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To investigate factors predictive of thromboembolic occlusions and evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy (PAT) for infrainguinal thromboembolic occlusions in patients undergoing endovascular recanalization (EVR).In this single-center retrospective study, 23 patients who underwent PAT for thromboembolism during EVR and 237 patients who underwent successful EVR without thromboembolic occlusions (control group) were enrolled. Immediate posttreatment and follow-up outcomes between groups were compared. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify factors predictive of thromboembolic occlusions. Technical success of PAT was defined as achievement of30% residual stenosis and restoration of modified thrombolysis in myocardial infarction grade 3 flow.The technical success rate was 95.7% in the PAT group. After intervention, ankle brachial index (ABI), restoration of blood flow, and improvement in dorsal/plantar arterial pulse score showed no significant differences between the PAT and control groups. During follow-up, no significant differences were observed between groups in improvement of sustained ABI and maximum walking distance, ulcer healing, restenosis/occlusion and limb salvage rates, and pain relief in patients with critical ischemia. Stenosis greater than 90% with lesion occlusion (odds ratio, 12.891; 95% confidence interval, 1.676-99.161; P = .014) and intraluminal angioplasty (odds ratio, 18.423; 95% confidence interval, 2.408-140.942; P = .005) were associated with a high incidence of thromboembolism.Stenosis greater than 90% with lesion occlusion and intraluminal angioplasty may be factors predictive of thromboembolic occlusions. PAT is a safe and effective treatment for thromboembolism during infrainguinal arterial EVR.

The effects of crystal structure of Nickel on the interfacial phase and growth mechanism were clarified in Sn/Ni soldered joints by using polycrystal nickel and single crystal nickel substrate. It was found that the intermetallic compounds (IMCs) phase, Ni3Sn4, was formed at the interface of Sn/polycrystal nickel joints; while, it changed into NiSn4 when using single crystal nickel substrate. At the following thermal aging process, Ni3Sn4 and NiSn4 exhibited different behaviors: Ni3Sn4 grew faster than NiSn4 showing a much thicker layer. Kinetics analysis indicated that different diffusion mechanisms governed the IMCs layer growth, namely Ni3Sn4 was controlled by diffusion of the reaction elements, whereas NiSn4 was controlled by reaction rate.

Rationale and Objectives To compare the clinical outcomes of retrograde transplantar arch angioplasty and conventional below-the-knee (BTK) anterograde recanalization. Materials and Methods One hundred twelve limbs in 96 patients underwent attempt at antegrade tibial angioplasty. Among 27 technical failures, retrograde trans-dorsal or -planter percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was attempted in 22 limbs. Ankle–brachial index (ABI), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade, and dorsal/plantar arterial pulse score improvement were compared immediately after the procedures between patients received successful anterograde angioplasty (anterograde angioplasty group [AAG], 85 limbs in 71 patients) and retrograde angioplasty (retrograde angioplasty group [RAG], 22 limbs in 20 patients). Target vessel restenosis and limb salvage were observed during follow-up. Results Primary technical success rate was 75.9% in the RAG (vs. 74.0% AAG, P > .05). ABI improved from 0.55 ± 0.21 to 0.93 ± 0.19 in the RAG (vs. 0.56 ± 0.14 to 0.89 ± 0.18 AAG, P > .05). TIMI flow grade demonstrated greater reperfusion of distal foot tissue in the RAG (2.3 ± 0.8 vs. 1.0 ± 0.8, P P > .05). Kaplan–Meier analysis after 24 months found limb salvage rates of 93.8% in the RAG and 96.5% in the AAG ( P > .05). Conclusions Retrograde transplantar arch angioplasty achieved better immediate blood flow and similar ABI improvement, primary patency rate, and limb salvage rate compared to conventional transtibial angioplasty for BTK occlusions. This could become a supplementary technique when anterograde angioplasty fails.

This paper addresses the mechanical properties of ferrite steel resistance spot welds during quasi-static tensile test. The mechanical properties are described in terms of peak load. It was shown that the fusion zone size is the most important. The fusion zone size can control the solidification of the grain which controlling factor of spot weld peak load. The dendritic grain and equiaxial axial grains occurred in the microstructures of the welded specimens joined at various welding currents and electrode forces. The failure mechanism of resistance spot welds during tensile test was studied with the aid of thermography. The thermography gives visible data of temperature changes on the surface of specimen. In light of the failure mechanism, the simple model is proposed to ensure pull out failure mode.

