in characterizing ovarian lesions for accurate diagnosis. However, accurately reconstructing a lesion's optical absorption distributions from photoacoustic signals measured with multiple wavelengths is challenging because it involves an ill-posed inverse problem with three unknowns: the Grüneisen parameter

Published
2022

3. Photoacoustic imaging with low-cost sources; A review

Author

Mohsen Erfanzadeh and Quing Zhu

Subjects
Materials science, lcsh:QC221-246, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine, Review Article, Light emitting diode, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:QC350-467, Low-cost, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, lcsh:QC1-999, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 3. Good health, lcsh:Acoustics. Sound, Ultrasound imaging, Laser diode, Medical imaging, Photoacoustic imaging, 0210 nano-technology, business, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:Optics. Light
Abstract

Benefitting from advantages of optical and ultrasound imaging, photoacoustic imaging (PAI) has demonstrated potentials in a wide range of medical applications. In order to facilitate clinical applications of PAI and encourage its application in low-resource settings, research on low-cost photoacoustic imaging with inexpensive optical sources has gained attention. Here, we review the advances made in photoacoustic imaging with low-cost sources. Keywords: Photoacoustic imaging, Low-cost, Laser diode, Light emitting diode, Medical imaging

Published
2019

4. A review of co-registered transvaginal photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging for ovarian cancer diagnosis

Author

Quing Zhu

Subjects
Biomaterials, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine (miscellaneous), Bioengineering, Article
Abstract

Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of all gynecological malignancies. When ovarian cancer is detected at an early, localized stage, surgery and chemotherapy can cure 70%-90% of patients, compared with 20% or fewer when it is diagnosed at later stages. Clearly, early detection is critical, yet the lack of early symptoms and effective screening tools means that only 20-25% of ovarian cancers are diagnosed early. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging modality that uses a short-pulsed laser to excite tissue. The resulting photoacoustic waves are used to image tissue optical contrast, which is directly related to tissue microvasculature and thus to cancer growth. When co-registered with transvaginal ultrasound (US), PAI offers great promise in diagnosing earlier stage ovarian cancers and distinguishing benign processes from malignant ovarian masses. In this article, we review the limitations of the current imaging tools for early ovarian cancer diagnosis and present recent advances in co-registered PAI/US.

Published
2022

5. Synthesis of a 4-nitroimidazole indocyanine dye-conjugate and imaging of tumor hypoxia in BALB/c tumor-bearing female mice

Author

Innus Mohammad, Michael B. Smith, Quing Zhu, Christopher Dietz, Feifei Zhou, and Akram Abuteen

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Nitroimidazole, Tumor hypoxia, biology, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Chemical Engineering, Analytical chemistry, Hypoxia (medical), biology.organism_classification, Fluorescence, Molecular biology, BALB/c, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Immunohistochemistry technique, medicine.symptom, Conjugate
Abstract

Extending our previous work with 2-nitroimidazole-indocyanine dye-conjugate 4 , we prepared the 4-nitroimidazole-piperazine-indocyanine derivative ( 6 ). We also prepared imidazole derivative 5 as a control. We compared the in vivo hypoxia targeting performance of both 5 and 6 with the previously tested 4 , and 6 showed a higher fluorescent intensity after 15 min post-injection, about 1.5-fold higher than 4 and 2.5-fold higher than 5 . Cells treated with 6 under hypoxic conditions showed a higher fluorescence yield when compared to the cells kept under normoxic conditions. All findings were supported with fluorescence images of histological sections of tumor samples using a Li-COR scanner and an immunohistochemistry technique for tumor hypoxia.

Published
2016

6. Structurally modified indocyanine green dyes. Modification of the polyene linker

Author

Innus Mohammad, Martha D. Morton, Courtney Stanford, Michael B. Smith, and Quing Zhu

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Chemical Engineering, Polyene, Photochemistry, Fluorescence, Absorbance, chemistry.chemical_compound, Dicarboxylic acid, chemistry, Yield (chemistry), Polymer chemistry, Structural rigidity, Linker, Indocyanine green
Abstract

We have prepared a series of indocyanine green dicarboxylic acid derivatives ( 9a,b, 4, 10, 13 ) with modified polyene linkers in an attempt to increase the structural rigidity of the polyene linker and thereby the fluorescent yield. Incorporation of five- and six-membered rings into the polyene system led to lower florescent yield for 9a,b, 4 and 10 , but shortening the chain by two carbon atoms led to an increase in fluorescent yield for 13 .

Published
2013

7. Synthesis and fluorescent characteristics of imidazole–indocyanine green conjugates

Author

Christopher Pavlik, Martha D. Morton, Kevin P. Claffey, Quing Zhu, Nrusingh C. Biswal, Liisa T. Kuhn, Michael B. Smith, and Faith Corbo Gaenzler

Subjects
Absorption (pharmacology), chemistry.chemical_classification, Nitroimidazole, genetic structures, Chemistry, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Chemical Engineering, Carboxylic acid, Analytical chemistry, Fluorescence, eye diseases, body regions, Absorbance, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ethanolamine, Imidazole, Indocyanine green, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

We have successfully synthesized imidazole-dye conjugates by linking imidazole and nitroimidazoleacetic acids to an indocyanine green (ICG) carboxylic acid derivative, using an ethanolamine linker. These dye-conjugates show absorbance peaks at 754–756 nm and fluorescence peaks at 780 nm. The dye-conjugates show a blue shift of 25 nm and 30 nm in the absorption and fluorescence spectra respectively when compared to that of standard cardiogreen. There is no change in absorption and fluorescence spectral profiles between the ICG derivative and imidazole conjugates. The extinction coefficients of new ICG derivative and imidazole conjugates are 1.8 times higher than that of standard ICG. The relative quantum yields of the new compounds are 4.5–5.5 times higher than that of the Sigma–Aldrich’s ICG. The dyes are tested for hypoxia in-vitro with 4T1 luc cell lines and it is found that the cells treated with 2-nitroimidazole ICG show a contrast of fluorescence signal of 2.5–3.0 for the cells under hypoxic to that of cells under normoxic. However pure ICG shows no significant difference between hypoxic and normoxic cells.

