1. Inhibitory effects of thromboxane A2 generation by ginsenoside Ro due to attenuation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 phosphorylation and arachidonic acid release
- Author
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Hyuk-Woo Kwon, Hwa-Jin Park, Man Hee Rhee, and Jung-Hae Shin
- Subjects
Ginsenoside Ro ,0301 basic medicine ,Thromboxane ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) ,Thromboxane A2 ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Phospholipase A2 ,lcsh:Botany ,Platelet ,Mitogen-activated protein kinases ,Protein kinase A ,Phospholipase A ,biology ,Kinase ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,030104 developmental biology ,Arachidonic acid ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Cytosolic phospholipase A2α ,Research Article ,circulatory and respiratory physiology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background: Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) induces platelet aggregation and promotes thrombus formation. Although ginsenoside Ro (G-Ro) from Panax ginseng is known to exhibit a Ca2+-antagonistic antiplatelet effect, whether it inhibits Ca2+-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α) activity to prevent the release of arachidonic acid (AA), a TXA2 precursor, is unknown. In this study, we attempted to identify the mechanism underlying G-Ro-mediated TXA2 inhibition. Methods: We investigated whether G-Ro attenuates TXA2 production and its associated molecules, such as cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), TXA2 synthase (TXAS), cPLA2α, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and AA. To assay COX-1 and TXAS, we used microsomal fraction of platelets. Results: G-Ro reduced TXA2 production by inhibiting AA release. It acted by decreasing the phosphorylation of cPLA2α, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase1, rather than by inhibiting COX-1 and TXAS in thrombin-activated human platelets. Conclusion: G-Ro inhibits AA release to attenuate TXA2 production, which may counteract TXA2-associated thrombosis. Keywords: Arachidonic acid, Cytosolic phospholipase A2α, Ginsenoside Ro, Mitogen-activated protein kinases, Thromboxane A2
- Published
- 2019