Laser remelting of plasma sprayed Al 2 O 3 –TiO 2 coatings has been extensively investigated. However, little work on the microstructural evolution of laser-remelted Al 2 O 3 –TiO 2 coatings has been reported. This study presents a detailed microstructural investigation of laser-remelted Al 2 O 3 –TiO 2 coatings. Nanostructured feedstock has been reconstituted from nano-sized starting powders. A compound process of plasma spraying and laser remelting has been applied to fabricate the Al 2 O 3 –TiO 2 coatings on titanium alloy. The evolution of microstructures of laser-remelted Al 2 O 3 –TiO 2 coatings was investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Microstructural observations revealed microstructure correlation throughout the compound process. It was found the α-Al 2 O 3 in feedstock was transformed to γ-Al 2 O 3 after plasma spraying, which was completely transformed into stable α-Al 2 O 3 phase after laser remelting. Bi-modal microstructure features are found for the laser-remelted coatings. For nanostructured coating, the net structure of its remelted coating resembles that of its feedstock and as-sprayed coating. For conventional coating, the strip-like structure of its remelted coating also resembles that of its feedstock and as-sprayed coating.

We designed a small randomized clinical trial to prospectively test the hypothesis that batroxobin is more effective than aspirin alone to prevent restenosis in patients with diabetes undergoing angioplasty of infrapopliteal arteries.After a successful angioplasty, a total of 52 diabetic patients with symptomatic infrapopliteal obstructions were randomized to either the treated group (n = 26) or the control group (n = 26). Patients in the treated group received 5 IU batroxobin through an intravenous drip once every alternate day, for a total of six doses. The primary end point was restenosis and reocclusion, which was documented by magnetic resonance angiography or duplex scanning at 12-month follow-up. The clinical symptoms relief and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were compared before and after the procedure, and during follow-up. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed to evaluate restenosis or reocclusion-free, limb salvage, and amputation-free rates.Restenosis and reocclusion occurred in 22.0% and 34.5% lesions in the treated and the control group, respectively (p = 0.0307). Statistical differences were observed between the ABI before the angioplasty procedure(p0.05) and the ABI at the 12-month follow-up (p = 0.0094) of the two groups. Clinical symptoms improvement and tissue healing occurred in 23 and 19 patients in the batroxobin group and the control group, respectively (p = 0.0544). Twelve months after angioplasty, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the restenosis and reocclusion-free rate was 74.0% and 54.8%, the limb salvage rate was 96.2% and 92.3%, and the amputation-free rate was 84.6% and 84.6%, in the treated and control group, respectively.This pilot trial revealed that batroxobin usage was effective in preventing restenosis and reocclusion after infrapopliteal arterial angioplasty, and it might provide better clinical symptoms relief; however, it did not report preferable limb salvage or amputation-free rates.

Introduction L’embolisation endovasculaire des anevrysmes cerebraux de tres petite taille (ACPT) est controversee. Nous rapportons ici notre experience de l’embolisation par coils de ce type de lesions et decrivons la faisabilite et l’efficacite d’une telle intervention. Methode Nous avons revu les patients (n = 19) ayant beneficie d’un traitement endovasculaire d’ACPT dans notre institution. Les anevrysmes etaient situes au niveau du segment supraclinoide de l’artere carotide interne (ACI, n = 7), de la partie caverneuse de l’ICA (n = 3), de la communicante anterieure (n = 5), de l’artere vertebrale-artere cerebelleuse postero-inferieure (n = 2), de la bifurcation de l’artere cerebrale moyenne (n = 1), de l’artere pericalleuse (n = 1), et du segment P2 (n = 1). La classification pretherapeutique de la Federation Mondiale des Societes de Neurochirurgie etait de grade I dans 14 cas et de grade II dans 5 cas. Le traitement endovasculaire a inclu l’occlusion par coils, la mise en place de coils assistee par ballon, et la mise en place de coils associee a la mise en place d’un stent. Les taux d’occlusions ont ete subdivises en (1) occlusion complete ou quasi-complete quand la reduction du calibre luminal etait de 95-100%; (2) occlusion sub-complete quand il existait une stenose a 80-95%; et (3) partielle, quand la stenose etait Resultats Tous les patients ont ete embolises avec succes a l’aide de coils. Le controle angiographique immediat a demontre une occlusion totale (n = 5), sub-complete (n = 5) ou partielle (n = 6). Au cours d’un suivi compris entre 1 et 2 ans, l’occlusion de tous les anevrysmes a ete confirmee par angiographie. Aucune recidive ni compactage de coils n’est survenue. Aucune recidive hemorragique ni accident vasculaire cerebral n’est survenu. Conclusion L’embolisation par coils d’ACPT est faisable et efficace. Une occlusion subtotale ou partielle est susceptible d’evoluer vers une occlusion complete.