Published
2011

8. Potential Role of Coregistered Photoacoustic and Ultrasound Imaging in Ovarian Cancer Detection and Characterization

Author

Mary M. Sanders, Yasaman Ardeshirpour, Molly Brewer, Quing Zhu, and Andres Aguirre

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cancer Research, business.industry, Ultrasound, Cancer, Ovary, medicine.disease, 01 natural sciences, 3. Good health, 010309 optics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Distribution (pharmacology), Stage (cooking), business, Ovarian cancer, Survival rate, Ex vivo, Research Article
Abstract

Currently, there is no adequate technology to detect early stage ovarian cancers. Most of the cancers in the ovary are detected when the cancer has already metastasized to other parts of the body. As a result, ovarian cancer has the highest mortality of all gynecologic cancers with a 5-year survival rate of 30% or less. Thus, there is an urgent need to improve the current diagnostic techniques. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging modality with a great potential to assist ultrasound for detecting ovarian cancer noninvasively. In this article, we report the first study of coregistered ultrasound and PAI of 33 ex vivo human ovaries. An assessment of the photoacoustic images has revealed light absorption distribution in the ovary, which is directly related to the vasculature distribution and amount. Quantification of the light absorption levels in the ovary has indicated that, in the postmenopausal group, malignant ovaries showed significantly higher light absorption than normal ones (P = .0237). For these two groups, we have obtained a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 83%. This result suggests that PAI is a promising modality for improving ultrasound diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Published
2011
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9. Noninvasive Monitoring of Breast Cancer during Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Using Optical Tomography with Ultrasound Localization

Author

Scott H. Kurtzman, Quing Zhu, Mark Kane, Susan Tannenbaum, Poornima Hegde, and Chen Xu

Subjects
Cancer Research, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Breast surgery, Blood volume, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:RC254-282, 010309 optics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Carcinoma, Neoadjuvant therapy, Chemotherapy, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Ultrasound, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, 3. Good health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, business, Nuclear medicine
Abstract

The purposes of this study were 1) to investigate the feasibility of using optical tomography in the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum combined with ultrasound (US) localization (NIR/US) in monitoring tumor vascular changes and assessing tumor pathological response during chemotherapy and 2) to compare the accuracy of NIR/US with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting residual cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Eleven female patients were studied during treatments with a combined imager consisting of a commercially available US system coupled to an NIR imager. Contrast-enhanced MRI was performed before treatment and surgery. Tumor vascular content was assessed based on total hemoglobin concentration and volume obtained from NIR data. A percentage blood volume index (%BVI) was calculated as the percentage ratio of the product of total hemoglobin concentration and volume normalized to pretreatment values. At treatment completion, pathologic assessment revealed three response groups: complete or near-complete responders (A), partial responders (B), and nonresponders (C). The mean %BVIs of groups A, B, and C at the treatment completion were 29.1 ± 6.9%, 46.3 ± 3.7%, and 86.8 ± 30.1%, respectively (differences statistically significant, P < .04). At the end of cycle 2, the %BVI of group A was noticeably lower than that of the partial (P = .091) and nonresponder groups (P = .075). Both NIR/US and MRI were equally effective in distinguishing different response groups in this pilot study. Our initial findings indicate that NIR/US using %BVI can be used during chemotherapy to repeatedly monitor tumor vascular changes. NIR/US also may evaluate pathologic response during treatment allowing for tailoring therapies to response.

Published
2008
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10. Optical Tomography with Ultrasound Localization for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring

Author

Scott H. Kurtzman, Quing Zhu, and Susan Tannenbaum

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Optical measurements, Breast Neoplasms, Article, Breast cancer, Optical imaging, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Humans, Tomography, Optical, Optical tomography, Clinical Trials as Topic, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Ultrasound, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Transducer, Oncology, Female, Surgery, Ultrasonography, Mammary, sense organs, Radiology, business, Chemotherapy response, Treatment monitoring, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Optical tomography with ultrasound (US) localization uses coregistered ultrasound images to guide optical imaging reconstruction. To simultaneously acquire US images and optical measurements, the authors used a hand-held probe consisting of a commercial US transducer and near-infrared optical imaging sensors of multiple wavelengths. A novel image scheme was used to map the ultrasound-visible lesions for optical imaging reconstruction. As a result, the problem of intense light scattering caused by breast tissue was overcome and reliable tumor hemoglobin concentration and blood oxygen saturation distributions from a group of patients were obtained. These functional parameters are valuable for aiding US diagnosis and for assessing chemotherapy response.

Published
2007

11. Utilizing Optical Tomography with Ultrasound Localization to Image Heterogeneous Hemoglobin Distribution in Large Breast Cancers

Author

Bipin Jagjivan, Scott H. Kurtzman, Kristen Zarfos, Quing Zhu, Minming Huang, Nanguang Chen, Mark Kane, Susan Tannenbaum, and Poornima Hegde

Subjects
Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Angiogenesis, optical tomography, lcsh:RC254-282, 01 natural sciences, Tumor angiogenesis, 010309 optics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Optical tomography, tumor hypoxia, medicine.diagnostic_test, Tumor hypoxia, ultrasound, business.industry, Ultrasound, breast disease, Cancer, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Positron emission tomography, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Adenocarcinoma, Breast disease, Radiology, business
Abstract

PURPOSE: Angiogenesis in advanced breast cancers is highly distorted and heterogeneous. Noninvasive imaging that can monitor angiogenesis may be invaluable initially for diagnosis and then for assessing tumor response to treatment. By combining ultrasound (US) and near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging, a reliable new technique has emerged for localizing and characterizing tumor angiogenesis within the breast. METHODS: This new technique employs a commercial US transducer coupled with an array of NIR optical fibers mounted on a hand-held probe. The US image is used for lesion localization and for guiding optical imaging reconstruction. Optical sensors are used for imaging tumor total hemoglobin distribution, which is directly related to tumor angiogenesis. RESULTS: Six large breast carcinomas were studied and microvessel density count was then performed on tissue samples obtained from these cancers. Two patients had locally advanced breast cancers and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for 3 months. In one patient, before chemotherapy, the total hemoglobin distribution showed a high concentration at the cancer periphery; the distribution was later confined to the core area after 3 months of treatment. In another patient, as treatment progressed, the maximum hemoglobin concentration decreased from 255.3, to 147.5, to 76.9 wmol/I with an associated reduction in spatial extension. The other four patients had cancers of 2.0 to 3.0 cm in size and were imaged either at the time of core biopsy or definitive surgery. The histologic microvessel density counts from these tumor samples correlate to hemoglobin distributions with a correlation coefficient of 0.64 ( P CONCLUSION: These initial results suggest that this new imaging technique may have great potential in imaging the heterogeneous vascular distribution of larger breast cancers in vivo and in monitoring treatment-related changes in angiogenesis during chemotherapy.

