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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) involved host-virus interaction, affecting the replication or pathogenesis of several viruses. Although avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) has been one of the most studied avian viruses, the effects of various host miRNAs on ALV-J infection and its underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we reported that gga-miR-200b-3p acts as a positive host factor enhancing ALV-J replication. We found that gga-miR-200b-3p was increased in response to ALV-J infection in host cells, and that gga-miR-200b-3p effectively enhanced ALV-J replication via targeting host protein dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1). Collectively, these findings highlight a crucial role of gga-miR-200b-3p in ALV-J replication.

This study was designed to identify molecular markers single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MHC B-F gene and SPOCK1 ) associated with Salmonella pullorum disease susceptibility/resistance. A two-stage case-control association study was used. In the first study, a small population comprising 401 Partridge chickens (201 cases and 200 controls) was used, and a total of 118 SNPs genotyped. In the second study, a bigger population comprising 1 075 Partridge chickens (527 cases and 548 controls) was used, and SNPs with significant effect determined in the first study were further analysed. In the first study, 8 SNPs were significantly associated with S . Pullorum disease susceptibility/resistance, however, after further analysis, only the SNPs rs15001532 and C.513A>T were found to be significantly associated with S . Pullorum disease susceptibility/resistance. The relative risk test demonstrated that the AA genotype of rs15001532 resulted in a higher risk of S . Pullorum infection, whereas birds with the TT genotype of C.513A>T were more susceptible to S . Pullorum infection. This research was based on the researches on human complex diseases. With help of these train of thoughts, some common animal diseases can be studied effectively and the process of candidate gene research for animal disease can be improved.