Published
2005
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12. Ultrasound-Guided Optical Tomographic Imaging of Malignant and Benign Breast Lesions: Initial Clinical Results of 19 Cases

Author

Poornima Hedge, Bipin Jagjivan, Minming Huang, Scott H. Kurtzman, Quing Zhu, Nanguang Chen, Mark Kane, and Kristen Zarfos

Subjects
Adult, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Fibrocystic Breast Disease, Lobular carcinoma, Breast Neoplasms, optical tomography, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:RC254-282, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 010309 optics, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast Diseases, ultrasound imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Carcinoma, Mammography, Humans, Breast, Optical tomography, Neoplasm Metastasis, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Ultrasound, tumor angiogenesis, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, image reconstruction, Fibroadenoma, 3. Good health, Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating, breast cancer detection and diagnosis, Female, Radiology, Ultrasonography, Mammary, business, Lobular Neoplasia, Research Article
Abstract

The diagnosis of solid benign and malignant tumors presents a unique challenge to all noninvasive imaging modalities. Ultrasound is used in conjunction with mammography to differentiate simple cysts from solid lesions. However, the overlapping appearances of benign and malignant lesions make ultrasound less useful in differentiating solid lesions, resulting in a large number of benign biopsies. Optical tomography using near-infrared diffused light has great potential for imaging functional parameters of 1) tumor hemoglobin concentration, 2) oxygen saturation, and 3) metabolism, as well as other tumor distinguishing characteristics. These parameters can differentiate benign from malignant lesions. However, optical tomography, when used alone, suffers from low spatial resolution and target localization uncertainty due to intensive light scattering. Our aim is to combine diffused light imaging with ultrasound in a novel way for the detection and diagnosis of solid lesions. Initial findings of two early-stage invasive carcinomas, one combined fibroadenoma and fibrocystic change with scattered foci of lobular neoplasia/lobular carcinoma in situ, and 16 benign lesions are reported in this paper. The invasive cancer cases reveal about two-fold greater total hemoglobin concentration (mean 119 micromol) than benign cases (mean 67 micromol), and suggest that the discrimination of benign and malignant breast lesions might be enhanced by this type of achievable optical quantification with ultrasound localization. Furthermore, the small invasive cancers are well localized and have wavelength-dependent appearance in optical absorption maps, whereas the benign lesions appear diffused and relatively wavelength-independent.

Published
2003
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13. production in p collisions at = 1.8

Author

T. Fahland, J. Wilcox, D. Casey, H. Tong, Rajendran Raja, S. Margulies, Brad Abbott, J. Jaques, K. S. Hahn, D. Cutts, A. Zieminski, P.F. Ermolov, J. M. Hauptman, Greg Landsberg, S. Y. Jun, A. N. Galyaev, F. Wen, E. W. Anderson, M. Sosebee, M. Nicola, Ron Lipton, J. Womersley, B. Baldin, Y. Ducros, S. C. Loken, V. S. Burtovoi, M. Bhattacharjee, T. L. Geld, Natalie A. Roe, C. T. Murphy, M. Paterno, C. Shaffer, D. Cullen-Vidal, K. Genser, A. Goldschmidt, S. Lami, Allen Mincer, T. G. Trippe, Nikolai Mokhov, B. May, W. E. Cooper, L. P. Chen, A. Baden, S. Fuess, Daniel R Claes, Jianming Qian, J. Alitti, J. Bantly, R. Hirosky, G. C. Blazey, W. Y. Chen, S. Krzywdzinski, T. McKibben, M. V. S. Rao, N. N. Biswas, B. Gibbard, R. L. McCarthy, S. Feher, Andrew White, S. Glenn, J. McKinley, D. A. Stoianova, R. Yamada, I. Bertram, Sharon Hagopian, George R. Kalbfleisch, J. Bendich, Paolo Franzini, J. Featherly, V. S. Narasimham, V. Glebov, Alexander Vorobiev, G. Finocchiaro, S. H. Ahn, Wagner Carvalho, A. Bischoff, J. Sculli, J. F. Glicenstein, A. V. Kostritskiy, R. J. Madaras, T. McMahon, Y. E. Gutnikov, T. L. Taylor, A. K.A. Maciel, F. Lobkowicz, S. Chopra, John Rutherfoord, Brajesh C Choudhary, J. Kourlas, E. Oltman, Sissel Hansen, A. A. Mayorov, P. A. Rapidis, Heriberto Castilla-Valdez, Marvin Johnson, M. K. Fatyga, A. V. Kozelov, F. Nang, V. I. Kochetkov, Andrew Brandt, R. Engelmann, Mary Beth Adams, N. Amos, John Hobbs, J. Borders, Bobby Samir Acharya, H.E. Miettinen, P. Bloom, J. A. Wightman, S. Durston-Johnson, M. H.G. Souza, H. A. Neal, Young-Sang Yu, H. C. Shankar, B. Gobbi, J. T. Linnemann, A. Jonckheere, C. Klopfenstein, T. Rockwell, J. Drinkard, Raymond Brock, Boaz Klima, N. I. Bojko, Peter Nemethy, Dongliang Zhang, D. Vititoe, H. E. Montgomery, James C. Green, M. Tartaglia, Stephan Linn, N. Denisenko, A. Zylberstejn, J. Z.Y. Jiang, G. Eppley, M. Goforth, Y. Pischalnikov, Ulrich Heintz, W. X. Gu, D. Norman, Kaushik De, M. Mohammadi-Baarmand, S. Reucroft, R. L. Dixon, Michael Rijssenbeek, Jasvinder A. Singh, F. Borcherding, Gordon Watts, H. Jöstlein, J. Yu, S. Willis, M. Pang, R. J. Genik, C. Cretsinger, H. da Motta, J. G.R. Lima, S. H. Aronson, V. Sirotenko, N. Oshima, M. Strovink, D. P. Stoker, E. G. Zverev, H. Greenlee, T. Joffe-Minor, L. T. Goss, R. Snihur, N. Varelas, H. Johnstad, P. Padley, Alexey Volkov, Daria Zieminska, E. James, M. Diesburg, R. D. Schamberger, D. Buchholz, D. Nešić, H. Tao, James H Cochran, C. Yanagisawa, A. S. Ito, A. Klatchko, O. V. Eroshin, C. L. Kim, Hiroaki Aihara, Mitchell Wayne, H. Schellman, J. M. Kohli, S. M. Chang, A. Smith, Stephen Wimpenny, Haifeng Li, J. F. Lebrat, C. Boswell, H. E. Fisk, P. Tamburello, Heng Xu, J. S. Hoftun, J. N. Butler, P. D. Grannis, P. M. Tuts, D. Owen, T. Marshall, H. Ting, A. Bross, Phillip Gutierrez, E. A. Kozlovski, H. Piekarz, R. W. Stephens, Darien Wood, Sarah Catherine Eno, C. Murphy, Meenakshi Narain, Gilvan Alves, A. Peryshkin, R. Astur, Pushpalatha C Bhat, M. Mudan, Gregory R Snow, J. Tarazi, V. N. Evdokimov, V. D. Elvira, T. Heuring, S. Abachi, H. Haggerty, J. Thompson, B. Gómez, Z. H. Zhu, D.S. Koltick, Nicholas John Hadley, Shashikant Dugad, S. A. Jerger, R. Hernández-Montoya, C. Yoshikawa, T. Yasuda, S. Lökös, Serban Protopopescu, S. Blessing, A. Leflat, K. Denisenko, Scott Snyder, S. Youssef, R. Markeloff, A. Narayanan, M. Chung, Vyacheslav Klyukhin, Dhiman Chakraborty, Robert Kehoe, M. A.C. Cummings, B. Hoeneisen, J. Yang, R. Demina, Suman Bala Beri, A. L. Lyon, Shuichi Kunori, Ying Li, J. Balderston, Lee Sawyer, N. Parua, B. I. Klochkov, G. E. Forden, A. P. Heinson, H. S. Mao, R. E. Hall, J. L. González Solís, V. M. Podstavkov, M. Fortner, J. Perkins, J. M. Guida, M. D. Marx, H. D. Wahl, Matthew Jones, S. Igarashi, Q. Z. Li-Demarteau, D. Lincoln, Eunil Won, A. L. Read, D. Edmunds, E. Neis, Andre Sznajder, G. Wang, Alberto Santoro, Seong Keun Kim, A. Taketani, Y. M. Park, S.A. Kahn, M. Demarteau, R. E. Avery, M. D. Peters, W. G. Cobau, M. I. Martin, J. S. Kang, L. Oesch, P. Yamin, J. Solomon, S. Mani, T. Huehn, H. Johari, D. Hedin, V. Balamurali, B. G. Pope, D. Fein, Erich Varnes, R. Madden, J. M. De Miranda, L. Rasmussen, Randy Ruchti, Elizaveta Shabalina, Peter W. Draper, N. Grossman, V. A. Bezzubov, J. P. Negret, J. T. White, Jing Li, R. P. Smith, C. S. Mishra, Michael Shupe, Y. Y. Shao, G. Guglielmo, M.K. Fatyga, Harrison Prosper, L. Markosky, Joan A. Guida, G. Di Loreto, D. Denisov, G. Álvarez, Srinivasan Rajagopalan, Thomas Ferbel, Dan Green, J. Kotcher, O. I. Dahl, N. Graf, H. L. Melanson, P. Z. Quintas, D. Stewart, S. N. Gurzhiev, Y. Fisyak, J. H. Christenson, K. Streets, Vipin Bhatnagar, R. Partridge, E. Flattum, Quing Zhu, I. Adam, P. Rubinov, K. W. Merritt, G. Griffin, J. F. Bartlett, C. H. Park, Yanwen Liu, D. L. Adams, L. Lueking, S. Fahey, K. Bazizi, M. L. Kelly, Howard Gordon, K. C. Frame, O. Ramirez, L. T. Kerth, S. P. Denisov, P. Grudberg, V. Oguri, M. L. Stevenson, M. R. Krishnaswamy, F. Hsieh, A. R. Clark, S. Grünendahl, J. Warchol, A. Para, Sergey Chekulaev, C. K. Jung, E. Amidi, J. V.D. Wirjawan, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, M. Abolins, P. Mooney, Elizabeth Gallas, N. K. Mondal, H. T. Diehl, R. Hatcher, A. Boehnlein, P. M. Sood, J. Ellison, A. L. Spadafora, P. I. Goncharov, W. Guryn, R. K. Shivpuri, D. Pušeljić, W. Smart, K. A. Johns, Vasken Hagopian, H. Weerts, C. E. Gerber, and P. R.G. Virador

Subjects
Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Meson, Tevatron, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Nuclear physics, Transverse momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), B meson, Impact parameter, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We have studied J ψ production in p p collisions at s = 1.8 TeV with the DO detector at Fermilab using μ+μ− data. We have measured the inclusive J ψ production cross section as a function of J ψ transverse momentum, pT. For the kinematic range pT > 8 GeV/c and |η| σ(p p → J ψ + X) · Br ( J ψ → μ + μ − ) = 2.08 ± 0.17( stat) ± 0.46(syst) nb. Using the muon impact parameter we have estimated the fraction of J ψ mesons coming from B meson decays to be fb = 0.35 ± 0.09(stat)±0.10(syst) and inferred the inclusive b production cross section. From the information on the event topology the fraction of nonisolated J ψ events has been measured to be fnonisol = 0.64 ± 0.08(stat)±0.06(syst). We have also obtained the fraction of J ψ events resulting from radiative decays of χc states, fχ = 0.32 ± 0.07(stat)±0.07(syst). We discuss the implications of our measurements for charmonium production processes.

Published
1996

14. Transverse energy distributions within jets in p collisions at =1.8

Author

J. G.R. Lima, A. S. Ito, G. Álvarez, N. A. Roe, J. Kotcher, C. T. Murphy, W. Y. Chen, G. Finocchiaro, George R. Kalbfleisch, Paolo Franzini, V. S. Narasimham, J. Featherly, V. Glebov, Marvin Johnson, S. Chopra, M. Chung, W. A. Wenzel, Thomas G Trippe, W. X. Gu, N. Parua, A. V. Kozelov, A. A. Mayorov, Matthew Jones, M. K. Fatyga, F. Wen, S. Durston-Johnson, R. Hatcher, R. K. Shivpuri, Sharon Hagopian, A. K.A. Maciel, A. Para, J. A. Guida, D. Casey, J. Drinkard, Allen Mincer, Kaushik De, M. Mohammadi-Baarmand, S. H. Aronson, C. K. Jung, N. Denisenko, I. V. Mandrichenko, S. A. Jerger, S. Reucroft, C. Yoshikawa, C. Cretsinger, M. Strovink, E. James, S. Igarashi, P. R. G. Virador, K. S. Hahn, D. Nešić, R. Hernández-Montoya, D. Cutts, B. May, S. Krzywdzinski, A. Milder, C. Murphy, D. Edmunds, V. I. Kochetkov, Gilvan Alves, E. W. Anderson, N. Amos, J. Jaques, E. Neis, R. Snihur, N. Varelas, Q. Z. Li-Demarteau, Haifeng Li, P. Padley, A. Leflat, Ron Lipton, Alexey Volkov, K. Streets, Vipin Bhatnagar, B. Gobbi, A. Zylberstejn, M. Bhattacharjee, J. M. Hauptman, R. Partridge, E. Flattum, Rajendran Raja, W. G. Cobau, M. I. Martin, Greg Landsberg, G. Griffin, J. Womersley, James H Cochran, Cecilia Elena Gerber, Mitchell Wayne, H. Schellman, J. M. Kohli, S. M. Chang, Randy Ruchti, H. Greenlee, S. Youssef, J. Borders, J. Thompson, Jasvinder A. Singh, J. Yu, M. D. Marx, H. D. Wahl, R. L. McCarthy, K. Denisenko, J. S. Kang, R. Hirosky, S. Feher, A. Bross, S. C. Loken, Meenakshi Narain, B. Gómez, Z. H. Zhu, A. Peryshkin, Shashikant Dugad, C. H. Park, C. S. Mishra, H. S. Mao, G. Guglielmo, A.L. Read, D. L. Adams, W. E. Cooper, H. Johnstad, T. Yasuda, C. L. Kim, T. L. Geld, Hiroaki Aihara, C. Klopfenstein, P. M. Tuts, M. D. Peters, A. L. Lyon, Shuichi Kunori, Daniel R Claes, J. Z.Y. Jiang, Serban Protopopescu, Brajesh C Choudhary, R. Demina, Robert Kehoe, A. Bischoff, Ph. Mangeot, A. V. Kostritskiy, Bobby Samir Acharya, M. L. Stevenson, M. Paterno, Brad Abbott, H. A. Neal, H. C. Shankar, R. W. Stephens, J. T. Linnemann, R. Astur, Jianming Qian, Y. Pischalnikov, Ulrich Heintz, J. Balderston, J. M. Guida, T. Huehn, Peter Nemethy, Sissel Hansen, Dhiman Chakraborty, H. Jöstlein, D. Buchholz, M. Goforth, F. Nang, D. Fein, D. Pušeljié, Vasken Hagopian, H. Weerts, A. Baden, A. Narayanan, G. C. Blazey, M. Diesburg, T. Heuring, L. Oesch, L. T. Goss, Welathantri Gd Dharmaratna, H. L. Melanson, P. Z. Quintas, K. Bazizi, M. Sosebee, Erich Varnes, A. Klatchko, T. L. Taylor, R. Yamada, J. M. De Miranda, D. Owen, N. Mokhov, N. Graf, H. Johari, V. Balamurali, D. Lincoln, J. H. Christenson, S. H. Ahn, P. Tamburello, J. Tarazi, T. McKibben, M. V. S. Rao, Heng Xu, Eunil Won, Allan G Clark, J. Alitti, Andrew White, A. Goldschmidt, Orin I. Dahl, John Rutherfoord, Heriberto Castilla-Valdez, N. Grossman, J. Bantly, P. Grudberg, P. I. Goncharov, Alexander Vorobiev, R. E. Lanou, S. Fuess, T. McMahon, Mary Beth Adams, Y. E. Gutnikov, Raymond Brock, Tong Hu, Boaz Klima, J. Kourlas, Jing Li, M.K. Fatyga, B. Baldin, E. A. Kozlovski, D. Norman, C. S. Gao, John Hobbs, P. Yamin, Andrew Brandt, R. Engelmann, Y. H. Zhou, S. Willis, M. Pang, Y. Ducros, T. Joffe-Minor, Liu Chen, G. E. Forden, C. Yanagisawa, A. P. Heinson, A. Kernan, Young-Sang Yu, V. Sirotenko, H.E. Miettinen, O. V. Eroshin, S. Mani, M. Abolins, H. Haggerty, S. Lökös, B. G. Pope, H. E. Fisk, Y. K. Li, James C. Green, S. Glenn, J. McKinley, Phillip Gutierrez, Gregory R Snow, R. E. Hall, R. Madden, L. Rasmussen, F. Borcherding, D. A. Stoianova, P. Mooney, Peter W. Draper, J. Solomon, J. Yang, Y. S. Zhu, Elizaveta Shabalina, Pushpalatha C Bhat, M. Mudan, J. Teiger, M. A.C. Cummings, V. M. Podstavkov, N. K. Mondal, H. T. Diehl, B. Hoeneisen, Lee Sawyer, J. T. White, T. Fahland, M. Fortner, E. Oltman, B. I. Klochkov, A. Taketani, A. Boehnlein, P. M. Sood, Y. M. Park, S.A. Kahn, J. Perkins, J. Ellison, Victor Daniel Elvira, P. Bloom, J. A. Wightman, M. Demarteau, R. E. Avery, J. Bendich, J. Wilcox, N. I. Bojko, M. Tartaglia, M. H.G. Souza, P. A. Rapidis, G. Wang, Alberto Santoro, Seong Keun Kim, C. Shaffer, D. Cullen-Vidal, A. Jonckheere, Stephan Linn, S. Gao, N. Oshima, K. Genser, Daria Zieminska, N. N. Biswas, R. D. Schamberger, A. N. Galjaev, A. Smith, J. F. Lebrat, Sarah Catherine Eno, H. E. Montgomery, Ting Hu, D. Vititoe, A. Zieminski, Vyacheslav Klyukhin, J. S. Hoftun, J. N. Butler, P. D. Grannis, D. P. Stoker, H. Piekarz, R. J. Genik, S. Margulies, S. Lami, A. Pluquet, P.F. Ermolov, L. T. Kerth, Yanxi Zhang, V. S. Burtovoi, S. Y. Jun, C. Boswell, S. Abachi, Suman Bala Beri, I. Bertram, Bruno Mansoulie, F. Lobkowicz, L. Z. Wang, T. Rockwell, R. L. Dixon, Michael Rijssenbeek, V. N. Evdokimov, J. Warchol, D.S. Koltick, V. A. Bezzubov, J. P. Negret, R. P. Smith, Michael Shupe, S. Rusin, J. Wang, Harrison Prosper, L. Markosky, G. Di Loreto, D. Denisov, Srinivasan Rajagopalan, Thomas Ferbel, Dan Green, R. J. Madaras, S. Fahey, D. Hedin, Yu Fisyak, D. Stewart, S. N. Gurzhiev, B. Gibbard, J. Sculli, Laurent Chevalier, Stephen Wimpenny, T. Marshall, Quing Zhu, Darien Wood, Nicholas John Hadley, S. Blessing, Scott Snyder, R. Markeloff, E. Amidi, J. V.D. Wirjawan, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, Elizabeth Gallas, W. Smart, K. A. Johns, S. P. Denisov, V. Oguri, M. R. Krishnaswamy, F. Hsieh, S. Grünendahl, Sergey Chekulaev, I. Adam, P. Rubinov, K. W. Merritt, A. L. Spadafora, J. F. Bartlett, Yanwen Liu, L. Lueking, Wlodek Guryn, M. L. Kelly, Howard Gordon, K. C. Frame, O. Ramirez, and G. Eppley

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Jet (fluid), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Parton, Renormalization, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Fermilab, Nuclear Experiment, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The distribution of the transverse energy in jets has been measured in p p collisions at s =1.8 TeV TeV using the DO detector at Fermilab. This measurement of the jet shape is made as a function of jet transverse energy in both the central and forward rapidity regions. Jets are shown to narrow both with increasing transverse energy and with increasing rapidity. Next-to-leading order partonic QCD calculations are compared to the data. Although the calculations qualitatively describe the data, they are shown to be very dependent on renormalization scale, parton clustering algorithm, and jet direction definition and they fail to describe the data in all regions consistently.

Published
1995

15. Search for heavy W bosons in 1.8 TeV p collisions

Author

P. A. Rapidis, S. Margulies, T. Joffe-Minor, S. Lami, A. Kernan, A. Jonckheere, C. Yanagisawa, A. L. Read, A. Pluquet, Stephan Linn, P.F. Ermolov, Yanxi Zhang, H. E. Fisk, J. Yang, N. Oshima, B. May, G. Eppley, P. Padley, V. S. Burtovoi, J. Solomon, Daria Zieminska, D. Edmunds, E. Neis, Alexey Volkov, R. D. Schamberger, A. N. Galjaev, A. Smith, J. F. Lebrat, Y. H. Zhou, V. M. Podstavkov, G. E. Forden, James H Cochran, A. P. Heinson, M. Mohammadi-Baarmand, J. G.R. Lima, B. Gobbi, Mitchell Wayne, H. Schellman, J. M. Kohli, M. Fortner, R. E. Hall, M. D. Peters, Bobby Samir Acharya, H. A. Neal, H. C. Shankar, S. A. Jerger, J. Perkins, S. Fuess, D. Nešić, J. T. Linnemann, J. Thompson, C. Cretsinger, M. Strovink, L. Oesch, M. Goforth, B. Gómez, A. Leflat, Jasvinder A. Singh, Pushpalatha C Bhat, M. Mudan, A. S. Ito, N. Mokhov, E. James, W. G. Cobau, M. I. Martin, H. Johnstad, T. Huehn, Z. H. Zhu, D. Fein, Erich Varnes, B. I. Klochkov, J. M. De Miranda, Shashikant Dugad, N. Grossman, Haifeng Li, Jing Li, A. Klatchko, C. Shaffer, D. Cullen-Vidal, K. Genser, N. N. Biswas, F. Borcherding, J. S. Kang, S. Krzywdzinski, T. Yasuda, V. I. Kochetkov, W. E. Cooper, Daniel R Claes, A. Zylberstejn, H. Greenlee, V. Sirotenko, M. A.C. Cummings, B. Hoeneisen, Lee Sawyer, R. Demina, Gilvan Alves, O. V. Eroshin, A. Bross, Ph. Mangeot, Pm Tuts, Serban Protopopescu, E. Oltman, K. Streets, Vipin Bhatnagar, B. Baldin, Meenakshi Narain, A. Peryshkin, A. Taketani, Phillip Gutierrez, C. Boswell, M. H.G. Souza, J. Bendich, C. T. Murphy, J. Jaques, S. Abachi, Ron Lipton, M. Bhattacharjee, Y. M. Park, P. Yepes, R. Partridge, E. Flattum, H. E. Montgomery, R. Astur, J. Womersley, A. Bischoff, A. V. Kostritskiy, G. Griffin, W. A. Wenzel, Y. Ducros, S.A. Kahn, Sarah Catherine Eno, M. Demarteau, R. E. Avery, Y. S. Zhu, C. S. Mishra, Sissel Hansen, T. Heuring, A. Goldschmidt, A. Narayanan, N. Graf, Suman Bala Beri, F. Nang, R. Hirosky, J. Yu, S. Feher, C. H. Park, H. Johari, V. Balamurali, D. Pušeljić, H. S. Mao, Vyacheslav Klyukhin, G. Guglielmo, D. P. Stoker, R. K. Shivpuri, S. Durston-Johnson, M. Sosebee, G. Wang, Alberto Santoro, Brajesh C Choudhary, D. L. Adams, Ying Li, A. Baden, D. Buchholz, K. Bazizi, V. A. Bezzubov, Seong Keun Kim, G. C. Blazey, Vasken Hagopian, H. Weerts, Sharon Hagopian, C. L. Kim, T. McKibben, M. V. S. Rao, N. Denisenko, S. Reucroft, N. Amos, G. Finocchiaro, Victor Daniel Elvira, J. P. Negret, N. A. Roe, S. Chopra, Raymond Brock, Boaz Klima, S. Glenn, J. McKinley, T. L. Taylor, J. Alitti, M. Chung, C. Yoshikawa, Hiroaki Aihara, P. Tamburello, R. P. Smith, R. Yamada, J. Bantly, J. Featherly, Heng Xu, A. K.A. Maciel, J. M. Hauptman, J. Borders, Cecilia Elena Gerber, D. A. Stoianova, P. Yamin, Michael Shupe, V. Glebov, Alexander Vorobiev, Marvin Johnson, S. Youssef, D. Norman, F. Wen, S. H. Ahn, R. Hatcher, Heriberto Castilla-Valdez, G. Álvarez, A. V. Kozelov, J. Z.Y. Jiang, J. Kotcher, Jianming Qian, Orin I. Dahl, John Rutherfoord, S. Mani, D. Vititoe, R. J. Genik, Gregory R Snow, L. T. Goss, R. W. Stephens, S. Willis, M. Pang, Robert Kehoe, Andrew White, R. Madden, N. Parua, Andrew Brandt, R. Engelmann, Liu Chen, Mary Beth Adams, J. Wang, Harrison Prosper, J. Drinkard, T. Fahland, E. W. Anderson, R. Snihur, J. Balderston, N. Varelas, L. Rasmussen, Peter W. Draper, P. Grudberg, T. McMahon, Y. E. Gutnikov, K. Denisenko, H.E. Miettinen, Allen Mincer, Y. Pischalnikov, Ulrich Heintz, J. Kourlas, Christina Gao, H. Jöstlein, J. Wilcox, A. L. Lyon, I. Bertram, W. Y. Chen, Bruno Mansoulie, Matthew Jones, E. A. Kozlovski, Tong Hu, S. M. Chang, James C. Green, D. Lincoln, Eunil Won, F. Lobkowicz, B. G. Pope, Kaushik De, Shuichi Kunori, John Hobbs, M. Diesburg, J. A. Guida, D. Casey, H. Haggerty, S. Lökös, D. Owen, J. Tarazi, H. L. Melanson, P. Z. Quintas, L. Z. Wang, George R. Kalbfleisch, T. Rockwell, R. L. Dixon, J. H. Christenson, Michael Rijssenbeek, P. Bloom, J. A. Wightman, K. S. Hahn, Paolo Franzini, V. S. Narasimham, Thomas G Trippe, W. X. Gu, Young-Sang Yu, Elizaveta Shabalina, D. Cutts, J. Teiger, S. Igarashi, P. R. G. Virador, Q. Z. Li-Demarteau, N. I. Bojko, Rajendran Raja, S. C. Loken, C. Klopfenstein, V. N. Evdokimov, M. L. Stevenson, D.S. Koltick, A. A. Mayorov, Greg Landsberg, S. Gao, Brad Abbott, S. H. Aronson, J. T. White, M. K. Fatyga, Welathantri Gd Dharmaratna, J. M. Guida, T. L. Geld, Dhiman Chakraborty, M. Paterno, Ting Hu, Randy Ruchti, J. S. Hoftun, J. N. Butler, P. D. Grannis, R. L. McCarthy, H. Piekarz, Peter Nemethy, Laurent Chevalier, Stephen Wimpenny, A. Zieminski, R. J. Madaras, D. Hedin, L. T. Kerth, T. Marshall, S. Y. Jun, Darien Wood, Nicholas John Hadley, S. Blessing, Scott Snyder, R. Markeloff, B. Gibbard, J. Sculli, M. L. Kelly, Howard Gordon, K. C. Frame, O. Ramirez, S. P. Denisov, M. R. Krishnaswamy, F. Hsieh, S. Grünendahl, A. Para, M. D. Marx, H. D. Wahl, Sergey Chekulaev, I. V. Mandrichenko, R. Hernández-Montoya, A. Milder, C. Murphy, I. Adam, P. Rubinov, Allan G Clark, K. W. Merritt, R. E. Lanou, M.K. Fatyga, C. K. Jung, A. L. Spadafora, J. F. Bartlett, Yanwen Liu, L. Lueking, M. Abolins, P. Mooney, N. K. Mondal, H. T. Diehl, A. Boehnlein, P. M. Sood, J. Ellison, P. I. Goncharov, W. Guryn, S. Rusin, L. Markosky, E. Amidi, J. V.D. Wirjawan, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, G. Di Loreto, D. Denisov, Srinivasan Rajagopalan, V. Oguri, Thomas Ferbel, Dan Green, Yu Fisyak, D. Stewart, S. N. Gurzhiev, J. Warchol, Quing Zhu, Elizabeth Gallas, S. Fahey, W. Smart, K. A. Johns, and M. Tartaglia

Subjects
Physics, Quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Gauge boson, Branching fraction, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Tevatron, Standard Model, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Lepton, Boson
Abstract

A search for a heavy charged gauge boson, W′, using the decay channels W′ → eν and W′ → τν → eνν ν is reported. The data used in the analysis were collected by the DO experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron during the 1992-93 p p collider run from an integrated luminosity of 13.9 ± 0.8 pb−1 at s =1.8 TeV . Assuming that the neutrino from W′ decay is stable and has a mass significantly less than mW′, an upper limit at the 95% confidence level is set on the cross section times branching ratio for p p → W′ → eν . A W′ with the same couplings to quarks and leptons as the standard model W boson is excluded for mW′

Published
1995

16. Growth of GaAs microcrystal by Ga droplet formation and successive As supply with low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

Author

Chouho Yamagishi, Masahiro Akiyama, Takashi Ueda, Quing Zhu Gao, and Eiji Yamaichi

Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry, Photoluminescence, Chemistry, Semiconductor materials, Materials Chemistry, Analytical chemistry, Deposition (phase transition), Mineralogy, Chemical vapor deposition, Condensed Matter Physics, Epitaxy, Group 2 organometallic chemistry
Abstract

GaAs microcrystals were grown by the combination of Ga droplet formation and successive As supply with low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The Ga droplets were formed by Ga(CH 3 ) 3 supply, and they were transformed to GaAs microcrystals by successive AsH 3 supply. The size and the density of the GaAs microcrystals were controlled by the deposition of the Ga droplets. Several photoluminescence peaks with high intensities were observed from the GaAs microcrystals sandwiched with AlGaAs layers.

Published
1994

17. Beam tests of the DØ uranium liquid argon end calorimeters

Author

T. Huehn, F. Stocker, Ivan Kotov, P. Lucas, J. F. Glicenstein, V. A. Bezzubov, B. Mansoulié, R. P. Smith, Jianchu Xu, F. Nang, Michael Shupe, R. Madden, L. Rasmussen, Jinghong Chen, T. Ferbel, W. Karsh, J. Yu, J. A. Guida, F. Borcherding, K. K. Ng, M. D. Marx, K. Bazizi, S. Abachi, A. Bross, H. D. Wahl, R. Stephens, D. Buchholz, Y. Xia, Harrison Prosper, R. Avellaneda, N. Amos, S. Fahey, Rajendran Raja, O. I. Dahl, S. Cherny, P. Laurens, I. Manning, E. Barasch, M. Strovink, S. Krzywdzinzski, Pushpalatha C Bhat, Stephen Wimpenny, D. Nešić, J. Kourlas, Daniel J. Smith, D. A. Stoyanova, Heng Xu, S. Youssef, A. Kholodenko, M. Mudan, R. J. Madaras, R. Ruland, A. Dyakonenkov, J. Cochran, P. Xie, Welathantri Gd Dharmaratna, T. Marshall, V. Platonov, A. Kirunin, W. Kononenko, J. A. Wightman, B. Pi, K. De, D. Norman, Y. H. Zhou, T. Heuring, A. Kernan, A. M. Davidenko, T. L. Geld, Vyacheslav Klyukhin, G. E. Forden, R. Van Berg, J. Kotcher, M. Peters, S. Igarashi, D. Hedin, Q. Z. Li-Demarteau, J. McKinley, D. Finley, A. Peryshkin, J. Borders, H. J. Martin, N. A. Roe, A. Klatchko, A. Taketani, M. J. Yang, Gregory R Snow, S. Blessing, Shuichi Kunori, Hiroaki Aihara, S.A. Kahn, Allen Mincer, J. Featherly, R. E. Avery, A. S. Ito, A. P. Vorobiev, D. Cullen-Vidal, K. Genser, A. L. Read, W. E. Cooper, J. F. Hubbard, R. E. Hall, E. Kistenev, A. Zieminski, N. Graf, B. Gobbi, P. M. Tuts, F. Lobkowicz, Ph. Mangeot, V. Riadovikov, M. Tartaglia, M. L. Good, S. Chekulaev, Robert Hirosky, E. Malamud, A. Jonckheere, N. Bozko, S. Fuess, V. I. Kochetkov, Sylvain Tisserant, Renkai Li, L. T. Kerth, A. Efimov, J. Bantly, R. Morphis, R. L. Dixon, Michael Rijssenbeek, J. Thompson, W. Smart, Andrew White, K. A. Johns, H. E. Fisk, A. Milder, B. Baldin, Y. Ducros, P. Yamin, A. Zylberstejn, D. Owen, S. Repond, G. Dugan, T. M.L. Ren, Stephan Linn, V. N. Evdokimov, B. G. Pope, Paolo Franzini, W. Selove, B. Gibbard, J. Sculli, H. Greenlee, X. C. Meng, T. G. Trippe, P. Grudberg, H. Haggerty, Sergey Denisov, S. Lökös, N. Oshima, Daria Zieminska, R. D. Schamberger, V. S. Narasimham, M. Abolins, G. Finocchiaro, D. Pizzuto, V. Glebov, Allan G Clark, J. Teiger, B. I. Klochkov, A. Baden, G. C. Blazey, David Cutts, R. E. Lanou, H. Jöstlein, R. Engelmann, A. A. Mayorov, J. T. White, P. Mooney, Yu. Pischalnikov, Serban Protopopescu, R. Huson, J. Womersley, R. Yamada, M. Fatyga, M. Diesburg, O. V. Eroshin, E. A. Kozlovsky, J. H. Christenson, Quing Zhu, S. H. Aronson, M. E. Johnson, H. T. Diehl, D. Bogert, Juliet Lee-Franzini, R. L. McCarthy, S. H. Ahn, A. Pluquet, P. Martin, John Rutherfoord, V. Burtovoy, P. Draper, K. Streets, J. Ellison, A. Suhanov, C. Cretsinger, T. Behnke, J. Yang, R. Partridge, J. N. Butler, P. D. Grannis, H. Piekarz, D. Edmunds, Raymond Brock, Boaz Klima, V. M. Podstavkov, Yu.M. Antipov, D. Denisov, G. Theodosiou, W.A. Wenzel, H. A. Neal, Z. Wolf, Peter Nemethy, C. Stewart, A. Shkurenkov, M. Paterno, James C. Green, M. Fortner, Srinivasan Rajagopalan, Dan Green, J. T. Linnemann, A. Zotov, N. Bulgakov, R. Astur, H. Weerts, M. Demarteau, M. Goforth, C. Klopfenstein, H. S. Mao, C. S. Gao, W. Guryn, S. Willis, S. Durston, Ron Lipton, L. Oesch, M. L. Stevenson, S. Feher, A. L. Spadafora, S. C. Loken, Howard Gordon, P. Rubinov, K. W. Merritt, J. F. Bartlett, J. S. Hoftun, J. M. Guida, R. Zeller, D. P. Eartly, Sharon Hagopian, E. Oltman, N. J. Hadley, C. T. Murphy, R. Cence, and C. Yoshikawa

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Monte Carlo method, Detector, Tevatron, Electron, Calorimeter, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Fermilab, Nuclear Experiment, Collider, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract

We describe the results of beam tests of three uranium-liquid argon calorimeter modules constructed for the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. As part of the calibration procedure, these modules were exposed to beams of electrons, pions and muons between 10 and 150 GeV/c before their installation in the end calorimeter of the completed DO detector. We obtain an electromagnetic sampling resolution of 15.7%/√E and constant term of 0.3%. The hadronic sampling resolution is 45%/√E (degraded to 50%/√E by the effects of upstream material) and the constant term is 4%. The calorimeter is linear to 0.5%, and the electromagnetic to hadronic response ratio is between 1.02 and 1.09 over this range of momenta. For an electron efficiency of 95% we obtain a rejection factor against pions of ∼ 900-3000 for particles in the momentum range between 50 and 150 GeV/c. We also compare our results with the predictions of a detailed Monte Carlo simulation.

Published
1993

18. Characterization of dental caries using Optical Coherence Tomography

Author

Linda L. Otis, Quing Zhu, Y. Chen, and P. Urban

Subjects
Materials science, Optics, Otorhinolaryngology, Optical coherence tomography, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine, Surgery, Oral Surgery, business, General Dentistry, Characterization (materials science)
Published
2005

20. Identification of a specific molecular marker for atherosclerotic plaque: A time course study in the rabbit model

Author

Isabella Pieslak, William Pamley, Carmen Q. White, Richard E. Sievers, Yi-Ping Sun, Francis Chen, Emanuel Calenoff, and Bo-quing Zhu

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, chemistry, business.industry, Molecular marker, Time course, Rabbit model, Medicine, Identification (biology), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published
1991

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